03818nam 2200625 450 991013753320332120230621135619.09782889195657 (ebook)(CKB)3710000000569663(SSID)ssj0001666247(PQKBManifestationID)16455174(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001666247(PQKBWorkID)15000165(PQKB)11743784(WaSeSS)IndRDA00056289(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/42835(EXLCZ)99371000000056966320160829d2015 uy |engur|||||||||||txtccrCD4+ T cell differentiation in infection[electronic resource] amendments to the Th1/Th2 axiom /edited by Dragana Jankovic and Carl G. FengFrontiers Media SA2015France :Frontiers Media SA,20151 online resource (111 pages) colour illustrationsFrontiers Research TopicsBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: MonographIncludes bibliographical references.CD4+ T lymphocytes play an essential role in host defense against bacterial, parasitic and viral infections. During infection, under the influence of intrinsic signals received through peptide-MHC/TCR interactions and extrinsic signals provided by pathogen-conditioned dendritic and other accessory cells, CD4+ T cells proliferate and differentiate into specialized T helper (Th) effectors, which produce distinct sets of cytokines tailored to combat a specific class of microbes. The concept of CD4+ T cell multi-functionality was developed after the seminal discovery of Th1 and Th2 cells nearly 30 years ago. Although the Th1/Th2 paradigm has successfully withstood the test of time, in the past decade additional Th subsets (Th17, Tfh, Th22, Th9) have been identified. Similarly, single cell analyses of cytokines and master transcriptional factors have revealed that, at the population level, CD4+ T cell responses are far more heterogeneous than initially anticipated. While some of the checkpoints in Th cell specification have been identified, recent studies of transcriptional and epigenetic regulation have uncovered a significant flexibility during the course CD4+ T lymphocyte polarization. In addition, Th cells expressing cytokines with counteracting functions, as a measure of self-regulation, display yet another level of diversity. Understanding the mechanisms that control the balance between stability vs. plasticity of Th effectors both at the time of initiation of immune response and during development of CD4 T cell memory is critical for the rational design of better vaccines and new immunotherapeutic strategies. This research topic will cover current views on Th cell development, with a focus on the mechanisms that govern differentiation, function and regulation of effector Th cells in the context of microbial infections.Clinical ImmunologyHILCCMedicineHILCCHealth & Biological SciencesHILCCInfectionDendritic CellsCytokinesImmunoregulationCD4 lymphocytesMemorylong noncoding RNAMacrophagesMetabolismTh1 Th2Clinical ImmunologyMedicineHealth & Biological SciencesCarl G Fengauth1366255Feng Carl GJankovic DraganaPQKBUkMaJRU9910137533203321CD4+ T cell differentiation in infection3388739UNINA