04212nam 2200625 450 991015024370332120210209214938.01-283-17326-397866131732630-273-73469-5(CKB)2550000000043470(StDuBDS)AH25270702(SSID)ssj0000543011(PQKBManifestationID)12160377(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000543011(PQKBWorkID)10512237(PQKB)10871721(MiAaPQ)EBC5854124(MiAaPQ)EBC5137861(Au-PeEL)EBL5137861(CaONFJC)MIL317326(OCoLC)1024248769(EXLCZ)99255000000004347020200704d2011 uy 0engur|||||||||||txtccrAsking questions in biology a guide to hypothesis testing, experimental design and presentation in practical work and research projects /Chris Barnard, Francis Gilbert, and Peter McGregorFourth edition.Harlow, England :Benjamin Cummings,[2011]©20111 online resource (x, 248 p. ) illPrevious ed.: 2007.0-273-73468-7 Includes bibliographical references and index.Preface 1 Doing Science Where do questions come from? 1.1 Science as asking questions 1.2 Basic considerations 1.3 The skill of asking questions 1.4 Where do questions come from? 1.5 What is this book about References 2 Asking questions The art of framing hypotheses and predictions 2.1 Observation 2.2 Exploratory analysis 2.3 Forming hypotheses 2.4 Summary References 3 Answering questions What do the results say? 3.1 Confirmatory analysis 3.2 What is statistical significance 3.3 Significance tests 3.4 Testing hypotheses 3.5 Testing predictions 3.6 Refining hypotheses and predictions 3.7 Summary References 4 Presenting information How to communicate outcomes and conclusions 4.1 Presenting figures and tables 4.2 Presenting results in the text 4.3 Writing reports 4.4 Writing for a more general readership 4.5 Presenting in person: spoken papers and poster presentations 4.6 Plagiarism 4.7 Summary References Test finder and help guide Some self-test questions Appendix I: Table of confidence limits to the median Appendix II: How to calculate some simple significance tests Appendix III: Significance tables Appendix IV: The common codes for the important graphical parameters of R Answers to self-test questions Index Quick test findersAsking the right questions in the right way is a fundamental skill in scientific enquiry. This text introduces students of the biological sciences to the skills of observation and enquiry.Asking and answering questions is the cornerstone of science yet formal training in understanding this key process is often overlooked. Asking Questions in Biology unpacks this crucial process of enquiry, from a biological perspective, at its various stages. It begins with an overview of scientific question-asking in general, before moving on to demonstrate how to derive hypotheses from unstructured observations. It then explains in the main sections of the book, how to use statistical tests as tools to analyse data and answer those questions before, finally, showing the best practice in presenting scientific reports. As such, it is an indispensable companion to all students of biology, but particularly those enrolled in courses concerning experimental design; data analysis; hypothesis testing; research methods; or any practical project work.ScienceMethodologyBiologyMethodologyElectronic books.ScienceMethodology.BiologyMethodology.570.72Barnard C. J(Christopher J.),1212813Gilbert Francis S(Francis Sylvest),1956-McGregor Peter K.MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910150243703321Asking questions in biology2800763UNINA