04772nam 2201021z- 450 9910372784003321202102123-03928-097-X(CKB)4100000010163786(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/57235(oapen)doab57235(EXLCZ)99410000001016378620202102d2020 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierProtection Strategy against Spruce BudwormMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute20201 online resource (220 p.)3-03928-096-1 Spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)) outbreaks are a dominant natural disturbance in the forests of Canada and northeastern USA. Widespread, severe defoliation by this native insect results in large-scale mortality and growth reductions of spruce (Picea sp.) and balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) forests, and largely determines future age-class structure and productivity. The last major spruce budworm outbreak defoliated over 58 million hectares in the 1970s-1980s, and caused 32-43 million m3/year of timber volume losses from 1978 to 1987, in Canada. Management to deal with spruce budworm outbreaks has emphasized forest protection, spraying registered insecticides to prevent defoliation and keep trees alive. Other tactics can include salvage harvesting, altering harvest schedules to remove the most susceptible stands, or reducing future susceptibility by planting or thinning. Chemical insecticides are no longer used, and protection strategies use biological insecticides Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) or tebufenozide, a specific insect growth regulator. Over the last five years, a $30 million research project has tested another possible management tactic, termed an 'early intervention strategy', aimed at area-wide management of spruce budworm populations. This includes intensive monitoring to detect 'hot spots' of rising budworm populations before defoliation occurs, targeted insecticide treatment to prevent spread, and detailed research into target and non-target insect effects. The objective of this Special Issue is to compile the most recent research on protection strategies against spruce budworm. A series of papers will describe results and prospects for the use of an early intervention strategy in spruce budworm and other insect management.Biology, life sciencesbicsscAbies balsameaAcadian regionaerobiologyannual defoliationapparent fecundityarea-wide managementChoristoneura fumiferanaChoristoneura fumiferana (Clem.)Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens)circadian rhythmcomputable general equilibrium modeldecision support systemdefoliationdefoliation predictiondispersalearly interventionearly intervention strategyeconomic and ecological cost: benefit analyseseconomic lossesegg recruitmentendophytic fungifoliage protectionforest pestsforest protectiongrowth ratehardwood contentimmigrationinsect population managementinsect susceptibilityinsecticide applicationinsecticidesintertree varianceLepidopteraMainemigrationmixed effect modelsmodellingmonitoringmothmothsmulti-spectral remote sensingoptimized treatment designphenologypheromone mating disruptionPhialocephala scopiformisPicea glaucaPinaceaeplant tolerancepopulation controlQuebecscience communicationsimulationspatial autocorrelationspatial-temporal patternsspruce budwormsurvivaltortricidaetreatment thresholdBiology, life sciencesMacLean Davidauth1288174BOOK9910372784003321Protection Strategy against Spruce Budworm3020673UNINA