06344nam 2200769 450 991014452050332120221206095345.01-282-34325-497866123432540-470-75438-90-470-75439-710.1002/9780470754382(CKB)1000000000687350(EBL)470226(SSID)ssj0000312015(PQKBManifestationID)11232279(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000312015(PQKBWorkID)10330774(PQKB)10530703(MiAaPQ)EBC470226(CaBNVSL)mat08040352(IDAMS)0b00006485f0ec0c(IEEE)8040352(PPN)152584579(OCoLC)232611458(EXLCZ)99100000000068735020171024d2008 uy engur|n|---|||||txtccrTriple play building the converged network for IP, VoIP and IPTV /Francisco J. Hens and José M. CaballeroChichester, England ;Wiley,c2008.[Piscataqay, New Jersey] :IEEE Xplore,[2008]1 online resource (417 p.)Telecoms explained ;2Description based upon print version of record.0-470-75367-6 Includes bibliographical references and index.Preface -- Chapter 1. Business Strategies -- 1.1 Expanding Telco Businesses -- 1.2 Triple Play Applications -- 1.3 Driving Factors of Triple Play -- 1.4 Telcos Strategies -- 1.5 Infrastructures -- 1.6 Triple Play Market -- 1.7 Conclusions -- Chapter 2. IP Telephony -- 2.1 Coding of Voice Signals -- 2.2 Network Performance Parameters -- 2.3 Opinion Quality Rating -- 2.4 Objective Quality Assessment -- 2.5 Market Segments -- Chapter 3. Audiovisual Services -- 3.1 Digital Television -- 3.2 Questioning the IPTV Business Models -- 3.3 Regulatory Framework -- 3.4 Architectural Design -- 3.5 Television and Video Services and Applications -- 3.6 Formats and Protocols -- 3.7 How a Codec Works -- 3.8 Windows Media and VC-1 -- 3.9 Service Provision -- 3.10 Service Assurance -- Chapter 4. Signalling -- 4.1 The Real-time Transport Protocol -- 4.2 The Real-time Control Protocol -- 4.3 The Session Initiation Protocol -- Chapter 5. IP Multicasting -- 5.1 IP Multicast Groups and their Management -- 5.2 Multicast Routing -- Chapter 6. QoS in Packet Networks -- 6.1 QoS Basics -- 6.2 End-to-end Performance Parameters -- 6.3 Marking -- 6.4 Scheduling -- 6.5 Congestion Avoidance -- 6.6 Congestion Control and Recovery -- Chapter 7. QoS Architectures -- 7.1 QoS in ATM Networks -- 7.2 QoS in IP Networks -- Chapter 8. Broadband Access -- 8.1 Broadband Services Over Copper -- 8.2 The Passive Optical Network -- 8.3 Ethernet in the First Mile -- 8.4 Service Provisioning -- Chapter 9. Quadruple Play -- 9.1 Cellular Communications Overview -- 9.2 Wireless Communications Overview -- 9.3 The IP Multimedia Subsystem -- Chapter 10. Carrier-class Ethernet -- 10.1 Ethernet as a MAN/WAN Service -- 10.2 End-to-End Ethernet -- 10.3 Limitations of Bridged Networks -- 10.4 Multiprotocol Label Switching -- 10.5 Migration -- Chapter 11. Next-generation SDH/SONET -- 11.1 Streaming Forces -- 11.2 Legacy and Next-generation SDH -- 11.3 The Next-generation Challenge -- 11.4 Core Transport Services -- 11.5 Generic Framing Procedure.11.6 Concatenation -- 11.7 Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme -- 11.8 Conclusions -- Index."Triple Play" is a combination of Internet access, voice communication (telephony), and entertainment services such as IP television and video on demand. The erosion of the traditional voice service, together with the ever-increasing competition between companies is pushing the telecommunications industry towards a major shift in its business models. Customers want more services in a more flexible way. today, this shift can only be carried out by offering converged services built around the Internet Protocol (IP). Triple Play, a bundle of voice, video, and data services for residential customers, is the basis of this new strategy. Hens and Caballero explain how and why the telecommunications industry is facing this change, how to define, implement and offer these new services, and describe the technology behind the converged network. Triple Play analyses a number of business strategies to minimise costs while infrastructures and offering new services. Triple Play: . Describes the elementary concepts of Triple Play service provision and gives detailed technical information to highlight key aspects. . Discusses access networks, transport, signaling, service definition and business models. . Covers the latest innovations in Triple Play services such as Ethernet in the First Mile (EFM), VDSL2 (Very High Speed DSL second generation), psuedowires and Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS). . Explores video solutions (encoding, IPTV, VoD) alongside transmission and switching technologies (Ethernet, DSL, PON, NG-SDH). . Includes a chapter on IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) and on fixed/mobile convergence. Triple Play: building the Converged Network for IP, VoIP and IPTV provides decision makers, engineers, telecommunications operators, network equipment manufacturers, installers and IT managers with a thorough understanding of the changes of traditional voice service and its impact upon the telecommunications industry.Telecoms explained ;2Computer networksStandardsConvergence (Telecommunication)Internet telephonyInternet televisionComputer network protocolsInternet industryComputer networksStandards.Convergence (Telecommunication)Internet telephony.Internet television.Computer network protocols.Internet industry.384621.382Hens Francisco J.988718Caballero José Manuel988719CaBNVSLCaBNVSLCaBNVSLBOOK9910144520503321Triple play2260750UNINA09833nam 2200745 a 450 991096055920332120251116140734.0978661019227497803091756230309175623978128019227212801922759780309568111030956811097805850308690585030863(CKB)110986584751788(OCoLC)56482551(CaPaEBR)ebrary10057043(SSID)ssj0000266020(PQKBManifestationID)11222036(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000266020(PQKBWorkID)10300930(PQKB)11186209(MiAaPQ)EBC3376765(Au-PeEL)EBL3376765(CaPaEBR)ebr10057043(CaONFJC)MIL19227(OCoLC)814271208(Perlego)4734013(BIP)47174762(EXLCZ)9911098658475178819960410d1996 uy 0engurcn|||||||||txtccrUse of reclaimed water and sludge in food crop production /Committee on the Use of Treated Municipal Wastewater Effluents and Sludge in the Production of Crops for Human Consumption, Water Science and Technology Board, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council1st ed.Washington, D.C. National Academy Press19961 online resource (192 p.)Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph9780309054799 0309054796 Includes bibliographical references.Use of Reclaimed Water and Sludge in Food Crop Production -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- BACKGROUND -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- Adequacy of Existing Regulations for Pathogens in Reclaimed Water and Sludge -- Adequacy of Existing Regulations for Harmful Chemicals in Reclaimed Water and Treated Municipal Sludge -- Reclaimed Water -- Treated Municipal Sludge -- Soil, Crop, and Ground Water Effects -- Reclaimed Water -- Treated Municipal Sludge -- Economic, Legal, and Institutional Issues -- Economic Considerations -- Public Perception and Liability -- Other Regulations and Institutional Controls -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- 1 Introduction -- REFERENCE -- 2 Municipal Wastewater, Sewage Sludge, and Agriculture -- HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES -- Wastewater -- Sewage Sludge -- IRRIGATION WITH RECLAIMED WATER -- Crop Irrigation -- Deemand for Irrigation Water -- Wastewater Reclamation Motivated by Disposal Priorities -- Value of Reclaimed Wastewater -- USE OF SEWAGE SLUDGE IN AGRICULTURE -- Potential Role of Sewage Sludge in Crop Production -- Ecological Linkages Between Urban and Agricultural Systems -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 3 Municipal Wastewater and Sludge Treatment -- QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER EFFLUENT AND SLUDGE -- CONVENTIONAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESSES -- Preliminary Wastewater Treatment -- Primary Wastewater Treatment -- Secondary Wastewater Treatment -- Tertiary or Advanced Wastewater Treatment -- TREATMENT TO FACILITATE CROP IRRIGATION WITH RECLAIMED WATER -- SLUDGE TREATMENT PROCESSES -- Volume Reduction Processes -- Thickening -- Dewatering -- Conditioning -- Drying -- Stabilization Processes -- Biological Stabilization -- Chemical Stabilization -- Inactivation of Pathogenic Organisms and Viruses -- Other Sludge Treatment Processes -- Solidification/Immobilization.Metal Stripping and Toxic Organic Destruction -- Combustion -- Ultimate Sludge Utilization or Disposal -- Integrated Sludge Management Schemes -- INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER PRETREATMENT -- Fate of Toxic Chemicals During Secondary Wastewater Treatment -- Heavy Metals -- Cyanide -- Toxic Organic Chemicals: Volatile and Semivolatile Organic Compounds, Pesticides and PCBs -- Pretreatment -- Pretreatment Goals -- Pretreatment Implementation -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 4 Soil, Crop, and Ground Water Effects -- SLUDGE AS A SOURCE OF PLANT NUTRIENTS -- Nitrogen -- Phosphorus -- Other Essential Plant Nutrients -- TREATED MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER AS A SOURCE OF PLANT NUTRIENTS AND IRRIGATION WATER -- Plant Nutrients -- Irrigation Water Quality Concerns -- EFFECTS OF SLUDGE AND WASTEWATER ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES -- Organic Matter -- Water Retention Properties -- Structure and Aggregation -- Water Transmission Properties -- EFFECTS OF SLUDGE AND WASTEWATER ON SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES -- Soluble Cations, Anions, and Molecules -- Trace Elements -- Accumulation of Potentially Harmful Inorganic Chemicals in Soils and Crops -- Accumulations of Potentially Harmful Organics in Soils and Crops -- EFFECTS OF SLUDGE ON SOIL MICROORGANISMS -- Microbial Biomass and Activity -- Biological Nitrogen Fixation -- EFFECTS ON GROUND WATER -- Pathogenic Microorganisms -- Heavy Metals -- Toxic Organic Compounds -- LANDSCAPE-LEVEL CONSIDERATIONS -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 5 Public Health Concerns About Infectious Disease Agents -- INFECTIOUS DISEASE TRANSMISSION -- INFECTIOUS DISEASE RISK -- MONITORING INFECTIOUS DISEASE POTENTIAL -- PUBLIC HEALTH EXPERIENCE WITH THE USE OF RECLAIMED WATER AND SLUDGE -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 6 Public Health Concerns About Chemical Constituents in Treated Wastewater and Sludge -- FATE OF AND EXPOSURE TO ORGANIC CHEMICALS.Behavior of Toxic Organics in the Soil -- Uptake of Toxic Organics by Plants -- Phthalate Esters -- Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), -- Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs). -- Chlorinated Pesticides -- Disinfection Products -- Acid-Extractable Organic Compounds -- Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins (CDDs) and Dibenzofurans (CDFs). -- Volatile Aromatic Compounds (VOC) -- Generalizations Regarding Uptake of Organics by Plants -- Uptake of Toxic Organics by Animals -- FATE OF AND EXPOSURE TO TRACE ELEMENTS IN SLUDGE -- Uptake of Trace Elements by Animals -- NONSPECIFIC HEALTH EFFECTS OF SLUDGE AND WASTEWATER -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 7 Regulations Governing Agricultural Use of Municipal Wastewater and Sludge -- REGULATORY BACKGROUND -- Agricultural Irrigation with Wastewater -- Agricultural Use of Sewage Sludge -- FEDERAL STANDARDS FOR THE CONTROL OF PATHOGENS IN SEWAGE SLUDGE -- APPROACHES TO TOXIC CHEMICAL REGULATION IN SLUDGE AND WASTEWATER LAND APPLICATION -- Preventing Toxic Chemical Pollutant Accumulation in Soils -- Allowing Pollutant Accumulation in the Soil -- DEVELOPMENT OF U.S. CHEMICAL POLLUTANT STANDARDS FOR AGRICULTURAL USE OF SEWAGE SLUDGE -- General Approach to Risk Assessment -- Hazard Identification -- Dose-Response Assessment -- Exposure Evaluation -- Risk Characterization -- EPA's Risk Assessment Approach -- Hazard Identification -- Exposure Assessment -- Risk Characterization -- EVALUATION OF FEDERAL STANDARDS FOR CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS IN SEWAGE SLUDGE -- Justification for Exempting Organic Pollutants From Regulation Should be Confirmed -- APLRs May Cause Maximum Permissible Loading Limits to be Exceeded -- Food Safety is not Likely to be Affected by the Regulations -- REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE FOR AGRICULTURAL USE OF MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER -- Evolution of Regulations Governing Irrigation with Treated Municipal Wastewater.General Description of the State Regulations -- Adequacy of Current Regulations for Reclaimed Water -- SUMMARY -- Pathogen Regulations for Sludge -- Toxic Chemicals Regulations for Sludge -- Regulations for Effluent Irrigation -- REFERENCES -- 8 Economic, Legal, and Institutional Issues -- ECONOMIC INCENTIVES FOR LAND APPLICATION OF TREATED MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER AND SLUDGE -- POTW Economic Perspectives -- Farm Economics of Treated Wastewater and Sludge Use -- Food Processor Perspectives -- MANAGING RESIDUAL RISKS -- Residual Risks -- Public Concerns to be Addressed -- Risk Management: Private Sector -- Common Law Liability -- Market Forces -- Voluntary Self-Regulation -- OTHER, RELATED GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS -- Toxic Waste Segregation, Waste Collection, and Treatment -- Treated Effluent and Sludge Discharge Management Options -- Surface and Ground Water Protection -- Public Health Protection for Harvested Crops -- Analysis for Regulatory Gaps and Overlap -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- Appendix -- COMMITTEE MEMBER BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION.The debate over health and aesthetic concerns about using treated waste to fertilize human food crops is well over a century old. In 1993 the US Environmental Protection Agency asked for an update of the situation, in light of the food industry's continuing hesitation a decade after the EPA deemed the practice safe. Among the topics discussed are the history and technology of wastewater treatment, effects on soils and crops, public health concerns, existing regulations, and economic and liability issues. Not addressed are the extensive efforts of chemical fertilizer producers to keep people worried. No index. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, ORSewage sludge as fertilizerSewage sludge as fertilizerEnvironmental aspectsSewage sludge as fertilizerHealth aspectsSewage sludge as fertilizer.Sewage sludge as fertilizerEnvironmental aspects.Sewage sludge as fertilizerHealth aspects.National Research Council (U.S.).Committee on the Use of Treated Municipal Wastewater Effluents and Sludge in the Production of Crops for Human Consumption.MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910960559203321Use of reclaimed water and sludge in food crop production4367759UNINA