Principles of electron optics . Volume 1 Basic geometry optics [[electronic resource] /] / by P.W. Hawkes and E. Kasper

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910511435303321
• Autore: Hawkes P. W
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: London ; ; San Diego, : Academic Press, c1996
• ISBN: 1-283-39621-1; 9786613396211; 0-08-096241-6
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (665 p.)
• Altri autori (Persone): KasperE <1933-> (Erwin)
• Disciplina: 537.5/6; 537.56
• Soggetti: Electron optics; Electrons; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Front Cover; Basic Geometrical Optics; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; Chapter 1 Introduction; 1.1 Organization of the subject; 1.2 History; PART I - CLASSICAL MECHANICS; Chapter 2. Relativistic Kinematics; 2.1 The Lorentz equation and general considerations; 2.2 Conservation of energy; 2.3 The acceleration potential; 2.4 Definition of coordinate systems; 2.5 Conservation of axial angular momentum; Chapter 3. Different Forms of Trajectory Equations; 3.1 Parametric representation in terms of the arc-length; 3.2 Relativistic proper-time representation; 3.3 The cartesian representation; 3.4 Scaling rulesChapter 4. Variational Principles; 4.1 The Lagrange formalism; 4.2 General rotationally symmetric systems; 4.3 The canonical formalism; 4.4 The time-independent form of the variational principle; 4.5 Static rotationally symmetric systems; Chapter 5. Hamiltonian Optics; 5.1 Introduction of the characteristic function; 5.2 The Hamilton-Jacobi equation; 5.3 The analogy with light optics; 5.4 The influence of vector potentials; 5.5 Gauge transformations; 5.6 Poincarés integral invariant; 5.7 The problem of uniqueness; 5.8 Résumé; PART II - CALCULATION OF STATIC FIELDS; Chapter 6. Basic Concepts and Equations6.1 General considerations; 6.2 Field equations; 6.3 Variational principles; 6.4 Rotationally symmetric fields; 6.5 Planar fields; Chapter 7. Series Expansions; 7.1 Azimuthal Fourier series expansions; 7.2 Radial series expansions; 7.3 Rotationally symmetric fields; 7.4 Multipole fields; 7.5 Planar fields; 7.6 Fourier-Bessel series expansions; Chapter 8. Boundary-Value Problems; 8.1 Boundary-value problems in electrostatics; 8.2 Boundary conditions in magnetostatics; 8.3 Examples of boundary-value problems in magnetostatics; Chapter 9. Integral Equations; 9.1 Integral equations for scalar potentials9.2 Problems with interface conditions; 9.3 Reduction of the dimensions; 9.4 Important special cases; 9.5 Résumé; Chapter 10. The Boundary-Element Method; 10.1 Evaluation of the Fourier integral kernels; 10.2 Numerical solution of one-dimensional integral equations; 10.3 Superposition of aperture fields; 10.4 Three-dimensional Dirichlet problems; 10.5 Examples of applications of the boundary-element method; Chapter 11. The Finite-Difference Method (FDM); 11.1 The choice of grid; 11.2 The Taylor series method; 11.3 The integration method; 11.4 Nine-point formulae11.5 Iterative solution techniques; Chapter 12. The Finite-Element Method (FEM); 12.1 Formulation for round magnetic lenses; 12.2 Formulation for self-adjoint elliptic equations; 12.3 Solution of the finite-element equations; 12.4 Improvement of the finite-element method; 12.5 Comparison and combination of different methods; Chapter 13. Field-Interpolation Techniques; 13.1 One-dimensional differentiation and interpolation; 13.2 Two-dimensional interpolation; PART III - THE PARAXIAL APPROXIMATION; Chapter 14. Introduction; Chapter 15. Systems with an Axis of Rotational Symmetry
• Sommario/riassunto: Principles of Electron Optics

Guidelines for mechanical integrity systems / / Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910830559303321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hoboken, New Jersey : , : Wiley-Interscience, , 2006; ©2006
• ISBN: 1-118-21622-9; 1-280-54986-6; 9786610549863; 0-470-04808-5; 1-60119-354-8; 0-470-04807-7
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (324 p.)
• Disciplina: 660.2804; 660/.283/0288
• Soggetti: Industrial equipment - Maintenance and repair; Chemical plants - Safety measures; Plant maintenance
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Includes index.
• Nota di contenuto: GUIDELINES FOR MECHANICAL INTEGRITY SYSTEMS; CONTENTS; List of Tables; List of Figures; Items on the CD Accompanying This Book; Acronyms and abbreviations; Glossary; Acknowledgments; Preface; Management Overview of the Guidelines; 1 INTRODUCTION; 1.1 What is Mechanical Integrity?; 1.2 Relationship to Other Programs; 1.3 Expectations for the MI Program; LIST OF TABLES; TABLE 1-1 Potential MI Interfaces with Other Programs; 1.4 The Effect of RAGAGEPs; 1.5 Structure of this Guidelines Book; TABLE 1-2 Chapters Addressing Management Systems for MI Activities; 1.6 References; 2 MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITY 2.1 Facility Leadership's Roles and Responsibilities; 2.1.1 Organizational Roles and Responsibilities; 2.1.2 Roles and Responsibilities Matrix; 2.1.3 Reporting Mechanisms; TABLE 2-1 Roles and Responsibilities Matrix for MI Program Management; 2.1.4 Auditing; 2.2 Technical Assurance Responsibilities; 2.2.1 Defining ; Acceptance Criteria; 2.2.2 Providing Technical Content; 2.2.3 Establishing Metrics; LIST OF FIGURES; FIGURE 2-1 Definition of the operating window.; 2.2.4 Ensuring Technical Review; 3 EQUIPMENT SELECTION; 3.1 Reviewing Program Objectives; 3.2 Establishing Equipment Selection Criteria 3.3 Defining Level of Detail; 3.4 Documenting the Equipment Selection; 3.5 Equipment Selection Roles and Responsibilities; TABLE 3-1 Example Roles and Responsibilities Matrix for Equipment Selection; Appendix 3A. Sample Guidelines for Selecting Equipment for the MI Program; 4 INSPECTION, TESTING, AND PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE; 4.1 ITPM Task Planning; 4.1.1 ITPM Task Selection; FIGURE 4-1 ITPM task selection process.; TABLE 4-1 Typical Equipment File Information for Selected Types of Equipment; TABLE 4-2 Example ITPM Task Selection Decision Matrix (Ref. 4-1)TABLE 4-3 Factors Affecting ITPM Tasks for Relief Valves, Instrumentation, and Rotating Equipment; 4.1.2 Developing Sampling Criteria; TABLE 4-4 Example ITPM Plan in Tabular Format; 4.1.3 Other ITPM Task Planning Considerations; 4.1.4 ITPM Task Scheduling; 4.2 Task Execution and Monitoring; 4.2.1 Defining Acceptance Criteria; 4.2.2 Equipment and ITPM Task Results Documentation; 4.2.3 ITPM Task Implementation and Execution; 4.2.4 ITPM Task Results Management; 4.2.5 Task Schedule Management; 4.2.6 ITPM Program Monitoring; 4.3 ITPM Program Roles and Responsibilities 4.4 References; TABLE 4-5 Example Roles and Responsibilities Matrix for the ITPM Task Planning Phase; TABLE 4-6 Example Roles and Responsibilities Matrix for the ITPM Task Execution and Monitoring Phase; Appendix 4A. Common Predictive Maintenance and Nondestructive Testing Techniques; 5 MI TRAINING PROGRAM; 5.1 Skills/Knowledge Assessment; FIGURE 5-1 Training flow chart.; 5.2 Training For New and Current Workers; 5.3 Verification and Documentation of Training Effectiveness; TABLE 5-1 Training Approach Considerations; 5.4 Certification; TABLE 5-2 General Electrician Training Matrix
• Sommario/riassunto: In recent years, process safety management system compliance audits have revealed that organizations often have significant opportunities for improving their Mechanical Integrity programs. As part of the Center for Chemical Process Safety's Guidelines series, Guidelines for Mechanical Integrity Systems provides practitioners a basic familiarity of mechanical integrity concepts and best practices. The book recommends efficient approaches for establishing a successful MI program. Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.