02849nam 2200445 450 991082995690332120230629233200.01-119-59967-91-119-59962-81-119-59969-5(CKB)5590000000463893(MiAaPQ)EBC6579928(Au-PeEL)EBL6579928(OCoLC)1250082409(EXLCZ)99559000000046389320211215d2021 uy 0engurcnu||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierThe esophagus /editor, Joel Richter [and six others]Sixth edition.Hoboken, New Jersey :Wiley,[2021]©20211 online resource (913 pages)1-119-59960-1 Includes bibliographical references and index."My exposure to studies of esophageal function began in the middle of the 20th century and reflects 50 years of clinical experience and testing using new technology. There was growing interest in the development of techniques to study in-vivo function of the human esophagus. Early pioneer work in the laboratory of Charles Code PhD at the Mayo Clinic led the way with studies using nasogastric intubation with small (2-5 mm diameter) catheters in both healthy volunteers and patients with symptoms likely related to esophageal motility abnormalities. These studies were performed in awake non-sedated patients with a limited number of swallows (traditionally 10) of 5 ml volumes of water or saline, using a catheter filled with water or a small air-filled balloon. In the 1950s and 1960s a growing group of enthusiastic investigators joined the ranks of Code's disciples, expanding awareness of manometric findings in patients presenting with dysphagia, regurgitation, heartburn or chest pain so that by the end of the 20th century the terms "esophagology or esophagologist" were often seen. This was stimulated by their use at the regular international meetings for studies of the esophagus organized every 2-4 years by professor Robert Guilli, a Parisian surgeon. At one of these he organized an election such that I was voted by my international colleagues to receive the title "Pope of Esophagology". Although created in jest, I have enjoyed the respect it carries for many years. I believe that an esophagologist is best defined as a basic or clinical scientist with a focus on studies of esophageal function or disease"--Provided by publisher.EsophagusDiseasesEsophagusDiseases.616.32Richter Joel E.MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910829956903321Esophagus836082UNINA05342nam 22005295 450 991030016200332120200702222607.03-319-95570-510.1007/978-3-319-95570-4(CKB)4100000005323361(DE-He213)978-3-319-95570-4(MiAaPQ)EBC6314447(PPN)229501869(EXLCZ)99410000000532336120180721d2018 u| 0engurnn|008mamaatxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierLecture Notes in Cosmology /by Oliver Piattella1st ed. 2018.Cham :Springer International Publishing :Imprint: Springer,2018.1 online resource (XVIII, 418 p. 53 illus., 23 illus. in color.) UNITEXT for Physics,2198-7882Includes index.3-319-95569-1 Preface -- Notation -- Cosmology -- The expanding universe and its content -- Cosmological observations -- Redshift -- Open problems in cosmology -- The universe in expansion -- Newtonian cosmology -- Relativistic cosmology -- Friedmann equations -- Solutions of the Friedmann equations -- Distances in cosmology -- Thermal history -- Thermal equilibrium and Boltzmann equation -- Short summary of thermal history -- The distribution function -- The entropy density -- Photons -- Neutrinos -- Boltzmann equation -- Boltzmann equation with a collisional term -- Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis -- Recombination and decoupling -- Cosmological perturbations -- From the perturbations of the FLRW metric to the linearised Einstein tensor -- Perturbation of the energy-momentum tensor -- The problem of the gauge and gauge transformations -- Normal mode decomposition -- Einstein equations for scalar perturbations -- Einstein equations for tensor perturbations -- Einstein equations for vector perturbations -- Perturbed Boltzmann equations -- General form of the perturbed Boltzmann equation -- Force term -- The perturbed Boltzmann equation for CDM -- The perturbed Boltzmann equation for massless neutrinos -- The perturbed Boltzmann equation for photons -- Boltzmann equation for baryons -- Initial conditions -- Initial conditions -- Evolution equations in the kn^Inflation -- The flatness problem -- The horizon problem -- Single scalar field slow-roll inflation -- Production of gravitational waves during inflation -- Production of scalar perturbations during inflation -- Spectral indices -- Observational results -- Examples of models of inflation -- Evolution of perturbations -- Evolution on super-horizon scales -- The matter-dominated epoch -- The radiation-dominated epoch -- Deep inside the horizon -- Matching and CDM transfer function -- The transfer function for tensor perturbations -- Anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background -- Free-streaming -- Anisotropies on large scales -- Tight-coupling and acoustic oscillations -- Diffusion damping -- Line-of-sight integration -- Finite thickness effect and reionization -- Cosmological parameters determination -- Tensor contribution to the CMB TT correlation -- Polarisation -- Miscellanea -- Bayesian analysis using type Ia supernovae data -- Doing statistics in the sky -- Appendices -- Thermal distributions -- Derivation of the Poisson distribution -- Helmholtz theorem -- Conservation of R on large scales and for adiabatic perturbations -- Spherical harmonics -- Method of Green’s functions -- Polarisation -- Thomson scattering -- Bibliography -- Subject Index.Cosmology has become a very active research field in the last decades thanks to the impressing improvement of our observational techniques which have led to landmark discoveries such as the accelerated expansion of the universe, and have put physicists in front of new mysteries to unveil, such as the quest after the nature of dark matter and dark energy. These notes offer an approach to cosmology, covering fundamental topics in the field: the expansion of the universe, the thermal history, the evolution of small cosmological perturbations and the anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background radiation. Some extra topics are presented in the penultimate chapter and some standard results of physics and mathematics are available in the last chapter in order to provide a self-contained treatment. These notes offer an in-depth account of the above-mentioned topics and are aimed to graduate students who want to build an expertise in cosmology.UNITEXT for Physics,2198-7882CosmologyGravitationCosmologyhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P22049Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theoryhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/P19070Cosmology.Gravitation.Cosmology.Classical and Quantum Gravitation, Relativity Theory.523.1Piattella Oliverauthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut835358MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910300162003321Lecture Notes in Cosmology1866866UNINA