04157nam 2200793z- 450 9910404080803321202102113-03928-211-5(CKB)4100000011302330(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/55528(oapen)doab55528(EXLCZ)99410000001130233020202102d2020 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierOvercoming Data Scarcity in Earth ScienceMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute20201 online resource (94 p.)3-03928-210-7 heavily Environmental mathematical models represent one of the key aids for scientists to forecast, create, and evaluate complex scenarios. These models rely on the data collected by direct field observations. However, assembly of a functional and comprehensive dataset for any environmental variable is difficult, mainly because of i) the high cost of the monitoring campaigns and ii) the low reliability of measurements (e.g., due to occurrences of equipment malfunctions and/or issues related to equipment location). The lack of a sufficient amount of Earth science data may induce an inadequate representation of the response's complexity in any environmental system to any type of input/change, both natural and human-induced. In such a case, before undertaking expensive studies to gather and analyze additional data, it is reasonable to first understand what enhancement in estimates of system performance would result if all the available data could be well exploited. Missing data imputation is an important task in cases where it is crucial to use all available data and not discard records with missing values. Different approaches are available to deal with missing data. Traditional statistical data completion methods are used in different domains to deal with single and multiple imputation problems. More recently, machine learning techniques, such as clustering and classification, have been proposed to complete missing data. This book showcases the body of knowledge that is aimed at improving the capacity to exploit the available data to better represent, understand, predict, and manage the behavior of environmental systems at all practical scales.History of engineering and technologybicssc3D-Vararthropod vectorattribute reductionclimate extreme indices (CEIs)ClimPACTcore attributedata assimilationdata imputationdata qualitydata scarcityDataset Licensedatabasedecision treesearth-science dataensemble learningenvironmental modelingenvironmental observationsExpert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI)Expert Team on Sector-specific Climate Indices (ET-SCI)geophysical monitoringGLDASinvasive speciesk-Nearest Neighborsmachine learningmagnetotelluric monitoringmicrohabitatmissing datamulti-class classificationprocessingremote sensingrough set theoryrule extractionsoil texture calculatorspecies distribution modelingstatistical methodssupport vector machineswater qualityHistory of engineering and technologyEtcheverry Venturini Lorenaauth1325393Chreties Ceriani ChristianauthCastro Casales AlbertoauthGorgoglione AngelaauthBOOK9910404080803321Overcoming Data Scarcity in Earth Science3036840UNINA