05169nam 2200661Ia 450 991087704000332120200520144314.01-282-13738-797866121373890-470-45183-10-470-45182-3(CKB)1000000000748564(EBL)433790(OCoLC)609835788(SSID)ssj0000354766(PQKBManifestationID)11233483(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000354766(PQKBWorkID)10316211(PQKB)11770862(MiAaPQ)EBC433790(PPN)140100040(EXLCZ)99100000000074856420081126d2009 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrSolid state polymerization /Constantine D. Papaspyrides, Stamatina N. VouyioukaHoboken, NJ Wileyc20091 online resource (314 p.)Includes index.0-470-08418-9 SOLID STATE POLYMERIZATION; CONTENTS; Contributors; Preface; 1 Fundamentals of Solid State Polymerization; 1.1 Introduction; 1.1.1 Polymers and Plastics; 1.1.2 Polymerization Processes; 1.1.3 Introduction to Solid State Polymerization; 1.2 Solid State Polymerization of Chain-Growth Polymers (Solid State Polyaddition); 1.3 Solid State Polymerization of Step-Growth Polymers (Solid State Polycondensation); 1.3.1 Monomer Solid State Polymerization (Direct SSP); 1.3.2 Prepolymer Solid State Polymerization (Post-SSP, Solid State Finishing); 1.4 Solid State Polymerization Apparatus and Assemblies1.5 Solid State Applications in the Polymer Industry1.5.1 Solid State Polymerization Advantages; 1.5.2 Post-Solid State Polymerization Application in Polyamides; 1.6 Conclusions; 2 Solid State Polymerization Chemistry and Mechanisms: Unequal Reactivity of End Groups; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Special Characteristics of Solid State Polymerization; 2.3 Classical Kinetic Equations in Solid State Polymerization; 2.4 Model of Molecular Morphology and Chain-End Movement; 2.4.1 Definition of Chain-End Length in the Amorphous Phase; 2.4.2 How End Groups Move During Solid State Polymerization2.4.3 How Chain-End Length Affects the Movement of End Groups2.5 Reactivity of End Groups; 2.5.1 Principles of Equal Reactivity of End Groups in Melt Polymerization; 2.5.2 Principles of Unequal Reactivity of End Groups in Solid State Polymerization; 2.5.3 Sources of Low Reactivity of End Groups; 2.6 Why Intrinsic Viscosity Levels Off During Solid State Polymerization; 2.6.1 Definition of Residual Average Radius and Residual End-Group Concentration; 2.6.2 Relationship Between (r) and; 2.6.3 Relationship Between C(r), (r), and Ultimate IV2.6.4 Explanation of Temperature Effect on Solid State Polymerization2.6.5 Explanation of Initial IV Effect on Solid State Polymerization; 2.7 Solid State Polymerization Kinetics; 2.7.1 Kinetic Equation of Ideal Solid State Polymerization; 2.7.2 Empirical Kinetic Equation of Real Solid State Polymerization; 2.8 Conclusions; 3 Kinetic Aspects of Polyester Solid State Polymerization; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Phenomena Involved in Solid State Polymerization of Polyesters; 3.2.1 Possible Reactions in Solid State Polymerization of Polyesters3.2.2 Chain Mobility and Diffusion of Low-Molecular-Weight By-Products3.2.3 Kinetic and Diffusion Equations; 3.3 Modeling Solid State Polymerization of Polyesters; 3.3.1 Effects of Variables and Predictions Based on Kinetic Models; 3.4 Solid State Polymerization of Typical Polyesters; 3.4.1 Poly(ethylene terephthalate); 3.4.2 Poly(butylene terephthalate); 3.4.3 Poly(ethylene naphthalate); 3.4.4 Poly(trimethylene terephthalate); 3.4.5 Poly(L-lactic acid); 3.5 Conclusions; 4 Kinetic Aspects of Polyamide Solid State Polymerization; 4.1 Introduction4.2 Simple Kinetic Models of Solid State PolyamidationThe most current guide to solid state polymerization Solid State Polymerization (SSP)is an indispensable tool in the design, manufacture, and study of polymers, plastics, and fibers. SSP presents significant advantages over other polymerization techniques due to low operating temperatures, inexpensive equipment, and simple and environmentally sound procedures. Combining fundamentals of polymer science, chemistry, physical chemistry, and engineering, SSP also offers many research applications for a wide range of students and investigators. Gathering and filtering the latest literature on SSPolymerizationSolid state chemistryPolymerization.Solid state chemistry.668.9/2UV 2100rvkVE 8000rvkVK 8000rvkVN 5900rvkPapaspyrides Constantine D1760221Vouyiouka Stamatina N1760222MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910877040003321Solid state polymerization4199086UNINA05161nam 22007455 450 991029830540332120200702154946.081-322-1701-210.1007/978-81-322-1701-5(CKB)2550000001199986(EBL)1636802(OCoLC)871777379(SSID)ssj0001169907(PQKBManifestationID)11760913(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001169907(PQKBWorkID)11168383(PQKB)10425419(MiAaPQ)EBC1636802(DE-He213)978-81-322-1701-5(PPN)176126953(EXLCZ)99255000000119998620140114d2014 u| 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrTrees: Propagation and Conservation[electronic resource] Biotechnological Approaches for Propagation of a Multipurpose Tree, Balanites aegyptiaca Del. /by Ankita Varshney, Mohammad Anis1st ed. 2014.New Delhi :Springer India :Imprint: Springer,2014.1 online resource (126 p.)Description based upon print version of record.81-322-1700-4 Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters.Introduction -- Review of Literature -- Material and Methods -- Results -- Discussion -- Summary and Conclusions.Plant tissue culture is an essential component of Biotechnology which has gained unbeatable recognition in plant sciences for successful micropropagation and improvement of plant species, leading to the commercial application. A number of plant species have been investigated around the globe. This book presents current research on the application of in vitro technology in the improvement of Balanites aegyptiaca Del., a medicinal plant of semi-arid tropics. The worldwide importance of forestry, summed to the lengthy generation cycles of tree species, makes unavoidable development of new technologies that complement conventional tree breeding programmes in order to obtain improved genotypes. Recently, a new set of tools has become available in the past 20 years that combined with traditional plant breeding will allow scientists to generate products that are genetically improved varieties of the future. These set of tools come under the general title of ‘Biotechnology’. The three specific biotechnological tools have been successfully used in several programmes of plant conservation, namely, tissue culture techniques for in vitro propagation, the use of molecular markers to assess the degree of variability among population and techniques of long-term conservation such as encapsulation and cryopreservation. Plant tissue culture techniques are particularly relevant and become an alternative not only for large scale propagation of individuals that are threatened, reduce production costs and increase gains to the industry, but also to provide ecological advantages as in phytoremediation or in the establishment of artificial plantings in weed infested site. The book gives a complete documentation of the results and demonstration of Balanites aegyptiaca conducted by the authors over the past 5 years. The end-to-end approach developed through plant tissue culture techniques is reflected in the book and there has been a successful transfer of technology from lab to field. The authors hope that this information would provide valuable data and also be a reference material for future research activities in this area.BotanyBotanySustainable developmentNatural disastersIndustrial engineeringProduction engineeringPlant Scienceshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/L24000Sustainable Developmenthttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/U34000Science, Humanities and Social Sciences, multidisciplinaryhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/A11007Natural Hazardshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/G32000Industrial and Production Engineeringhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/T22008Botany.Botany.Sustainable development.Natural disasters.Industrial engineering.Production engineering.Plant Sciences.Sustainable Development.Science, Humanities and Social Sciences, multidisciplinary.Natural Hazards.Industrial and Production Engineering.333.7516Varshney Ankitaauthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut1058814Anis Mohammadauthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/autBOOK9910298305403321Trees: Propagation and Conservation2502650UNINA