03110nam 2200649 450 991046401290332120170817212626.01-4623-7598-71-4527-1780-X1-4518-6977-097866128407151-282-84071-1(CKB)3170000000055023(EBL)1607868(SSID)ssj0000943985(PQKBManifestationID)11559067(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000943985(PQKBWorkID)10983250(PQKB)11326098(OCoLC)276785198(MiAaPQ)EBC1607868(EXLCZ)99317000000005502320140227h20082008 uy 0engur|n|---|||||txtccrCalculating sustainable non-mineral balances as benchmarks for fiscal policy the case of Botswana /Jens R. Clausen ; authorized for distribution by Francesco Caramazza[Washington, District of Columbia] :International Monetary Fund,2008.©20081 online resource (17 p.)IMF Working PapersIMF working paper ;WP/08/117Description based upon print version of record.1-4519-1431-8 Includes bibliographical references.Contents; I. Introduction; II. Fiscal Policy in Resource-Rich Countries:; A. International Experience; B. The Permanent Income Hypothesis; C. Mathematical Representation of How to Calculate Benchmarks; III. The Case of Botswana; A. Background; B. Calculating Sustainable Non-mineral Balances for Botswana; Figures; 1 Botswana: Mineral Revenues, Annuity, and Asset Accumulation; Table; 1. Botswana: Fiscal Sustainability Benchmarks; C. Sensitivity Analysis; 2. Botswana: Sensitivity Analysis for Benchmarked Balances; 3. Botswana: Mineral Revenues, Annuity, and Asset Accumulation; IV. ConclusionsReferencesAssuming a social welfare function that smoothes expenditure, this paper calculates a sustainability benchmark for the non-mineral balance in Botswana that is based on a notion of a ""permanent income"" from non-renewable resources. It is derived by constructing a hypothetical annuity from revenues from these resources, which is held constant in terms of GDP. Botswana is an interesting case because current projections suggest that diamond resources could be largely exhausted within a generation.IMF Working PapersFiscal policyBotswanaRevenueBotswanaBotswanaEconomic conditions1966-Electronic books.Fiscal policyRevenue339.09689709049Clausen Jens R936184Caramazza Francesco936185MiAaPQMiAaPQMiAaPQBOOK9910464012903321Calculating sustainable non-mineral balances as benchmarks for fiscal policy2108918UNINA00830nam0-22002771i-450 99000204376040332120250310133624.000020437620021010d1971----km-y0itay50------bagerFIa m001yy<<Die >>Scelioninen Finnlands (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea)Wolter HellenHelsinkiSocietas pro Fauna e Flora Fennica197125 p.26 cmFauna Fennica23EntomologiaHymenoptera595.7923itaHellen,Wolter87015ITUNINARICAUNIMARCBK990002043760403321B ENT 17501/0275/25FAGBCFAGBCScelioninen Finnlands (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea)4326016UNINA