05175nam 2200517 450 991013753620332120230621135656.09782889194209 (ebook)(CKB)3710000000569652(WaSeSS)IndRDA00059224(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/50647(EXLCZ)99371000000056965220160721d2015 uy engur|||||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierInvisible, but how? the depth of unconscious processing as inferred from different suppression techniques. /topic editors, Julien Dubois and Nathan FaivreFrontiers Media SA2015[Lausanne, Switzerland] :Frontiers Media SA,2015.1 online resource (143 pages) illustrations; digital, PDF file(s)Frontiers Research TopicsIncludes bibliographical references.To what level are invisible stimuli processed by the brain in the absence of conscious awareness? It is widely accepted that simple visual properties of invisible stimuli are processed; however, the existence of higher-level unconscious processing (e.g., involving semantic or executive functions) remains a matter of debate. Three major factors may underlie the discrepancies found in the literature: 1) different levels of conservativeness in the definition of “unconscious;” 2) different dependent measures of unconscious processing; and 3) inherent differences in the amount of information let through by different suppression techniques. In this research topic we are particularly interested in the third factor.Researchers using visual masking and researchers using interocular suppression disagree on the extent of unconscious processing as measured by priming effects. On the one hand, the community of researchers using visual masking seems to have reached the consensus that “subliminal priming has now been convincingly demonstrated at visual, semantic, and motor levels” (Dehaene and Changeux). On the other hand, in an influential review, Blake and Logothetis claimed that for high-level cognitive processes, “[interocular] suppression renders normally effective priming stimuli impotent“. Stein and Sterzer came to similar conclusions in a more recent contribution. However, these claims are challenged by empirical evidence for unconscious processing under interocular suppression using other dependent variables, e.g., conditioning and perceptual learning. Hence, the picture is not as clear cut as priming studies may suggest.Neuroimaging studies (e.g., functional MRI) offer another window on the extent of unconscious processing. Kouider et al. found that faces masked with a combination of forward and backward pattern masks elicited a BOLD response in the Fusiform Face Area (FFA). Jiang and He also reported that the fusiform face area (FFA) was active in response to faces rendered invisible by continuous flash suppression. Though Sterzer, Haynes and Rees did not replicate this finding with univariate analyses, they could discriminate invisible faces from invisible houses in the fusiform face area using multivariate pattern analysis. Thus it appears that there is unconscious processing of invisible faces in the FFA whether visual masking or interocular suppression is used; the amount of processing may differ between the two techniques, as suggested by the necessity of performing decoding when interocular suppression is used.In the same conditions of well-controlled, conservatively established subjective invisibility, can we show that some of the techniques in the “psychophysical magic” arsenal (e.g., masking, but also visual crowding, attentional blink, etc.) reliably lead to higher-level unconscious processing than others (e.g., interocular suppression)? Some authors have started investigating this question, using multiple techniques in similar settings . We argue that this approach should be extended. Indeed, in order to delineate the frontiers of the unconscious mind using a contrastive method, one has to disentangle the limits attributable to unawareness itself, and those attributable to the technique inducing unawareness. The scope of this research topic is to provide a platform for scientists to contribute insights and further experiments addressing this fundamental question.SubconsciousnessUnconscious (Psychology)Continuous Flash Suppression (CFS)psychophysical magicunconscious processingvisual crowdingbackward maskingmeasures of consciousnessinterocular suppressioninvisibilitySubconsciousness.Unconscious (Psychology)Nathan Faivreauth1365485Dubois JulienFaivre NathanWaSeSSWaSeSSUkMaJRU9910137536203321Invisible, but how3387424UNINA04423oam 2200709 c 450 99630878440331620240424230148.03-8394-0407-X10.14361/9783839404072(CKB)3710000000439181(EBL)4348007(SSID)ssj0001595403(PQKBManifestationID)16287921(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001595403(PQKBWorkID)14881027(PQKB)10923185(MiAaPQ)EBC4348007(DE-B1597)455744(OCoLC)931871354(OCoLC)999360485(DE-B1597)9783839404072(MiAaPQ)EBC6695151(Au-PeEL)EBL6695151(OCoLC)1110434612(ScCtBLL)62127b44-9842-4d15-9ccb-821ed4362848(transcript Verlag)9783839404072(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/33519(EXLCZ)99371000000043918120220221d2015 uy 0gerur|n|---|||||txtccrNichtregierungsorganisationen, soziale Bewegungen und Global GovernanceEine kritische BestandsaufnahmeArmin Stickler1st ed.Bielefeldtranscript Verlag20151 online resource (432 p.)Global StudiesDescription based upon print version of record.3-89942-407-7 Includes bibliographical references.Frontmatter 1 Inhalt 5 Danksagung 10 1. Einleitung 11 2. Internationale NGOs: Begriff, Entwicklung, Strukturen 23 3. NGOs und soziale Bewegungen: Der Beitrag der Bewegungsforschung 91 4. Der Diskurs um Global Governance: NGOs als Global Players in Verhandlungssystemen 163 5. Zwischenfazit 233 6. Theorien der Weltgesellschaft 237 7. Organisation und Herrschaft: Das Organisationsverhältnis im modernen Weltsystem 333 8. Annäherungen an ein organisations- und herrschaftstheoretisches Verständnis von NGOs im modernen Weltsystem 369 9. Literatur 383 Backmatter 429Mit der Globalisierungsthematik sind seit den 1990er Jahren Nichtregierungsorganisationen (NGOs) in den Mittelpunkt des Interesses sowohl der Politik als auch der Sozialwissenschaften gerückt. Oftmals wurden NGOs dabei als Träger der Hoffnungen auf Entfaltung zivilgesellschaftlicher Entwicklungen in der Weltgesellschaft betrachtet. Die vorliegende Studie analysiert die inzwischen ausdifferenzierte Debatte um NGOs und zeigt kritisch deren theoretische Defizite auf, indem verschiedene Theorien der Weltgesellschaft sowie der herrschaftskritischen Organisationstheorie auf innovative Weise zusammengeführt werden. NGOs erscheinen so eben nicht als Gegenspieler der Globalisierung, sondern als Vermittler der universalistisch-rationalistischen Grundstruktur der Moderne. Ihre Einbettung in das hegemoniale Doppelkonzept von »dialogischen Verfahren« und »formaler Organisierung« verhindert, dass emanzipatorische Alternativen auf globaler Ebene relevant werden.»Das Buch ist gut und lohnt zu lesen.« contraste, 10 (2007) Besprochen in: Forschungsjournal NSB, 19/1 (2006),Stephanie Schmoliner www.kno.de, Henrik Flor Direct-Action-Kalender, 2008Global studies (Bielefeld, Germany)Nichtregierungsorganisationen; Weltgesellschaft; Soziale Bewegungen; Globalisierung; Zivilgesellschaft; Politik; Politische Soziologie; Politikwissenschaft; Social Movements; Globalization; Civil Society; Politics; Political Sociology; Political Science;Civil Society.Globalization.Political Science.Political Sociology.Politics.Nichtregierungsorganisationen; Weltgesellschaft; Soziale Bewegungen; Globalisierung; Zivilgesellschaft; Politik; Politische Soziologie; Politikwissenschaft; Social Movements; Globalization; Civil Society; Politics; Political Sociology; Political Science;341.2MD 6500rvkStickler Arminaut991625DE-B1597DE-B1597BOOK996308784403316Nichtregierungsorganisationen, soziale Bewegungen und Global Governance2269458UNISA04648nam 22006855 450 991029835040332120200630053558.01-4939-1154-610.1007/978-1-4939-1154-7(CKB)3710000000225191(EBL)1802625(SSID)ssj0001338296(PQKBManifestationID)11742988(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001338296(PQKBWorkID)11337961(PQKB)10538152(MiAaPQ)EBC1802625(DE-He213)978-1-4939-1154-7(PPN)180623788(EXLCZ)99371000000022519120140823d2014 u| 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrGlycobiology of the Nervous System /edited by Robert K. Yu, Cara-Lynne Schengrund1st ed. 2014.New York, NY :Springer New York :Imprint: Springer,2014.1 online resource (590 p.)Advances in Neurobiology,2190-5215 ;9Description based upon print version of record.1-322-13328-X 1-4939-1153-8 Includes bibliographical references and index.Introduction to the Complexity of Cell Surface and Tissue Matrix Glycoconjugates -- Introduction to Cells Comprising the Nervous System -- Synthesis, Processing, and Function of N-glycans in N-glycoproteins -- Synthesis of O-linked Glycoconjugates in the Nervous System -- Chemistry and Function of Glycosaminoglycans in the Nervous System -- Use of Glycan-targeted Antibodies/Lectins to Study the Expression/Function of Glycosyltransferases in the Nervous System -- From Mass Spectrometry-based Glycosylation Analysis to Glycomics and Glycoproteomic -- Structural Analysis of Oligosaccharides and Glycoconjugates using NMR -- Glycolipid and Glycoprotein Expression During Neural Development -- Gangliosides and Cell Surface Ganglioside Glycohydrolases in the Nervous System -- Role of Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein (Siglec-4a) in the Nervous System -- Role of Galactosylceramide and Sulfatide in Oligodendrocytes and CNS Myelin: Formation of a Glycosynapse -- Glycosignaling – A General Review -- Glycosphingolipids in the Regulation of the Nervous System -- Glycobiology of Ion Transport in the Nervous System -- O-GlcNAcylation of Neuronal Proteins: Roles in Neuronal Functions and in Neurodegeneration -- N-glycosylation in Regulation of the Nervous System -- Roles of Carbohydrates in the Interaction of Pathogens with Neural Cells -- Glycoconjugate Changes in Aging and Age-related Diseases -- Gangliosides and Glycolipids in Neurodegenerative Disorders -- Glycosidases: Inborn Errors of Glycosphingolipid Catabolism -- Ganglioside Storage Diseases: On the Road to Management -- Dynamic Aspects of Neural Tumor Gangliosides -- Galectins and Neuroinflammation -- Glycoconjugates and Neuroimmunological Diseases.A thorough introduction is provided to the variety and complexity of the roles that glycoconjugates play in the cells of the nervous system. Basic information as well as the latest developments in neural glycobiology are discussed. Topics covered range from the structure and metabolism of the saccharide chains and current approaches used in their study, to changes glycoconjugates undergo during development and aging of the nervous system and the roles they have in neurological disease. The breadth and depth of topics covered make it an essential reference for those new to the field as well more seasoned investigators.Advances in Neurobiology,2190-5215 ;9NeurosciencesNeurobiologyNeurochemistryNeuroscienceshttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/B18006Neurobiologyhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/L25066Neurochemistryhttps://scigraph.springernature.com/ontologies/product-market-codes/B18010Neurosciences.Neurobiology.Neurochemistry.Neurosciences.Neurobiology.Neurochemistry.572.567Yu Robert Kedthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edtSchengrund Cara-Lynneedthttp://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/edtMiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910298350403321Glycobiology of the Nervous System2975430UNINA