Current multilingualism [[electronic resource] ] : a new linguistic dispensation / / edited by David Singleton ... [et al.]

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910452846303321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Boston ; ; Berlin, : De Gruyter Mouton, c2013
• ISBN: 1-61451-281-7
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (382 p.)
• Collana: Contributions to the sociology of language, , 1861-0676 ; ; v. 102
• Classificazione: ER 930
• Altri autori (Persone): SingletonD. M (David Michael)
• Disciplina: 306.44/6
• Soggetti: Multilingualism - Social aspects; Second language acquisition - Social aspects; Sociolinguistics; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Frontmatter -- Table of contents -- Introduction -- Current multilingualism: A new linguistic dispensation / Aronin, Larissa / Fishman, Joshua / Singleton, David / Ó Laoire, Muiris -- I Language teaching and language learning -- 1 ELF: Central or Atypical Second Language Acquisition? / Cook, Vivian -- 2 Faraway, so close: Trilingualism in the Basque Autonomous Community and Malta from a socio-educational perspective / Caruana, Sandro / Lasagabaster, David -- 3 Issues in all-Irish education: Strengthening the case for comparative immersion / Harris, John / Cummins, Jim -- 4 Informal bilingual acquisition: Dynamic spaces for language education policy / García, Ofelia -- II Social aspects of current multilingualism -- 5 Minority language use in Ireland: The time dimension / Singleton, David / Aronin, Larissa / Carson, Lorna -- 6 Mapping increasing linguistic diversity in multicultural Europe and abroad / Extra, Guus -- 7 Multilingual attitudes and attitudes to multilingualism in Croatia / Mihaljević Djigunović, Jelena -- 8 Emerging and conflicting forces of polyphony in the Berlin speech community after the fall of the Wall: On the social identity of adolescents / Dittmar, Norbert / Steckbauer, Daniel -- 9 Multilingualism in Morocco and the linguistic features of the Casablanca variety / Ennaji, Moha -- 10 Multilingualism in Sweden / Bardel, Camilla / Falk, Ylva / Lindqvist, Christina -- III Language ; Policy -- 11 Language planning for a decimated and often forgotten non-territorial tongue / Fishman, Joshua A. -- 12 Endangered languages and endangered archives in the Russian Federation / Graaf, Tjeerd de -- 13 Linguistic quandary in multilingual Malaysia: Socio-political issues, language policy, educational changes / Kärchner-Ober, Renate -- 14 Managing language diversity in the Irish health services / Georgiou, Vasiliki -- 15 Slipping between policy and management: (De)centralised responses to linguistic diversity in Ethiopia and South Africa / Heugh, Kathleen -- Index
• Sommario/riassunto: This volume approaches contemporary multilingualism as a new linguistic dispensation, in urgent need of research-led, reflective scrutiny. The book addresses the emergent global and local patterns of multingual use and acquisition across the world and explores the major trends that characterize today's multilingualism. It is divided into three parts on the basis of the broad themes: education (including multilingual learning in its general, theoretical aspects), sociolinguistic dimensions and language policy. The book's fifteen chapters, written by renowned international experts, discuss a range of issues relating to the quintessential and unique properties of multilingual situations - issues relevant to the challenges faced in different ways by researcher and practitioners alike. All the contributions share a focus on currently operative patterns of interaction between contexts, events and processes.

2010 International Conference on Cyberworlds

• Record Nr.: UNISA996218115303316
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: [Place of publication not identified], : IEEE, 2010
• ISBN: 0-7695-4215-8
• Disciplina: 303.48/34
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Systemic Risk from Global Financial Derivatives : : A Network Analysis of Contagion and Its Mitigation with Super-Spreader Tax / / Sheri Markose

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910779643403321
• Autore: Markose Sheri
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012
• ISBN: 1-4755-9015-6; 1-4755-3186-9
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (59 p.)
• Collana: IMF Working Papers
• Soggetti: Derivative securities; Over-the-counter markets; Banks and Banking; Finance: General; Investments: Derivatives; Industries: Financial Services; Financial Crises; Banks; Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages; Financial Forecasting and Simulation; Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill; International Financial Markets; General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation; General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data); Financial Institutions and Services: General; Pension Funds; Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors; Finance; Banking; Systemic risk; Derivative markets; Systemically important financial institutions; Financial derivatives; Financial sector policy and analysis; Financial markets; Financial institutions; Financial contagion; Financial risk management; Banks and banking; Financial services industry; United States
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover; Abstract; Contents; I. Introduction; Figures; 1. Gross Notional of Financial Derivatives; 2. Gross Market Values OTC Derivatives; II. Systemic Risk in OTC Derivatives: Modeling Challenges; A. SIFIs in Derivatives Markets and Market Concentration; 3. Affiliation Graph of Global SIFI's and United States (U.S.) FDIC FIs as Participants in the Five Financial Derivatives Markets; Tables; 1. Value and Market Share of Financial Derivatives for 202 FIs; B. Market Data Based Systemic Risk Measures and Financial Network Perspective; III. Financial Network Analysis; A. Adjacency Matrix and Gross Flow Matrix for Derivatives B. Bilaterally Netted Matrix of Payables and Receivables; C. Topology of Financial Networks Complete, Random, Core-periphery, Clustered, and Small World; 2. Networks Statistics: Diagonal Elements Characterize Small World; D. Economics Literature on Financial Networks; E. Eigenvalue Perspective of Network Stability; IV. Contagion and Stability Analysis; A. Furfine (2003) Methodology: Cascades from Failure of a Trigger Bank; B. Financial Network Stability Analysis; C. Mitigation and Management of Financial Contagion: Super-spreader Tax; V. Empirical Results: Network Analysis of the Calibrated Aggregated Global Derivatives Market A. Empirical (Small World) Core-Periphery Network Algorithm; 4. Empirically Constructed Global Derivatives Network (Bilaterally) Aggregated over all Derivatives Products for FIs ; and Outside Entities: Empirical Small World Network in Tiered Layout; B. Global Derivatives Network Statistics (2009:Q4); 3. Network Statistics for Degree Distribution for Derivatives Network 2009 Q4; C. Eigenvector Centrality and Furfine Stress Test Results; 4. Rich Club Statistics; 5. 2009:Q4 Derivatives Network Eigenvector Centrality and Furfine First Round Contagion Results for Top 20 FIs5. Furfine Contagion Stress test on Empirical Calibrated Derivatives; D. Quantification and Evaluation of the Super-spreader Tax (2009 Q4); 6. Maximum Eigenvalue (λ(sup[#])(sub[max]) ,Y-Axis) Using Different Values of α> 0(Equation; 7. Individual FI Tax Rates Obtained by Multiplying Right Eigenvector Centrality by or Different Values of Alpha α>0; VI. Conclusion; 6. Super-Spreader Tax Raised from Top 20 SIFIs; Appendix Tables; A.1 Financial Derivatives for the Top 22 Banks; References
• Sommario/riassunto: Financial network analysis is used to provide firm level bottom-up holistic visualizations of interconnections of financial obligations in global OTC derivatives markets. This helps to identify Systemically Important Financial Intermediaries (SIFIs), analyse the nature of contagion propagation, and also monitor and design ways of increasing robustness in the network. Based on 2009 FDIC and individually collected firm level data covering gross notional, gross positive (negative) fair value and the netted derivatives assets and liabilities for 202 financial firms which includes 20 SIFIs, the bilateral flows are empirically calibrated to reflect data-based constraints. This produces a tiered network with a distinct highly clustered central core of 12 SIFIs that account for 78 percent of all bilateral exposures and a large number of financial intermediaries (FIs) on the periphery. The topology of the network results in the “Too- Interconnected-To-Fail” (TITF) phenomenon in that the failure of any member of the central tier will bring down other members with the contagion coming to an abrupt end when the ‘super-spreaders’ have demised. As these SIFIs account for the bulk of capital in the system, ipso facto no bank among the top tier can be allowed to fail, highlighting the untenable implicit socialized guarantees needed for these markets to operate at their current levels. Systemic risk costs of highly connected SIFIs nodes are not priced into their holding of capital or collateral. An eigenvector centrality based ‘super-spreader’ tax has been designed and tested for its capacity to reduce the potential socialized losses from failure of SIFIs.