00938cam0-2200313---450-99000511799040332120070220140304.0000511799FED01000511799(Aleph)000511799FED0100051179919990604d1886----km-y0itay50------baengGBy-------001yy<<A >>short history of our own timesfrom the accession of queen Victoria to the general election of 1880by Justin McCarthy6. ed.LondonChatto & Windus1886448 p.20 cmInghilterraStoriaEtà vittoriana941.08McCarthy,Justin<1830-1912>204698ITUNINARICAUNIMARCBK990005117990403321941.08 MCA 1S.I.FLFBCFLFBCShort history of our own times533919UNINA03495nam 2200661Ia 450 991046288580332120200520144314.090-04-25272-X10.1163/9789004252721(CKB)2670000000360799(EBL)1204122(SSID)ssj0000889937(PQKBManifestationID)11932412(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000889937(PQKBWorkID)10882568(PQKB)11487627(MiAaPQ)EBC1204122(nllekb)BRILL9789004252721(PPN)174548826(Au-PeEL)EBL1204122(CaPaEBR)ebr10713681(CaONFJC)MIL493460(OCoLC)846494933(EXLCZ)99267000000036079920130313d2013 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrThe supranational corporation[electronic resource] beyond the multinationals /by Laura WestraLeiden Brill20131 online resource (220 p.)Studies in critical social sciencesDescription based upon print version of record.90-04-24910-9 Includes bibliographical references and index.Preliminary Material /Richard Westra -- Introduction -- The Corporation: From the “Original Sin” (Santa Clara) to Right of Personhood (Roe) -- The Corporation: Controlling Public Health and Other Basic Rights -- The Corporation and the State: A Question of Power -- The Corporation as Criminal -- The Corporation as a Supranational Power: The European Union -- The Corporation as a Supranational Power -- Appendix I: Cases -- Appendix II: Documents -- References -- Index.The growth of corporate power has kept pace with and even exceeded the rapid rise of globalization in the past two decades. With it has come the weakening of a nation’s ability to hold corporate power in check, and the increasing inability of states to protect the rights of individuals within their national boundaries as a result of the growing number of international legal instruments. This work lays bare corporate actions both domestic and international, under the guise of legal \'personhood,\' and shows how corporations flaunt laws and act as controlling powers beyond the constraints imposed on legal state citizens. Corporations are now “embedded” within domestic legal regimes and insinuate themselves to subvert the very systems designed to restrain corporate power and protect the public weal. Using international vehicles like the WTO and NAFTA, corporate collective power effectively supersedes the constitutional mandate of nation states.Studies in Critical Social Sciences53.Corporate powerCorporationsPolitical activityInternational business enterprisesLaw and legislationJuristic personsElectronic books.Corporate power.CorporationsPolitical activity.International business enterprisesLaw and legislation.Juristic persons.338.8/8Westra Laura307484MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910462885803321The supranational corporation2137579UNINA05554nam 2200697 a 450 991014160470332120200520144314.01-118-56959-81-299-46884-51-118-56968-71-118-56957-1(CKB)2670000000336593(EBL)1120435(OCoLC)829461561(SSID)ssj0000904861(PQKBManifestationID)11512253(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000904861(PQKBWorkID)10924300(PQKB)10043278(OCoLC)828247122(MiAaPQ)EBC1120435(Au-PeEL)EBL1120435(CaPaEBR)ebr10684946(CaONFJC)MIL478134(PPN)242894526(EXLCZ)99267000000033659320120807d2012 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrOptimization of logistics[electronic resource] /Alice Yalaoui ... [et al.]Hoboken, N.J. ISTE Ltd. John Wiley and Sons, Inc.20121 online resource (305 p.)Automation-control and industrial engineering seriesDescription based upon print version of record.1-84821-424-3 Includes bibliographical references and index.Cover; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; Introduction; Chapter 1. Modeling and Performance Evaluation; 1.1. Introduction; 1.2. Markovian processes; 1.2.1. Overview of stochastic processes; 1.2.2. Markov processes; 1.2.2.1. Basics; 1.2.2.2. Chapman-Kolmogorov equations; 1.2.2.3. Steady-state probabilities; 1.2.2.4. Graph associated with a Markov process; 1.2.2.5. Application to production systems; 1.2.3. Markov chains; 1.2.3.1. Basics; 1.2.3.2. State probability vectors; 1.2.3.3. Fundamental equation of a Markov chain; 1.2.3.4. Graph associated with a Markov chain1.2.3.5. Steady states of ergodic Markov chains1.2.3.6. Application to production systems; 1.3. Petri nets; 1.3.1. Introduction to Petri nets; 1.3.1.1. Basic definitions; 1.3.1.2. Dynamics of Petri nets; 1.3.1.3. Specific structures; 1.3.1.4. Tools for Petri net analysis; 1.3.1.5. Properties of Petri nets; 1.3.2. Non-autonomous Petri nets; 1.3.3. Timed Petri nets; 1.3.4. Continuous Petri nets; 1.3.4.1. Fundamental equation and performance analysis; 1.3.4.2. Example; 1.3.5. Colored Petri nets; 1.3.6. Stochastic Petri nets; 1.3.6.1. Firing time; 1.3.6.2. Firing selection policy1.3.6.3. Service policy1.3.6.4. Memory policy; 1.3.6.5. Petri net analysis; 1.3.6.6. Marking graph; 1.3.6.7. Generator of Markovian processes; 1.3.6.8. Fundamental equation; 1.3.6.9. Steady-state probabilities; 1.3.6.10. Performance indices (steady state); 1.4. Discrete-event simulation; 1.4.1. The role of simulation in logistics systems analysis; 1.4.2. Components and dynamic evolution of systems; 1.4.3. Representing chance and the Monte Carlo method; 1.4.3.1. Uniform distribution U [0, 1]; 1.4.3.2. The Monte Carlo method; 1.4.4. Simulating probability distributions1.4.4.1. Simulating random events1.4.4.2. Simulating discrete random variables; 1.4.4.3. Simulating continuous random variables; 1.4.5. Discrete-event systems; 1.4.5.1. Key aspects of simulation; 1.5. Decomposition method; 1.5.1. Presentation; 1.5.2. Details of the method; Chapter 2. Optimization; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Polynomial problems and NP-hard problems; 2.2.1. The complexity of an algorithm; 2.2.2. Example of calculating the complexity of an algorithm; 2.2.3. Some definitions; 2.2.3.1. Polynomial-time algorithms; 2.2.3.2. Pseudo-polynomial-time algorithms2.2.3.3. Exponential-time algorithms2.2.4. Complexity of a problem; 2.2.4.1. Polynomial-time problems; 2.2.4.2. NP-hard problems; 2.3. Exact methods; 2.3.1. Mathematical programming; 2.3.2. Dynamic programming; 2.3.3. Branch and bound algorithm; 2.4. Approximate methods; 2.4.1. Genetic algorithms; 2.4.1.1. General principles; 2.4.1.2. Encoding the solutions; 2.4.1.3. Crossover operators; 2.4.1.4. Mutation operators; 2.4.1.5. Constructing the population in the next generation; 2.4.1.6. Stopping condition; 2.4.2. Ant colonies; 2.4.2.1. General principle2.4.2.2. Management of pheromones: example of the traveling salesman problem This book aims to help engineers, Masters students and young researchers to understand and gain a general knowledge of logistic systems optimization problems and techniques, such as system design, layout, stock management, quality management, lot-sizing or scheduling. It summarizes the evaluation and optimization methods used to solve the most frequent problems. In particular, the authors also emphasize some recent and interesting scientific developments, as well as presenting some industrial applications and some solved instances from real-life cases.Performance evaluation tools (PetAutomation-control and industrial engineering series.Computer scienceMathematicsLogisticsMathematical modelsComputer scienceMathematics.LogisticsMathematical models.511.1Yalaoui Alice889056Yalaoui Alice889056MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910141604703321Optimization of logistics1986504UNINA