04444nam 22007455 450 991030055580332120200701014429.03-319-67711-X10.1007/978-3-319-67711-8(CKB)4100000001795131(DE-He213)978-3-319-67711-8(MiAaPQ)EBC6312395(MiAaPQ)EBC5592587(Au-PeEL)EBL5592587(OCoLC)1021190790(PPN)223953199(EXLCZ)99410000000179513120180102d2018 u| 0engurnn|008mamaatxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierHigh-Energy-Density Physics Foundation of Inertial Fusion and Experimental Astrophysics /by R Paul Drake2nd ed. 2018.Cham :Springer International Publishing :Imprint: Springer,2018.1 online resource (XXIII, 658 p. 230 illus., 2 illus. in color.) Graduate Texts in Physics,1868-45133-319-67710-1 Introduction to High-Energy-Density Physics -- Descriptions of Fluids and Plasmas -- Properties of High-Energy-Density Plasmas -- Shocks and Rarefactions -- Hydrodynamic Instabilities -- Radiative Transfer -- Radiation Hydrodynamics -- Creating High-Energy-Density Conditions -- Inertial Confinement Fusion -- Experimental Astrophysics -- Relativistic High-Energy-Density Systems -- Appendix A: Constants, Acronyms, and Standard Variables -- Appendix B: Sample Mathematica Code -- Appendix C: List of the Homework Problems and Solutions to Selected Problems.The raw numbers of high-energy-density physics are amazing: shock waves at hundreds of km/s (approaching a million km per hour), temperatures of millions of degrees, and pressures that exceed 100 million atmospheres. This title surveys the production of high-energy-density conditions, the fundamental plasma and hydrodynamic models that can describe them and the problem of scaling from the laboratory to the cosmos. Connections to astrophysics are discussed throughout. The book is intended to support coursework in high-energy-density physics, to meet the needs of new researchers in this field, and also to serve as a useful reference on the fundamentals. Specifically the book has been designed to enable academics in physics, astrophysics, applied physics and engineering departments to provide in a single-course, an introduction to fluid mechanics and radiative transfer, with dramatic applications in the field of high-energy-density systems. This second edition includes pedagogic improvements to the presentation throughout and additional material on equations of state, heat waves, and ionization fronts, as well as problem sets accompanied by solutions.Graduate Texts in Physics,1868-4513AtomsPhysicsAstrophysicsPlasma (Ionized gases)Energy systemsLasersPhotonicsAtoms and Molecules in Strong Fields, Laser Matter Interactionhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P24025Astrophysics and Astroparticleshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P22022Plasma Physicshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P24040Energy Systemshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/115000Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Deviceshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P31030Atoms.Physics.Astrophysics.Plasma (Ionized gases)Energy systems.Lasers.Photonics.Atoms and Molecules in Strong Fields, Laser Matter Interaction.Astrophysics and Astroparticles.Plasma Physics.Energy Systems.Optics, Lasers, Photonics, Optical Devices.530.44Drake R Paulauthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut835281MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910300555803321High-Energy-Density Physics2509325UNINA07105nam 2200361z- 450 991040414060332120210211(CKB)4100000011301913(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/41872(oapen)doab41872(EXLCZ)99410000001130191320202102d2015 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierBeating the human rights drum: Applying human rights standards to NGOs' governancePretoria University Law Press (PULP)20151 online resource (262 p.)1-920538-40-2 Conceptualising the role of NGO's in the human rights movement -- The human rights obligations of NGO's in the international arena -- NGO's and the principle of express linkage to human rights -- NGO's and the principle of accountability -- NGO's and the principles of participation and inclusion -- Exploring the principles of empowerment, equity and non-discrimination -- Walking the talk : holding NGO's accountable to human rights principles.About the publication The main contention of this book is that non-governmental organisations (NGOs) have the obligation to empower themselves internally before they can champion the empowerment of others. This entails being knowledgeable in the area of work; forging linkages with broader civil society and academia; building on the positive cultural values that resonate with human rights to stimulate mass support; and balancing the different accountabilities to the law, boards, membership, self-regulatory mechanisms, public and donors. This book is based on the author's (LLD) thesis, submitted to the University of Pretoria. The thesis was subsequently revised, based on a further peer-review process. About the editor: Maria Nassali is Chief Executive Officer of International Governance Alliance (iGA). School of Law, Makerere University, Uganda Table of Contents Foreword Preface Acknowledgments About the author Dedication Cases, statutes and documents Acronyms Conceptualising the role of NGOs in the human rights movement 1 Introduction and overview 2 The concealed and unchecked power of NGOs: A background discussion 3 Linking rights, governance and development 4 Book overview The human rights obligations of NGOs in the international arena 1 Introduction 2 NGOs' obligations under international law 2.1 NGOs do not have legal obligations under international human rights law 2.2 NGOs legal obligations to respect and promote human rights 3 The rights-based approach as an instrument of good governance 4 Implications of the rights-based approach to NGO governance 4.1 Express linkage to human rights 4.2 Accountability and Transparency 4.3 Participation and inclusion 4.4 Equity, non-discrimination and empowerment 5 Conclusion NGOs and the principle of express linkage to human rights 1 Introduction 2 Why all NGOs should apply human right principles to their governance and management 3 The principle of express linkage to rights and the universality of human rights 3.1 The universality of rights: The conceptualisation of rights amongst NNGOs and SNGOs 3.2 The universality of rights: African NGOs and cultural interpretation 4 The principle of indivisibility of rights: A case study of DNGOS and HURINGOs 4.1 The traditional relationship between DNGOs and HURINGOs 4.2 The indivisibility of rights: HURINGOs and the development agenda 5 Conclusion NGOs and the principle of accountability 1 Introduction 2 Accountability through the law 2.1 The right to exist informally as an organisation 2.2 The right to legal existence and the obligation to register 2.3 Protection from unwarranted state interference 3 Accountability to the sector wide mechanism for self-regulation 4 Accountability to the NGO Board 4.1 The Board as a source of accountability 4.2 The mechanisms of accountability by the Board 4 Accountability to members 5 Accountability to the communities 6 Transparency and public accountability 7 Accountability to donors 8 Conclusion NGOs and the principles of participation and inclusion 1 Introduction 2 Founders and inclusive and participatory management 3 Broadening participation through transitions and succession 4 Participation and the management of conflicts 5 NGOs and community participation 6 Peer NGO networks and coalitions 7 Participation of NGOs in political society 7.1 Making the case for NGO's political participation 7.2 Collaboration and critical engagement with government 7.3 Civil disobedience 7.4 Entering the state 8 NGOs and the African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights 9 NGO participation with National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) 10 Conclusion Exploring the principles of empowerment, equity and non-discrimination 1 Introduction 2 NGOs, empowerment and human rights and governance expertise 2.1 NGOs and human rights and governance expertise 2.2 The dilemmas of volunteerism and the payment of competitive remuneration 2.3 Empowerment and sustaining activism 3 Empowerment and resource mobilisation to achieve an NGO's mission 3.1 NGOs and government funding 3.2 NGOs and foreign donor funding 4 Empowerment of marginalised groups within the NGO sector 4.1 NGOs and the empowerment of women 4.2 NGOs and the empowerment of the youth 4.3 NGOs and sexual minorities 4.4 NGOs and the empowerment of racial and ethnic minorities 5 The contemporary efforts of promoting equality and empowerment within the NNGOs/ SNGO relationship 6 Conclusion Walking the talk: Holding NGOs accountable to human rights principles 1 Introduction 2 NGOs' human rights obligations 3 NGOs' human rights obligations elaborated 3.1 The principle of express linkage to rights (mainstreaming) 3.2 The principles of accountability and transparency 3.3 The principle of participation and inclusion 3.4 The principles of equity, non-discrimination and empowerment 4 Status of NGOs' observance of human rights obligations in Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and South Africa 4.1 The status of observance of the principle of linkage to rights 4.2 The status of observance of the principles of accountability and transparency 4.3 The status of observance of the principles of participation and inclusion 4.4 The status of observance of the principles of equity, non-discrimination and empowerment 5 Recommendations 5.1 NGO obligations under the principles of linkage to rights 5.2 NGO obligations under the principles of accountability and transparency 5.3 NGO obligations under the principles of participation and inclusion 5.4 Equity, Non-discrimination and Empowerment 6 Concluding thoughts BibliographyBeating the human rights drumHuman rightsSouth AfricaNon-governmental organizationsSouth AfricaHuman rightsNon-governmental organizationsNassali Maria1371320BOOK9910404140603321Beating the human rights drum3400275UNINA