01435nas 2200553-a 450 99632147700331620230215213018.0(OCoLC)488681823(CKB)1000000000808913(CONSER)--2009203531(MiFhGG)07UW(DE-599)ZDB2625789-0(EXLCZ)99100000000080891320091214a20109999 s-- aengur|||||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAging and diseaseCalifornia JKL International1 online resourceRefereed/Peer-reviewed2152-5250 A & DAGING DISAging dis.Aging DisAgingPeriodicalsAgingPhysiologyPeriodicalsAgingGerontologyebpsAgingfast(OCoLC)fst00800293Periodical.Fulltext.Internet Resources.Periodicals.Periodicals.fastAgingAgingPhysiologyAging.Gerontology.Aging.616Buck Institute for Age Research.JOURNAL996321477003316Aging and disease2175086UNISA08556nam 2200577 450 991078058320332120231110221104.01-68392-875-X1-68392-876-8(MiAaPQ)EBC30302587(Au-PeEL)EBL30302587(CKB)25869596700041(DE-B1597)653486(DE-B1597)9781683928768(EXLCZ)992586959670004120230421d2022 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierParticle physics an introduction /Robert Purdy2nd ed.Duxbury, Massachusetts :Mercury Learning and Information,[2022]©20221 online resource (441 pages)Providing an Essential Overview of the Topic, These Books Provide a Concise Introduction to the Essential Fields of Physics Print version: Purdy, Robert Particle Physics Bloomfield : Mercury Learning & Information,c2018 9781683928775 Cover -- Half-Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: A History of Particle Physics -- 1.1 Atomic Theory -- 1.2 Atomic Structure -- 1.3 Forces and Interactions -- 1.4 Strange and Unexpected Developments -- 1.5 Strangeness -- 1.6 Quarks and Symmetries -- 1.7 The Standard Model of Particle Physics -- 1.8 The Current State of the Field -- 1.9 Exercises -- Chapter 2: Special Relativity -- 2.1 Lorentz Transformations -- 2.1.1 Scalars, Vectors, and Reference Frames -- 2.1.2 Special Relativity -- 2.1.3 Minkowski Space -- 2.2 Energy and Momentum in Minkowski Space -- 2.2.1 Example Calculation -- 2.2.2 Invariant Mass -- 2.3 Exercises -- Chapter 3: Quantum Mechanics -- 3.1 States and Operators -- 3.2 The Schrödinger Equation -- 3.3 Probability Current -- 3.4 Angular Momentum and Spin -- 3.5 Spin 1/2 Particles and the Pauli Matrices -- 3.6 The Hamiltonian -- 3.6.1 The Lagrangian -- 3.7 Quantum Mechanics and Electromagnetism: The Schrödinger Approach -- 3.8 Quantum Mechanics and Electromagnetism: The Pauli Equation -- 3.9 Exercises -- Chapter 4: Symmetries and Groups -- 4.1 The Importance of Symmetry in Physics -- 4.2 Discrete Symmetries -- 4.2.1 Mathematical Structure of Discrete Symmetries -- 4.2.2 Discrete Symmetries in Particle Physics -- 4.3 Continuous Symmetries -- 4.3.1 Mathematical Structure of Continuous Symmetries -- 4.3.2 Continuous Symmetries in Particle Physics -- 4.4 Exercises -- Chapter 5: Experimental Particle Physics -- 5.1 Detectors -- 5.1.1 Interactions of Particles with Matter -- 5.1.2 Early Detectors -- 5.1.3 Modern Detectors -- 5.2 Accelerators -- 5.2.1 Linear Accelerators -- 5.2.2 Cyclotrons -- 5.2.3 Synchrotrons -- 5.3 Measurable Quantities in Particle Physics: Matching Theory to Experiment -- 5.3.1 Cross-Sections -- 5.3.2 Lifetimes -- 5.4 Exercises -- Chapter 6: Particle Classification.6.1 The Spin-Statistics Theorem -- 6.2 The Strong Force -- 6.2.1 Isospin -- 6.2.2 Flavor SU (3) -- 6.3 Color -- 6.4 Building Hadrons -- 6.4.1 Quark Content -- 6.4.2 Mass -- 6.4.3 Resonances -- 6.4.4 Larger Flavor Symmetries -- 6.5 Exercises -- Chapter 7: Relativistic Quantum Mechanics -- 7.1 The Klein-Gordon Equation -- 7.1.1 A Relativistic Schrödinger Equation -- 7.1.2 Solutions of the Klein-Gordon Equation -- 7.1.3 Conserved Current -- 7.2 The Maxwell and Proca Equations -- 7.2.1 Derivation of the Maxwell Equation -- 7.2.2 Solutions of the Maxwell Equation -- 7.2.3 Including Mass: The Proca Equation -- 7.2.4 Spin of Vector Particles -- 7.3 Combining Equations: How Do Particles Interact? -- 7.3.1 Quantum Field Theory Without the Maths -- 7.3.2 Feynman Rules -- 7.4 Exercises -- Chapter 8: The Dirac Equation -- 8.1 A Linear Relativistic Equation -- 8.2 Representations of the Gamma Matrices -- 8.2.1 The Dirac Representation -- 8.2.2 The Weyl Representation -- 8.3 Spinors and Lorentz Transformations -- 8.4 Solutions of the Dirac Equation -- 8.4.1 Basis Spinors -- 8.4.2 Spin -- 8.4.3 Antiparticles -- 8.4.4 Helicity -- 8.4.5 Chirality -- 8.5 Massless Particles -- 8.6 Charge Conjugation -- 8.7 Dirac, Weyl, and Majorana Spinors -- 8.8 Bilinear Covariants -- 8.9 Exercises -- Chapter 9: Quantum Electrodynamics -- 9.1 U(1) Symmetry in Wave Equations -- 9.2 Localizing the U(1) Symmetry -- 9.3 The Link with Classical Physics -- 9.4 A Well-Tested Theory -- 9.5 Calculations in QED -- 9.5.1 Feynman Rules for QED -- 9.5.2 Calculating Amplitudes -- 9.5.3 Calculating the Differential Cross-Section -- 9.6 Beyond Leading Order: Renormalization -- 9.7 Form Factors and Structure Functions -- 9.7.1 Electromagnetic Form Factors -- 9.7.2 Structure Functions and the Quark Model -- 9.8 Exercises -- Chapter 10: Non-Abelian Gauge Theory and Color.10.1 Non-Abelian Symmetry in the Dirac Equation -- 10.1.1 SU(3) and Color -- 10.1.2 Localizing the SU(3) Symmetry -- 10.2 Gluon Self-Interactions -- 10.3 Strong Force Interactions -- 10.3.1 Quantum Chromodynamics -- 10.3.2 Scale-Dependence -- 10.4 High-Energy QCD -- 10.4.1 Asymptotic Freedom -- 10.4.2 Perturbative QCD -- 10.5 Low-Energy QCD -- 10.5.1 Quark Confinement -- 10.5.2 The Residual Nuclear Force -- 10.5.3 Perturbative and Lattice QCD -- 10.6 Exotic Matter -- 10.6.1 Pentaquarks and Tetraquarks -- 10.6.2 Glueballs -- 10.6.3 Quark-Gluon Plasma -- 10.7 Exercises -- Chapter 11: Symmetry Breaking and The Higgs Mechanism -- 11.1 The Weak Force as a Boson-Mediated Interaction -- 11.1.1 P Violation -- 11.1.2 C Violation -- 11.2 Renormalizability and the Need for Symmetry -- 11.3 Hidden Symmetry -- 11.3.1 Toy Model 1: Z2 Symmetry Breaking -- 11.3.2 Toy Model 2: U(1) Symmetry Breaking -- 11.3.3 Local U(1) Symmetry Breaking -- 11.3.4 The Higgs Mechanism: SU(2) x U(1) Breaking -- 11.4 Electroweak Interactions -- 11.4.1 Hypercharge and Weak Isospin -- 11.5 Exercises -- Chapter 12: The Standard Model of Particle Physics -- 12.1 Putting It All Together -- 12.2 Fermion Masses -- 12.3 Quark Mixing and the CKM Matrix -- 12.3.1 The Cabibbo Hypothesis -- 12.3.2 Neutral Mesons -- 12.3.3 More General Quark Mixing -- 12.4 CP Violation in the Weak Sector -- 12.4.1 The Electron Electric Dipole Moment -- 12.5 Successes of the Standard Model -- 12.5.1 Anomaly Cancelation -- 12.6 Problems with the Standard Model -- 12.6.1 Baryogenesis -- 12.6.2 The Hierarchy Problem -- 12.6.3 The Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment -- 12.6.4 The Strong CP Problem -- 12.7 Exercises -- Chapter 13: Beyond the Standard Model -- 13.1 Neutrino Oscillations and the PMNS Matrix -- 13.2 The See-Saw Mechanism -- 13.3 Grand Unification -- 13.3.1 SU(5) as an Example GUT -- 13.3.2 Magnetic Monopoles.13.4 Supersymmetry -- 13.5 Problems with Standard Model Extensions -- 13.6 Gravitons -- 13.6.1 Can We Go Further Than Spin-2? -- 13.6.2 Problems with Gravity -- 13.7 Axions -- 13.8 Dark Matter -- 13.8.1 Axions -- 13.8.2 Sterile Neutrinos -- 13.8.3 Lightest Supersymmetric Particle -- 13.8.4 Something New -- 13.9 Dark Energy and Inflation -- 13.9.1 Inflation -- 13.9.2 Dark Energy -- 13.10 The Future of Particle Physics -- 13.11 Exercises -- Appendix A: Elementary Particle Properties and Other Useful Quantities -- Appendix B: Feynman Rules -- Appendix C: Gamma Matrix Identities -- Bibliography -- Index.This updated edition is designed as a brief introduction to the fundamental particles that make up the matter in our universe. Numerous examples, figures, and simple explanations enable general readers and physics students to understand complex concepts related to the universe. Selected topics include atoms, quarks, accelerators, detectors, colliders, string theory, and more. FEATURESExplores the fundamental particles that make up the matter in our universeTopics include atoms, quarks, accelerators, detectors, colliders, string theory, and moreProviding an Essential Overview of the Topic, These Books Provide a Concise Introduction to the Essential Fields of Physics Particles (Nuclear physics)accelerators.atoms.colliders.detectors.quarks.string theory.Particles (Nuclear physics)415Purdy Robert1508767MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910780583203321Particle physics3740239UNINA06794nam 22018733a 450 991036775340332120250203235431.09783039214822303921482910.3390/books978-3-03921-482-2(CKB)4100000010106183(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/54066(ScCtBLL)73405229-7f26-49fd-8a45-8fdc84432d04(OCoLC)1163817687(oapen)doab54066(EXLCZ)99410000001010618320250203i20192019 uu engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierMultilevel Converters : Analysis, Modulation, Topologies, and Applications /Gabriele Grandi, Alex RudermanMDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute2019Basel, Switzerland :MDPI,2019.1 electronic resource (548 p.)9783039214815 3039214810 This book is a collection of scientific papers concerning multilevel inverters examined from different points of view. Many applications are considered, such as renewable energy interface, power conditioning systems, electric drives, and chargers for electric vehicles. Different topologies have been examined in both new configurations and well-established structures, introducing novel and particular modulation strategies, and examining the effect of modulation techniques on voltage and current harmonics and the total harmonic distortion.History of engineering and technologybicssctotal harmonic distortion (THD)imperialist competitive algorithmfault detectionautomatic current balancesmall signal modelingphase-shifted PWMvoltage balance controlparasitic switching statesmulti-terminal DC network (MTDC)DC-link capacitor voltage balancinghigh efficiency drivemodular multilevel convertersDC-link voltage balancingpower factor correctionselected harmonic eliminationContinuous Wavelet Transformpower flow analysisT-type inverterelectrical drivesmodular multilevel converter (MMC)computational costfault locationvoltage imbalanceDC-link capacitor designmultilevel active-clamped converterdc-link capacitor voltage balancevoltage ripplecommutationmodel predictive control (MPC)voltage fluctuationmulti-motor driveBalance of capacitor voltageon-board battery chargersingle-phase three-level NPC converterSuppression of CMVredundant switching combinationACTPSSmodel predictive controlthree-loopfinite control set model predictive controlcurrent estimationfive-levelfault-tolerant controloffset voltage injectionharmonic componentcurrent unmeasurable areasLC filtercomputational burdeninterleaved buckthree-level converterIGBT short-circuitSVPWMharmonicDC side fault blockingthree-phase to single-phase cascaded convertersingle shunt resistorbuck-chopperpower factormodulation techniquesmodular multilevel converters (MMC)permanent magnet synchronous generatorsorting networksalternating current (AC) motor drivespace vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM)open end winding motorminimum voltage injection (MVI) methodtransmission lineshift methodgenetic algorithmelectric vehicleactive filterNPC/H Bridgebattery energy storage system (BESS)digital controllerneutral-point-clamped (NPC) invertermotor drivehybrid modulated model predictive controllevel-shifted PWMoptimal output voltage levelPhase Disposition PWMopen-end winding configurationmodular multilevel convertermultilevel power converterssimplified PWM strategyMMC-MTDCtolerance for battery power unbalancethree-level neutral point clamped inverter (NPCI)real time simulatorharmonic mitigationreverse predictionmultilevel invertersfield-programmable gate arraycurrent reconstruction methoddigital signal processors (DSP)three-level boostmultilevel converterimproved PQ algorithmlow-harmonic DC ice-melting devicePV-simulatortotal harmonic distortionvoltage balancingSub-module (SM) faultDC–DC conversionsmart gridCascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (CHBMI)dynamic reactivefield-oriented controlcapacitor voltage balancingenergy savinghigh reliability applicationsthree-phase invertersubstation’s voltage stabilitythree-level boost DC-DC converterpower qualityT-type convertervoltage source inverterstate-of-charge (SOC) balancing controlmulti-point DC controlpredictive controlDifferential Comparison Low-Voltage Detection Method (DCLVDM)History of engineering and technologyGrandi Gabriele1331593Ruderman AlexScCtBLLScCtBLLBOOK9910367753403321Multilevel Converters4321341UNINA