04656oam 2200481 450 991013640650332120230621140709.09782889194629 (ebook)(CKB)3710000000612042(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/49055(EXLCZ)99371000000061204220191103c2015uuuu uu engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierHabituation mechanisms and their impact on cognitive function /Susanne Schmid, Donald A. Wilson and Catharine H. RankinFrontiers Media SA2015Switzerland :Frontiers Media SA,20151 online resource (110 pages) b illustrations; digital, PDF file(s)Frontiers Research TopicsIncludes bibliographical references.Habituation describes the progressive decrease of the amplitude or frequency of a motor response to repeated sensory stimulation that is not caused by sensory receptor adaptation or motor fatigue. Habituation can occur in different time scales: habituation within a testing session has been termed short-term habituation, whereas habituation across testing sessions has been termed long-term habituation. Generally, the more spaced the stimuli for inducing habituation are presented (i.e. the slower habituation is induced), the longer it seems to take to recover the behavioural response to its initial magnitude. Habituation is opposed by behavioural sensitization, which is thought to be an independent mechanism that leads to an increased behavioural response, especially if the sensory stimulus is annoying or aversive. Habituation provides an important mechanism for filtering sensory information, as it allows filtering out irrelevant stimuli and thereby focussing on important stimuli, a prerequisite for many cognitive tasks. The importance is demonstrated in mental disorders that are associated with disruptions in habituation, e.g. schizophrenia and autism spectrum disorders. The inability to filter out irrelevant information in patients with these disorders strongly correlates with disruptions in higher cognitive functions, such as in different types of memory and attention. Habituation is also considered to be the most basic form of non-associative implicit learning, and it can be observed throughout the animal kingdom. Based on the importance of habituation for cognitive function and therefore for the survival of an animal, it is assumed that habituation mechanisms are highly conserved across species. On the other hand, there is emerging evidence for a multitude of homo- and heterosynaptic mechanisms underlying habituation, depending on the modality of sensory stimulation, the level of sensory information processing where habituation occurs, and the temporal composition of sensory stimulation. Eric Kandel used the sea hare Aplysia in order to study habituation mechanisms of the gill withdrawal reflex; however, the molecular mechanisms remain largely elusive to date. A multitude of different organisms, behaviours, and experimental approaches have been used since in order to study habituation, but still surprisingly little is known about the underlying mechanisms. New insights also come from an unexpected side: in the recent past, groups that have been studying molecular mechanisms underlying short- and long-term synaptic plasticity phenomenons in different parts of the rodent brain are starting to link these plasticity processes to behavioural habituation. The scope of this Frontier Research Topic is to give an overview over the concept of habituation, different animal and behavioural models used for studying habituation mechanisms, as well as the different synaptic and molecular processes suggested to play a role in behavioural habituation through Original Research Articles, Methods, Hypothesis & Theory Articles, and Reviews.Learning and memoryHabituationSensorimotor gatingstartlelearning and memoryhabituationspike adaptationsynaptic mechanismanimal modelLearning and memory.Habituation.Susanne Schmidauth1364866Schmid SusanneWilson Donald A.Rankin Catharine H.UkMaJRU9910136406503321Habituation mechanisms and their impact on cognitive function3386309UNINA02638nam 22006852 450 991078216130332120221010230547.01-4473-0150-11-281-38542-597866113854221-84742-302-710.56687/9781847423023(CKB)1000000000535165(EBL)419245(OCoLC)476249489(SSID)ssj0000106717(PQKBManifestationID)11133875(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000106717(PQKBWorkID)10111233(PQKB)11784696(UtOrBLW)PPO00031(Au-PeEL)EBL419245(CaPaEBR)ebr10281270(CaONFJC)MIL138542(MdBmJHUP)musev2_80291(UkCbUP)CR9781847423023(DE-B1597)646266(DE-B1597)9781847423023(MiAaPQ)EBC419245(EXLCZ)99100000000053516520220816d2007|||| uy| 0engur|||||||||||txtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierAssessing the use and impact of anti-social behaviour orders /Roger Matthews [and others][electronic resource]Bristol :Policy Press,2007.1 online resource (vii, 70 pages) digital, PDF file(s)Researching criminal justice seriesTitle from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 15 Sep 2022).1-84742-057-5 Includes bibliographical references.Assessing the use and impact of Anti-Social Behaviour Orders; Contents; List of figures and tables; Preface; Acknowledgements; 1. Introduction; 2. Views from agencies; 3. The impact on offenders; 4. The impact on communities and victims; 5. Conclusion; References.This book provides one of the first assessments of the widely used but extremely controversial Anti-Social Behaviour Orders (ASBOs) as a method for dealing with anti-social behaviour in the UK.Researching criminal justice series.Disorderly conductGreat BritainNuisancesGreat BritainBreach of the peaceGreat BritainDisorderly conductNuisancesBreach of the peace364.1430941Matthews Roger1948-879183UkCbUPUkCbUPBOOK9910782161303321Assessing the use and impact of anti-social behaviour orders3700547UNINA