Handbook of green chemistry and technology [[electronic resource] /] / edited by James Clark and Duncan Macquarrie

• Record Nr.: UNISA996213209903316
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Oxford [England] ; ; Malden, MA, : Blackwell Science, 2002
• ISBN: 1-280-74284-4; 9786610742844; 1-4051-2332-X; 0-470-98830-4; 1-4051-7248-7
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (562 p.)
• Altri autori (Persone): ClarkJames H; MacquarrieDuncan J
• Disciplina: 660
• Soggetti: Environmental chemistry - Industrial applications; Environmental management
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Handbook of GREEN CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY; Contributors; Contents; Preface; 1: Introduction; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Chemistry-past, present and future; 1.2 The costs of waste; 1.3 The greening of chemistry; References; 2: Principles of Sustainable and Green Chemistry; 1 Introduction; 2 Green Chemistry and Industry; 3 Waste Minimisation and Atom Economy; 3.1 Atom economy; 3.2 Some inherently atom economic reactions; 3.3 Some inherently atom uneconomic reactions; 4 Reduction of Materials Use; 4.1 Catalytic solutions; 4.2 Question the need for protection; 4.3 Reduction of non-renewable raw material use4.4 Process intensification; 5 Reduction of Energy Requirement; 5.1 Some energy efficiency improvements; 5.2 Alternative energy sources; 6 Reduction of Risk and Hazard; 6.1 Inherently safe design; 6.2 Alternative solvents; 7 Conclusions; References; 3: Chemistry and the Environment; 1 Introduction; 2 Chemistry of the Atmosphere; 2.1 Structure of the atmosphere; 2.2 Tropospheric pollution; 2.3 Stratospheric pollution; 2.4 Pollution of the built environment; 3 Chemistry of the Terrestrial ; Environment; 3.1 The Earth's crust; 3.2 Pollution of the land3.3 Freshwaters; 3.4 Pollution of freshwater; 4 Chemistry of the Oceans; 4.1 Chemistry of the open ocean; 4.2 Chemistry of estuaries; 4.3 Pollution of the oceans; 5 Conclusion; References; Bibliography; 4: Green Chemistry and Sustainable Development; 1 The Concept of Sustainability; 2 Green Chemistry and Sustainability's Parameters; 2.1 Sustainable use of chemical feedstocks; 2.2 Sustainable use of water; 2.3 Sustainable use of energy; 2.4 Environmental resilience; 3 A Sustainability Scenario; References; 5: Life-cycle Assessment: a Tool for Identification of More Sustainable Products and Processes1 Introduction; 2 The LCA Methodology; 2.1 Methodological framework; 3 The Applications of LCA; 3.1 Product-oriented LCA; 3.2 Process-oriented LCA; 4 Conclusions; 5 Appendix; 5.1 Definition of environmental impacts; References; 6: Industrial Processes using Solid Acid Catalysts; 1 Introduction; 2 Concepts in Acidity and Solid Acid Catalysts; 3 Industrial Applications of Solid Acid Catalysts; 3.1 Zeolite-based solid acid catalysts; 3.2 Heteropolyacid-based solid acid catalysts; 3.3 Sulfated zirconia; 3.4 Ion-exchange resins3.5 Acidic and pillared clays; 4 Some Recent Developments in Catalytic Materials and Processes; 4.1 The 'Kvaerner Process' and esterification chemistry; 4.2 Nafion/silica nanocomposites; 4.3 Haldor-Topsoe alkylation process to high-octane fuels; 4.4 Mobil-Badger cumene process; 4.5 Isodewaxing process (Chevron); 5 Summary; Acknowledgements; References; 7: Micelle-templated Silicas as Catalysts in Green Chemistry; 1 Introduction; 2 Structured Mesoporous Materials; 2.1 Synthesis of micelle-templated materials; 2.2 Post-functionalisation of micelle-templated materials; 2.3 Direct preparation of organically modified micelle-templated silicas
• Sommario/riassunto: Sustainable development is now accepted as a necessary goal for achieving societal, economic and environmental objectives. Within this chemistry has a vital role to play. The chemical industry is successful but traditionally success has come at a heavy cost to the environment. The challenge for chemists and others is to develop new products, processes and services that achieve societal, economic and environmental benefits. This requires an approach that reduces the materials and energy intensity of chemical processes and products; minimises the dispersion of harmful chemic