02831nam 2200421z- 450 991022004060332120210212(CKB)3800000000216371(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/61800(oapen)doab61800(EXLCZ)99380000000021637120202102d2017 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierUsing Substances to Enhance Performance: A Psychology of NeuroenhancementFrontiers Media SA20171 online resource (114 p.)Frontiers Research Topics2-88945-075-9 Neuroenhancement (NE) is a behavior conceptualized as the use of a potentially psychoactive substance to enhance ones' already proficient cognitive capacities. Depending on the specific definitions used, prevalence estimates vary greatly between very low 0.3% (for illicit substances) to astonishingly high 89% (for freely available lifestyle substances). These variations indicate that further research and more conceptual and theoretical clarification of the NE construct is dearly needed. The contributions of this research topic aim to do just that. Specific questions addressed are: How prevalent is NE behavior? How can NE research profit from the already more evolved field of social science research on doping in sports? How is NE perceived by the public? What psychological processes and variables play a role in the decision to neuroenhance? A wide array of methodological approaches is used to investigate these questions. The topics contributions range from theoretical to experimental accounts on NE, and they utilize a diverse set of methods ranging from qualitative to neuroscientific approaches. The research presented here represents a first step towards what we have labeled a psychological approach to NE. By addressing the questions above this research topic hopefully advances our understanding of NE behavior. As with every new field of research, new answers always prompt new questions. In light of what we know now about NE, we hope that the findings presented here will be pursued by other researchers in the future. Clearly, the endeavor to understand NE behavior has only just begun.Using Substances to Enhance PerformancePsychologybicsscBehaviorcognitive enhancementDopingneuroenhancementperformance enhancementPsychology612.8Brand RalfWolff WanjaBOOK9910220040603321Using substances to enhance performance3398721UNINA03407nam 2200445z- 450 991022005580332120210212(CKB)3800000000216220(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/57243(oapen)doab57243(EXLCZ)99380000000021622020202102d2016 |y 0engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierProtein Phosphorylation in Health and DiseaseFrontiers Media SA20161 online resource (122 p.)Frontiers Research Topics2-88919-900-2 Protein phosphorylation is one of the most abundant reversible post-translational modifications in eukaryotes. It is involved in virtually all cellular processes by regulating protein function, localization and stability and by mediating protein-protein interactions. Furthermore, aberrant protein phosphorylation is implicated in the onset and progression of human diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. In the last years, tens of thousands of in vivo phosphorylation events have been identified by large-scale quantitative phospho-proteomics experiment suggesting that a large fraction of the proteome might be regulated by phosphorylation. This data explosion is increasingly enabling the development of computational approaches, often combined with experimental validation, aiming at prioritizing phosphosites and assessing their functional relevance. Some computational approaches also address the inference of specificity determinants of protein kinases/phosphatases and the identification of phosphoresidue recognition domains. In this context, several challenging issues are still open regarding phosphorylation, including a better understanding of the interplay between phosphorylation and allosteric regulation, agents and mechanisms disrupting or promoting abnormal phosphorylation in diseases, the identification and modulation of novel phosphorylation inhibitors, and so forth. Furthermore, the determinants of kinase and phosphatase recognition and binding specificity are still unknown in several cases, as well as the impact of disease mutations on phosphorylation-mediated signaling. The articles included in this Research Topic illustrate the very diverse aspects of phosphorylation, ranging from structural changes induced by phosphorylation to the peculiarities of phosphosite evolution. Some also provide a glimpse into the huge complexity of phosphorylation networks and pathways in health and disease, and underscore that a deeper knowledge of such processes is essential to identify disease biomarkers, on one hand, and design more effective therapeutic strategies, on the other.Genetics (non-medical)bicsscbioinformaticsevolutionHuman Diseasekinasesnetwork biologyPhosphatasesProtein phosphorylationprotein structureSystems BiologyGenetics (non-medical)Allegra Viaauth1328842Andreas ZanzoniauthBOOK9910220055803321Protein Phosphorylation in Health and Disease3039020UNINA