05188nam 22006494a 450 991014455700332120210901104915.01-280-85409-X97866108540973-527-60753-63-527-60700-5(CKB)1000000000377170(EBL)482272(OCoLC)70054438(SSID)ssj0000140421(PQKBManifestationID)11132252(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000140421(PQKBWorkID)10053445(PQKB)11112891(MiAaPQ)EBC482272(EXLCZ)99100000000037717020060628d2005 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrDNA pharmaceuticals[electronic resource] formulation and delivery in gene therapy, DNA vaccination and immunotherapy /edited by Martin SchleefWeinheim Wiley-VCHc20051 online resource (277 p.)Description based upon print version of record.3-527-31187-4 Includes bibliographical references and index.DNA Pharmaceuticals; Preface; Contents; List of Contributors; Abbreviations; 1 DNA Vaccines - An Overview; 1.1 Rationale for DNA Vaccines; 1.2 Preclinical Proof of Concept; 1.3 Clinical Trials; 1.4 Second-Generation Vaccines; 1.5 Conclusions; References; 2 DNA as a Pharmaceutical - Regulatory Aspects; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Quality Requirements for DNA used as a Gene Therapy Product; 2.2.1 Introduction; 2.2.2 Production and Purification; 2.2.2.1 Raw Materials; 2.2.2.2 Antibiotics; 2.2.2.3 Solvents; 2.2.2.4 Fermentation; 2.2.2.5 Purification; 2.2.3 Cell Banking System Procedures2.2.3.1 Generation and Characterization of Master and Working Cell Banks2.2.4 Product Characterization and Quality Criteria; 2.2.4.1 Identity; 2.2.4.2 Purity; 2.2.4.3 Adventitious Agents; 2.2.4.4 Potency; 2.3 Safety Studies for Clinical Trials; 2.3.1 General Considerations; 2.3.2 Conduct of Preclinical Safety Studies; 2.3.2.1 Regulations; 2.3.2.2 Design of an Appropriate Toxicology Program; 2.3.2.3 Single- and Repeat-Dose Toxicity Studies; 2.3.2.4 Safety of the Formulated Plasmid DNA; 2.3.2.5 Specific Safety Considerations; 2.3.2.6 Choice of Animal Model; 2.4 Special Issues2.4.1 Comparability of Plasmid Gene Therapy Products2.4.2 Mixed Plasmid Preparations; 2.4.3 Plasmid Molecular Structure; 2.5 Biosafety Issues and Environmental Risk Assessment; References; 3 From Bulk to Delivery: Plasmid Manufacturing and Storage; 3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 Gene Therapy; 3.1.2 DNA Vaccination; 3.2 Manufacturing of Plasmid DNA; 3.2.1 Bacterial Cultivation; 3.2.2 Plasmid DNA Purification; 3.2.3 Innovative Aspects in Plasmid Manufacturing; 3.3 Quality Control of Plasmid DNA Vectors; 3.3.1 Proteins, Ribonucleic Acid, and Lipopolysaccharides; 3.3.2 Chromosomal DNA3.3.3 Plasmid Identity3.3.4 Plasmid Topology (Structural Homogeneity); 3.4 Plasmid Stability during Storage and Application; 3.4.1 Long-Term Stability of Plasmid DNA; 3.4.2 Lyophilization for Long-Term Storage; 3.4.3 Stability during Application; 3.5 Future Developments; References; 4 Minimized, CpG-Depleted, and Methylated DNA Vectors: Towards Perfection in Nonviral Gene Therapy; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Mammalian Immune System as a Barrier to Nonviral Gene Delivery; 4.3 Strategies to Minimize DNA Vectors4.3.1 Excision of a DNA Fragment Containing a Transgene Expression Cassette from Plasmid DNA4.3.2 Intramolecular Site-Specific Recombination Within a Bacterial Plasmid; 4.3.3 Synthesis of Minimized DNA Vectors by PCR; 4.3.4 Improvement of Minimized DNA Vector Yield and Purity; 4.4 Depletion of CpG Dinucleotides in the Bacterial Vector Backbone; 4.5 Methylation of CpG Dinucleotides in Plasmid DNA; 4.6 Towards an Ideal Nonviral Vector; 4.7 Conclusion; References; 5 Localized Nucleic Acid Delivery: A Discussion of Selected Methods; 5.1 Foreword; 5.2 Nucleic Acid Delivery - What For?5.3 Nucleic Acid Delivery - How?With its focus on a completely novel class of pharmaceuticals, this book collates the hitherto scarce literature about DNA drug formulation keenly desired by biotechnologists, molecular biologists and pharmacists, as well as those working in the biotechnological and pharmaceutical industries.As such, this volume presents a wide range of gene delivery systems needed for different therapeutic applications. It fills the gap between research and clinical trials and describes pharmaceutical fundamentals for the development of efficient DNA pharmaceuticals.DNA vaccinesGene therapyImmunotherapyElectronic books.DNA vaccines.Gene therapy.Immunotherapy.615.372616.0796Schleef M(Martin)872773MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910144557003321DNA pharmaceuticals2197281UNINA05530nam 2200625 450 991082277740332120231101012829.01-58826-921-310.1515/9781588269218(CKB)2670000000347696(EBL)3329057(SSID)ssj0001466954(PQKBManifestationID)11879122(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001466954(PQKBWorkID)11504059(PQKB)10088851(MiAaPQ)EBC3329057(Au-PeEL)EBL3329057(CaPaEBR)ebr10913675(OCoLC)929120017(DE-B1597)623132(DE-B1597)9781588269218(EXLCZ)99267000000034769620140902h20042004 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrBorrowing inequality race, class, and student loans /Derek V. PriceBoulder, Colorado :Lynne Rienner Publishers,2004.©20041 online resource (175 p.)Description based upon print version of record.1-58826-216-2 Includes bibliographical references and index.""Book Title""; ""Table of Contents""; ""List of Tables and Figures""; ""Acknowledgments""; ""Introduction""; ""The Book Chapters at a Glance""; ""1-Higher Education and the Reproduction of Social Inequality""; ""The Dual Purposes of Higher Education""; ""Theoretical Framework""; ""Financial Aid and Postsecondary Opportunities""; ""Reproducing Inequality Through Higher Education""; ""Educational Opportunities and the Impact of Student Loans""; ""2-The Promise of Higher Education and the Reality of Student Debt""; ""The Imbalance Between Individual and Collective Interests""""A Brief History of Financial Aid Policy""""Higher Education: Attainment, Enrollment, and Cost""; ""Public Policy Shapes Individual Choices""; ""Notes""; ""3-Educational Attainment: The Effects of Public Policy and Student Borrowing""; ""Factors That Influence Educational Attainment""; ""Graduate Educational Attainment, College Choices, and Student Debt""; ""Labor Market Returns: Payoffs to the College Degree""; ""Salary Differences in 1997""; ""The Emergent Process of Social Reproduction""; ""Notes""; ""4-The Educational Debt Burden Among College-Educated Workers""""What Is Educational Debt Burden?""""Predicting 1997 Educational Debt Burden""; ""Educational Debt Burden and Social Inequality""; ""Notes""; ""5-Educational Debt and Economic Class Reproduction""; ""Measuring Economic Class Using a Poverty Index""; ""Household Income in 1997""; ""Reproducing Economic ClassInequality Among College Graduates""; ""Conclusion: Economic Class Inequality Among College Graduates""; ""Notes""; ""6-Renewing the Promise: Innovative Policies to Improve Higher Education Opportunity""; ""Renewing the Promise of Higher Education""""An Integrated Vision for Higher Education Policy""""Conclusion: Designing Public Policy to Increase the Social Value of Higher Education""; ""Notes""; ""Appendices""; ""A: Family Income Ranges Corresponding with Economic Class Variable, 1991""; ""B: Logistic Estimates on Earning a Graduate or Professional Degree Within Four Years of Receiving a Bachelorâ€?s Degree""; ""C: Linear Regression Estimates on Total Educational Debt in 1997 Among 1992â€?1993 College Graduates with an Advanced Degree in 1997""""D: Multinomial Estimates of Educational Debt Burden in 1997 Comparison Group: Debt Burden Declined to Zero Between 1994 and 1997""""E: Multiple Regression Estimates on 1997 Poverty Index Among 1992â€?1993 College Graduates""; ""References""; ""Index""; ""About the Book""As the cost of higher education continues to rise, students increasingly rely on borrowing to pay for college. But is the result the improved socioeconomic position that they anticipate? Borrowing Inequality explores the real impact of loans on minority and low-income students. Drawing on a national study of student-borrowing patterns, Derek Price finds that racial and ethnic minorities and low-income students are not only more likely to borrow than their white and upper-income peers, they also are less likely to graduate from high-status institutions and go on to graduate school. In addition, current loan programs so burden student borrowers that their career opportunities are restricted, in effect perpetuating the very patterns of inequality that the programs were intended to alleviate. While the graduates' prospects clearly are higher than they would have been without higher education, the structural pattern of inequality continues to reflect race, ethnic, gender, and class characteristics. Price concludes with provocative proposals for aid policies that would expand the range of college and career choices for students—policies that would in fact support the role of higher education as a vehicle for individual opportunity and social changeStudent loansUnited StatesDiscrimination in higher educationUnited StatesStudent loansDiscrimination in higher education378.3/62Price Derek V.1686128MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910822777403321Borrowing inequality4058778UNINA