The landscape of relativistic stellar explosions / / Anna Y. Q. Ho

• Record Nr.: UNISA996499864003316
• Autore: Ho Anna Y. Q.
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2022]; ©2022
• ISBN: 9783031153679; 9783031153662
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (316 pages)
• Collana: Springer theses
• Disciplina: 522.6862
• Soggetti: Gamma ray bursts; Relativistic astrophysics
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Supervisor's Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Parts of This Thesis Have Been Published in the Following Journal Articles -- Contents -- 1 Introduction and Summary -- 1.1 Landscape Overview -- The GRB View -- The Ic-BL SN View -- Radio Unification Efforts -- 1.2 Summary of Thesis -- References -- Part I Afterglows at Cosmological Distances -- 2 ZTF20aajnksq (AT2020blt): A Fast Optical Transient at z 2.9 With No Detected Gamma-Ray Burst Counterpart -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Observations -- ZTF Discovery -- Follow-up Observations -- Optical Imaging -- Optical Spectroscopy -- X-Ray Observations -- Radio Observations -- Search for Associated GRB -- 2.3 Comparison to GRB Afterglows -- Optical Light Curve -- Spectral Energy Distribution -- Radio Light Curve -- 2.4 Interpretation -- A Slightly Off-Axis GRB -- A Dirty Fireball -- 2.5 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 3 iPTF Archival Search for Fast Optical Transients -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Data and Candidate Selection -- 3.3 Properties of the iPTF M-dwarf Flares -- 3.4 Rate of Relativistic Fast Optical Transients in iPTF -- 3.5 Conclusions -- 3.6 Appendix -- References -- Part II Low-Luminosity Gamma-Ray Bursts -- 4 SN2020bvc: A Broad-Lined Type Ic Supernova with a Double-Peaked Optical Light Curve and a Luminous X-ray and Radio Counterpart -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Observations -- ZTF Detection and ; Classification -- Host Galaxy -- Optical Photometry -- Spectroscopy -- UV and X-Ray Observations -- Submillimeter and Radio Observations -- Search for a Gamma-Ray Burst -- 4.3 Light Curve Analysis -- Comparisons to Other Ic-BL SNe -- Blackbody Fits -- 4.4 Spectroscopic Properties -- Spectroscopic Evolution and Comparisons -- Velocity Estimates from Fe II Features -- 4.5 Modeling the Light Curve -- Nickel Decay -- Shock-Cooling -- 4.6 Modeling the Fast Ejecta -- Radio Emission.; X-Ray Emission -- 4.7 Early ZTF Light Curves of Nearby Ic-BL SNe -- 4.8 Summary and Discussion -- 4.9 Appendix -- Photometry Table -- Details: Mass and Radius of the Extended Material -- Details: Properties of the Forward Shock -- Inverse Compton Scattering -- References -- Part III Ic-BL Supernovae -- Reference -- 5 The Broad-Lined Ic Supernova ZTF18aaqjovh (SN2018bvw): An Optically Discovered Engine-Driven Supernova Candidate with Luminous Radio Emission -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Observations -- Zwicky Transient Facility Discovery -- Spectral Classification -- Radio Observations -- X-Ray Observations -- Search for Gamma-Rays -- 5.3 Analysis and Discussion -- Modeling the Optical Light Curve -- Properties of the Fastest (Radio-Emitting) Ejecta -- Modeling the Radio to X-Ray SED -- Gamma-Ray Burst -- 5.4 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 6 Evidence for Late-Stage Eruptive Mass Loss in the Progenitor to SN2018gep, a Broad-Lined Ic Supernova: Pre-explosion Emission and a Rapidly Rising Luminous Transient -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Observations -- Zwicky Transient Facility Discovery -- Photometry -- Spectroscopy -- Search for Pre-discovery Emission -- Radio Follow-up -- X-ray Follow-Up -- Search for Prompt Gamma-Ray Emission -- Host Galaxy Data -- 6.3 Basic Properties of the Explosion and Its Host Galaxy -- Physical Evolution from Blackbody Fits -- Spectral Evolution and Velocity Measurements -- Comparisons to Early Spectra in the Literature -- Origin of the ``W'' Feature -- Photospheric Velocity from Ic-BL Spectra -- Properties of the Host Galaxy -- 6.4 Interpretation -- Radioactive Decay -- Interaction with Extended Material -- 6.5 Comparison to Unclassified Rapidly Evolving Transients at High Redshift -- 6.6 Summary and Future Work -- 6.7 Appendix -- UV and Optical Photometry -- UV and Optical Spectroscopy -- Atomic Data for Spectral Modeling.; Data for Measuring Host Properties -- References -- Part IV A New Class of Energetic Stellar Explosions in a Dense Medium -- 7 AT2018cow: A Luminous Millimeter Transient -- 7.1 Introduction -- The Transient Millimeter Sky -- AT2018cow -- 7.2 Observations -- Radio and Submillimeter Observations -- The Submillimeter Array (SMA) -- The Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) -- The Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) -- X-Ray Observations -- Swift/XRT -- NuSTAR -- 7.3 Basic Properties of the Shock -- Light Curve -- Modeling the Radio to Submillimeter SED -- 7.4 Implications of Shock Properties -- AT2018cow in Velocity-Energy Space and a Discussion of Epsilons -- A Luminous Millimeter Transient in a Dense Environment -- Novel Features of the Synchrotron Model Parameters -- 7.5 Origin of the X-ray Emission and Emergence of a Compact Source -- 7.6 Conclusions and Outlook -- 7.7 Appendix -- ALMA Band 9 Calibration -- Full SMA Light Curves -- Selection of Peak Frequency and Peak Luminosity for Other Transients -- References -- 8 The Koala: A Fast Blue Optical Transient with Luminous Radio Emission from a Starburst Dwarf Galaxy at z=0.27 -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Discovery and Basic Analysis -- Optical -- Photometry -- Spectroscopy and Host-Galaxy Properties -- Radio Observations -- 8.3 Comparison with Extragalactic Explosions -- Optical Light Curve and Spectrum -- ; Radio Light Curve -- A Starburst Host Galaxy -- 8.4 Interpretation -- Modeling the Optical Light Curve -- Modeling the Radio Light Curve -- Progenitor Systems and a Search for an Associated Gamma-ray Burst -- 8.5 Rate Estimate -- 8.6 Prospects for Detecting X-Ray Emission -- 8.7 Summary and Conclusions -- 8.8 Appendix -- Light Curve Measurements -- References -- 9 Other Contributions -- 9.1 ZTF19abvizsw: A Cosmological Afterglow with No Detected Gamma-Ray Burst.; 9.2 How Much CSM Is Sufficient to Choke a Jet? -- 9.3 Radio Observations of Ic-BL SNe Discovered by ZTF -- References -- 10 Summary and the Future.

The constitution of private governance : product standards in the regulation of integrating markets / / Harm Schepel

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910784285003321
• Autore: Schepel Harm
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Oxford ; ; Portland, Oregon : , : Hart Publishing, , 2005
• ISBN: 1-4725-6325-5; 1-280-80847-0; 9786610808472; 1-84731-107-5
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (498 p.)
• Collana: International studies in the theory of private law ; ; 4
• Disciplina: 343.087
• Soggetti: Customary law; Globalization; Product safety - Law and legislation; Product safety - Standards
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Originally presented as the author's thesis.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (pages [415]-449) and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Introduction -- 1 The Rise of Private Governance: Functional Differentiation and Economic Globalisation -- 2 The European Community: Market Integration and Private Transnationalism -- 3 The United States: Deregulation and Legalisation -- 4 Standards in the European Union -- 5 Standards and Codes in the United States -- 6 ; International Harmonisation of Standards -- 7 Private Regulation in European Public Law -- 8 Private Regulation in American Public Law -- 9 Politics and the Economy: Linking Institutions in Competition Law -- 10 Custom, Science and Law: Linking Institutions in Tort -- Conclusion The Constitution of Private Governance
• Sommario/riassunto: In quantity and importance, private standards are rapidly taking over the role of public norms in the international and national regulation of product safety. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the rise, role and status of these private product safety standards in the legal regulation of integrating markets. In international and regional trade law as in European and American constitutional and administrative law, tort law and antitrust law, the book analyses the ways in which legal systems can and do recognise private norms as 'law.' This sociological question of law's recognition of private governance is indissolubly connected with a normative question of democratic theory: can law recognize legal validity and democratic legitimacy outside the constitution, without constitutional political institutions and beyond the nation state? Or: can law 'constitute' private transnational governance? The book offers the first systematic treatment of European, American and international 'standards law' in the English language, and makes a significant contribution to the study of the processes of globalization and privatization in social and legal theory. For the thesis on which this book was based Harm Schepel was awarded the first EUI Alumni Prize for the "best interdisciplinary and/or comparative thesis on European issues" written at the EUI in recent years