03914nam 22005175 450 991016394250332120221129170138.01-4008-8569-810.1515/9781400885695(CKB)3710000001021034(MiAaPQ)EBC4855764(DE-B1597)480242(OCoLC)979781039(DE-B1597)9781400885695(EXLCZ)99371000000102103420190708d2017 fg engurcnu||||||||rdacontentrdamediardacarrierEcological Stoichiometry The Biology of Elements from Molecules to the Biosphere /James J. Elser, Robert W. SternerPrinceton, NJ :Princeton University Press,[2017]©20031 online resource (440 pages) illustrations, tables0-691-07491-7 0-691-07490-9 Includes bibliographical references and index.Frontmatter --Contents --List of Figures --List of Tables --Foreword --Preface --1. Stoichiometry and Homeostasis --2. Biological Chemistry: Building Cells from Elements --3. The Stoichiometry of Autotroph Growth: Variation at the Base of Food Webs --4. How to Build an Animal: The Stoichiometry of Metazoans --5. Imbalanced Resources and Animal Growth --6. The Stoichiometry of Consumer-Driven Nutrient Recycling --7. Stoichiometry in Communities: Dynamics and Interactions --8. Big-Scale Stoichiometry: Ecosystems in Space and Time --9. Recapitulation and Integration --Appendix --Literature Cited --IndexAll life is chemical. That fact underpins the developing field of ecological stoichiometry, the study of the balance of chemical elements in ecological interactions. This long-awaited book brings this field into its own as a unifying force in ecology and evolution. Synthesizing a wide range of knowledge, Robert Sterner and Jim Elser show how an understanding of the biochemical deployment of elements in organisms from microbes to metazoa provides the key to making sense of both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. After summarizing the chemistry of elements and their relative abundance in Earth's environment, the authors proceed along a line of increasing complexity and scale from molecules to cells, individuals, populations, communities, and ecosystems. The book examines fundamental chemical constraints on ecological phenomena such as competition, herbivory, symbiosis, energy flow in food webs, and organic matter sequestration. In accessible prose and with clear mathematical models, the authors show how ecological stoichiometry can illuminate diverse fields of study, from metabolism to global change. Set to be a classic in the field, Ecological Stoichiometry is an indispensable resource for researchers, instructors, and students of ecology, evolution, physiology, and biogeochemistry. From the foreword by Peter Vitousek: ? "[T]his book represents a significant milestone in the history of ecology. . . . Love it or argue with it--and I do both--most ecologists will be influenced by the framework developed in this book. . . . There are points to question here, and many more to test . . . And if we are both lucky and good, this questioning and testing will advance our field beyond the level achieved in this book. I can't wait to get on with it."BiochemistryStoichiometryMolecular ecologyBiochemistry.Stoichiometry.Molecular ecology.572Sterner Robert W.1208664Vitousek Peter M771340Elser James J.DE-B1597DE-B1597BOOK9910163942503321Ecological Stoichiometry2788532UNINA05282nam 2200613 a 450 991014351090332120251116150257.01-280-27392-597866102739280-470-32240-30-470-87123-70-470-87124-5(CKB)111087027141074(EBL)219700(OCoLC)53914732(SSID)ssj0000157581(PQKBManifestationID)11182710(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000157581(PQKBWorkID)10139172(PQKB)10915024(MiAaPQ)EBC219700(EXLCZ)9911108702714107420040331d2003 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrFoundations of risk analysis a knowledge and decision-oriented perspective /Terje AvenChichester ;Hoboken, NJ John Wiley & Sonsc20031 online resource (208 p.)Wiley Series in Probability and StatisticsDescription based upon print version of record.0-471-49548-4 Includes bibliographical references (p. [179]-185) and index.Foundations of Risk Analysis; Contents; Preface; 1 Introduction; 1.1 The Importance of Risk and Uncertainty Assessments; 1.2 The Need to Develop a Proper Risk Analysis Framework; Bibliographic Notes; 2 Common Thinking about Risk and Risk Analysis; 2.1 Accident Risk; 2.1.1 Accident Statistics; 2.1.2 Risk Analysis; 2.1.3 Reliability Analysis; 2.2 Economic Risk; 2.2.1 General Definitions of Economic Risk in Business and Project Management; 2.2.2 A Cost Risk Analysis; 2.2.3 Finance and Portfolio Theory; 2.2.4 Treatment of Risk in Project Discounted Cash Flow Analysis2.3 Discussion and Conclusions2.3.1 The Classical Approach; 2.3.2 The Bayesian Paradigm; 2.3.3 Economic Risk and Rational Decision-Making; 2.3.4 Other Perspectives and Applications; 2.3.5 Conclusions; Bibliographic Notes; 3 How to Think about Risk and Risk Analysis; 3.1 Basic Ideas and Principles; 3.1.1 Background Information; 3.1.2 Models and Simplifications in Probability Considerations; 3.1.3 Observable Quantities; 3.2 Economic Risk; 3.2.1 A Simple Cost Risk Example; 3.2.2 Production Risk; 3.2.3 Business and Project Management; 3.2.4 Investing Money in a Stock Market3.2.5 Discounted Cash Flow Analysis3.3 Accident Risk; Bibliographic Notes; 4 How to Assess Uncertainties and Specify Probabilities; 4.1 What Is a Good Probability Assignment?; 4.1.1 Criteria for Evaluating Probabilities; 4.1.2 Heuristics and Biases; 4.1.3 Evaluation of the Assessors; 4.1.4 Standardization and Consensus; 4.2 Modelling; 4.2.1 Examples of Models; 4.2.2 Discussion; 4.3 Assessing Uncertainty of Y; 4.3.1 Assignments Based on Classical Statistical Methods; 4.3.2 Analyst Judgements Using All Sources of Information; 4.3.3 Formal Expert Elicitation; 4.3.4 Bayesian Analysis4.4 Uncertainty Assessments of a Vector X4.4.1 Cost Risk; 4.4.2 Production Risk; 4.4.3 Reliability Analysis; 4.5 Discussion and Conclusions; Bibliographic Notes; 5 How to Use Risk Analysis to Support Decision-Making; 5.1 What Is a Good Decision?; 5.1.1 Features of a Decision-Making Model; 5.1.2 Decision-Support Tools; 5.1.3 Discussion; 5.2 Some Examples; 5.2.1 Accident Risk; 5.2.2 Scrap in Place or Complete Removal of Plant; 5.2.3 Production System; 5.2.4 Reliability Target; 5.2.5 Health Risk; 5.2.6 Warranties; 5.2.7 Offshore Development Project; 5.2.8 Risk Assessment: National Sector5.2.9 Multi-Attribute Utility Example5.3 Risk Problem Classification Schemes; 5.3.1 A Scheme Based on Potential Consequences and Uncertainties; 5.3.2 A Scheme Based on Closeness to Hazard and Level of Authority; Bibliographic Notes; 6 Summary and Conclusions; Appendix A Basic Theory of Probability and Statistics; A.1 Probability Theory; A.1.1 Types of Probabilities; A.1.2 Probability Rules; A.1.3 Random Quantities (Random Variables); A.1.4 Some Common Discrete Probability Distributions (Models); A.1.5 Some Common Continuous Distributions (Models)A.1.6 Some Remarks on Probability Models and Their ParametersEveryday we face decisions that carry an element of risk and uncertainty. The ability to analyse, communicate and control the level of risk entailed by these decisions remains one of the most pressing challenges to the analyst, scientist and manager. This book presents the foundational issues in risk analysis - expressing risk, understanding what risk means, building risk models, addressing uncertainty, and applying probability models to real problems. The principal aim of the book is to give the reader the knowledge and basic thinking they require to approach risk and uncertainty to support dWiley Series in Probability and StatisticsRisk assessmentStatistical methodsRisk assessmentStatistical methods.519.5Aven Terje44036MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910143510903321Foundations of risk analysis748054UNINA