Acceleration and propagation of cosmic rays in high-metallicity astrophysical environments / / Ana Laura Müller

• Record Nr.: UNISA996495165403316
• Autore: Müller Ana Laura
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer International Publishing, , [2022]; ©2022
• ISBN: 9783031103063; 9783031103056
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (141 pages)
• Collana: Springer Theses
• Disciplina: 539.7223
• Soggetti: Cosmic rays; Cosmic rays - Measurement
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Supervisor's Foreword -- Abstract -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Acronyms -- 1 Introduction -- References -- 2 Astrophysical Context -- 2.1 Radiation -- 2.1.1 Cosmic Rays -- 2.1.2 Gamma Rays -- 2.1.3 Neutrinos -- 2.1.4 Gravitational Waves -- 2.2 Sources -- 2.2.1 Starburst Galaxies -- 2.2.2 Active Galactic Nuclei -- References -- 3 Physics for High-Energy Astrophysics -- 3.1 The Hillas Criterion -- 3.2 Transport Equation -- 3.3 Acceleration Mechanisms -- 3.3.1 Fermi's Original Idea -- 3.3.2 Stochastic Diffusive Acceleration -- 3.3.3 Diffusive Shock Acceleration -- 3.3.4 Other Mechanisms -- 3.4 Losses -- 3.4.1 Escape Processes -- 3.4.2 Energy Losses -- 3.4.3 Absorption and Electron-Positron Pair Production -- References -- 4 Particle Acceleration in the Superwind of Starburst Galaxies. Part I: Large-Scale Processes -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Basic Model -- 4.2.1 Superwind -- 4.2.2 Scaling Relations -- 4.2.3 Dynamical Conditions -- 4.3 NGC 253 -- 4.4 Particle Acceleration and Losses -- 4.4.1 Acceleration Conditions -- 4.4.2 Stochastic Diffusive Acceleration -- 4.4.3 Diffusive Shock Acceleration -- 4.4.4 Losses and Maximum Energies -- 4.4.5 Particle Distributions -- 4.5 Results -- 4.5.1 Spectral Energy Distributions -- 4.6 Discussions -- 4.6.1 Higher Energies? -- 4.6.2 A Starving Black Hole? -- 4.6.3 Other Potential Sources of CR in the Disk -- 4.6.4 Propagation and Effects Upon Arrival -- 4.7 Summary ; and Conclusions -- References -- 5 Particle Acceleration in the Superwind of Starburst Galaxies. Part II: Small-Scale Processes -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Model -- 5.3 Particle Acceleration and Losses -- 5.3.1 Acceleration Conditions -- 5.3.2 Losses and Maximum Energies -- 5.3.3 Particle Distributions -- 5.4 Results -- 5.4.1 Spectral Energy Distributions -- 5.5 Discussion -- 5.6 Summary and Conclusions -- References.; 6 Particle Acceleration in the Broad-Line Region of Active Galactic Nuclei -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Model -- 6.3 Particle Acceleration and Losses -- 6.3.1 Acceleration Conditions -- 6.3.2 Losses and Maximum Energies -- 6.3.3 Particle Distributions -- 6.4 Results -- 6.4.1 Radiative Processes -- 6.4.2 Absorption of High-Energy Photons and Secondary Particles -- 6.4.3 Spectral Energy Distributions -- 6.5 Application to NGC 1068 -- 6.6 Discussion -- 6.7 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 7 Discussion -- 7.1 Starbursts -- 7.2 Starbursts? -- References -- 8 Summary and Conclusions -- Reference -- Appendix A Coding Notes -- A.1 Numerical Integration -- A.1.1 Left Riemann Sum with a Constant Logarithmic Step. Fortran -- A.1.2 Trapezoidal Rule with a Constant Logarithmic Step. Fortran -- A.1.3 Python Comments -- A.2 Tests and Bugs -- A.3 Numerical Solutions for the Transport Equation -- A.4 Fermi-LAT Catalog -- Appendix B Miscellany -- B.1 Thermal Bremsstrahlung -- B.2 Proton-Proton Inelastic Collisions: Ep&gt -- 100GeV -- B.3 Accretion Disks.