04235oam 2200505 450 991013638980332120230621140742.09782889195879 (ebook)(CKB)3710000000612025(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/46665(EXLCZ)99371000000061202520191103c2015uuuu uu |engurmn|---annantxtrdacontentcrdamediacrrdacarrierEpigenetic modifications and viral infections /edited by Silvia Carolina Galvan, Alejandro García Carrancá, Félix Recillas-Targa and Jiuzhou SongFrontiers Media SA2015Switzerland :Frontiers Media SA,20151 online resource (111 pages) illustrationsFrontiers Research TopicsIncludes bibliographical references.Epigenetics is defined as the study of modifications of the genome, heritable during cell division that does not involve changes in DNA sequences. Up to date, epigenetic modifications involve at least three general mechanisms regulating gene expression: histone modifications, DNA methylation, and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).For the past two decades, an explosion in our interest and understanding of epigenetic mechanisms has been seen. This mainly based on the influence that epigenetic alterations have on an amazing number of biological processes, such as gene expression, imprinting, programmed DNA rearrangements, germ line silencing, developmentally cued stem cell division, and overall chromosomal stability and identity.It has become also evident that the constant exposure of living organisms to environment factors affects their genomes through epigenetic mechanisms. Viruses infecting animal cells are thought to play central roles in shaping the epigenetic scenario of infected cells. In this context it has become obvious that knowing the impact that viral infections have on the epigenetic control of their host cells will certainly lead to a better understanding of the interplay viruses have with animal cells.In fact, DNA viruses use host transcription factors as well as epigenetic regulators in such a way that they affect epigenetic control of gene expression that extends to host gene expression. At the same time, animal cells employ mechanisms controlling transcription factors and epigenetic processes, in order to eliminate viral infections. In summary, epigenetic mechanisms are involved in most virus-cell interactions.We now know that some viruses exhibit epigenetic immune evasion mechanisms to survive and propagate in their host; however, there is still much ambiguity over these epigenetic mechanisms of viral immune evasion, and most of the discovered mechanisms are still incomplete. Other animal viruses associated to cancer often deregulate cellular epigenetic mechanisms, silencing cellular tumor-suppressor genes and/or activating either viral or host cell oncogenes. In addition, in several cancers the down-regulation of tumor suppressor protein-coding genes and ncRNAs with growth inhibitory functions, such as miRNAs, have been closely linked to the presence of cell CpG island promoter hypermethylation.The goal of the aforementioned Research Topic is to bring together the key experimental and theoretical research, linking state-of-the-art knowledge about the epigenetic mechanisms involved in animal virus-cell interactions.EpigeneticsDNA MethylationNGS technologyhistone modificationMethyltransferasesImmune SystemepigeneticInterference RNAvirusOncolytic VirotherapyDNase I hypersensitive sitesEpigenetics.Alejandro Garcia Carrancaauth1366088Galvan Silvia CarolinaCarrancá Alejandro GarcíaRecillas-Targa FélixSong JiuzhouUkMaJRU9910136389803321Epigenetic modifications and viral infections3388522UNINA