The international journal for the psychology of religion

• Record Nr.: UNISA996203812603316
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hillsdale, NJ, : L. Erlbaum Associates, 1991-
• ISSN: 1532-7582
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource
• Disciplina: 291
• Soggetti: Psychology, Religious; Psychologie religieuse; Religious Psychology; Periodicals.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Periodico
• Note generali: Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Facial palsy : techniques for reanimation of the paralyzed face / / Chieh-Han John Tzou, Andrés Rodríguez-Lorenzo, editors

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910483147503321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021]; ©2021
• ISBN: 3-030-50784-X
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (418 pages)
• Disciplina: 616.842
• Soggetti: Facial paralysis; Paràlisi facial; Rehabilitació mèdica; Llibres electrònics
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Part I: Facial Paralysis -- 1: Facial Paralysis: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Medical Treatment -- 1.1 The Facial Nerve -- 1.2 Facial Nerve Pathways -- 1.3 Terminology and Grading of Facial Palsy -- 1.4 Evaluation of Peripheral Facial Palsy -- 1.5 Causes of Peripheral Facial Palsy -- 1.6 Differential Diagnosis of Peripheral Facial Palsy -- 1.7 Bell's Palsy -- 1.8 Acquired Peripheral Facial Palsy in Children -- 1.9 Herpes Zoster Oticus or Ramsay Hunt syndrome -- 1.10 Lyme Disease (Neuroborreliosis) -- 1.11 Sarcoidosis -- 1.12 Guillain-Barré Syndrome -- 1.13 Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome -- 1.14 Ear Infection -- 1.15 Intratemporal Facial Nerve Trauma -- 1.16 Extratemporal Facial Nerve Trauma -- 1.17 Iatrogenic Facial Nerve Trauma -- 1.18 Tumor -- 1.19 Peripheral Facial Palsy in Newborn, Congenital Facial Palsy -- References -- 2: A Multi-modal Approach to Outcome Tracking in Facial Palsy -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Patient-Reported Outcome Measures -- 2.3 Clinician Grading Scoring Systems -- 2.4 Objective Assessment Systems -- 2.5 Emerging Systems -- 2.6 Conclusion -- References -- 3: Documentation and Imaging in Facial Palsy -- 3.1 Documentation in Facial Palsy -- 3.1.1 Overview -- 3.1.2 Patient ; Assessment -- 3.2 Imaging in Facial Palsy Overview -- 3.2.1 Composition and Positioning -- 3.2.2 Post-paralytic Facial Synkinesis (PPFS) -- 3.3 Conclusion -- References -- 4: Pre- and Post-op Rehabilitation in Facial Palsy Patients -- 4.1 Facial Nerve Grading Instruments -- 4.2 House-Brackmann Score -- 4.3 Sunnybrook Score -- 4.4 Chuang's Smile Excursion Score -- 4.5 Exercise Therapy -- 4.6 Electromyography-Biofeedback (EMG-Biofeedback) -- 4.7 Electrical Stimulation -- 4.8 Massage -- 4.9 Manual Lymphatic Drainage -- 4.10 Botulinum Toxin.; 4.11 Postoperative Facial Rehabilitation -- 4.11.1 Rehabilitation After Temporalis and Masseter Muscle Transposition -- 4.11.2 Rehabilitation After Labbé Technique -- 4.11.3 Rehabilitation After Nerve Transfers and Cross-Facial Nerve Grafting -- 4.11.4 Rehabilitation After Free Gracilis Muscle Transfer for Reconstruction of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Palsy -- References -- 5: Electrophysiology in Facial Paralysis -- 5.1 Nerve Conduction Studies (NCS) -- 5.1.1 Recording -- 5.1.2 Parameter -- 5.2 Electromyography (EMG) -- 5.3 Blink Reflex Studies -- 5.4 Magnetic Stimulation -- 5.5 Outcome Indicators -- References -- Part II: Facial Nerve Reconstruction -- 6: Principles of Facial Nerve Reconstruction -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Types of Facial Nerve Injuries -- 6.3 Methods of Facial Nerve Reconstruction -- 6.4 The Distal Target in Facial Nerve Reconstruction: Innervation of Mimetic Muscles -- 6.5 Timing of Facial Nerve Reconstruction -- 6.5.1 Timing or Nerve Reconstruction in Open Facial Nerve Injuries with Facial Nerve Deficits or Oncological Resections Including the Facial Nerve -- 6.5.2 Timing for Nerve Reconstruction in Acquired Facial Paralysis with Unknown Facial Nerve Status -- 6.6 Classification of Levels of Facial Nerve Injuries in Relation to Facial Reconstruction Method -- 6.6.1 Level 1: Central Nerve System or Intratemporal Nerve Injuries with Not Available Facial Nerve Stump -- 6.6.2 Clinical Example -- 6.6.3 Level 2: Intratemporal and Extratemporal Intraparotid Nerve Injuries with Available Facial Nerve Stump -- 6.6.4 Clinical Example -- 6.6.5 Level 3: Extratemporal Extraparotid or Distal Nerve Injuries -- 6.6.6 Clinical Example -- References -- 7: Anatomy of the Facial Nerve -- 7.1 Cranial Nerve (CN)7 -- 7.1.1 Targets of CN7 -- 7.2 Facial Nerve: Motoric Portion of CN7 -- 7.2.1 Intracerebral Segment.; 7.2.2 Intracranial Segment -- 7.2.3 Extracranial Segment -- 7.2.4 Parotid Plexus -- 7.2.5 Innervation of Facial Muscles -- References -- 8: Nerve Transfers to the Facial Nerve -- 8.1 Background -- 8.2 Patient Presentation -- 8.3 Nerve Transfers: Goals, Indications, and Rationale -- 8.3.1 Goals -- 8.3.2 Indications -- 8.3.3 Rationale -- 8.3.4 Advantages of Nerve Transfers -- 8.3.5 Disadvantages of Nerve Transfers -- 8.4 Masseteric to Facial Nerve Transfer -- 8.5 Cross-Facial Nerve Grafting -- 8.6 Dual Innervation -- 8.7 Summary -- References -- 9: Vascularized Nerve Grafts in Facial Nerve Reconstruction -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 A Historical Overview -- 9.3 The Blood Supply of Nerves -- 9.4 Evidence for Vascularized Nerve Grafts -- 9.4.1 Blood Supply -- 9.4.2 Motor Versus Sensory Nerve Grafts -- 9.5 Clinical Applications -- 9.5.1 The Dilemma -- 9.5.2 Facial Nerve Defects in the Head and Neck Cancer Patient -- 9.6 Pedicled Nerve Graft Options -- 9.7 Vascularized Nerve Grafts and the ALT Free Flap -- 9.8 Clinical Example of a Chimeric Free Flap Reconstruction of Soft Tissue and Facial Nerve -- 9.9 Clinical Example of Vascularized Nerve Graft to the Marginal Mandibular Nerve -- 9.10 Conclusion -- References -- 10: Non-vascularized Nerve Grafts -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Donor Nerves -- 10.2.1 Sural Nerve -- 10.2.1.1 Surgical Technique for Sural Nerve Harvest -- 10.2.2 Greater ; Auricular Nerve -- 10.2.3 Motor Nerves -- 10.3 Ipsilateral Nerve Repair -- 10.4 Cross-Face Nerve Grafts -- 10.4.1 Timing of Surgery -- 10.4.2 Donor Branch Selection -- 10.4.3 Augmentation of Partial Function -- 10.4.4 Sensory Pathway Protection -- 10.5 Coaptation Techniques -- References -- 11: Avoiding Damage of the Facial Nerve in Parotid Surgery -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Type of Parotidectomy -- 11.2.1 Extracapsular Dissection.; 11.2.2 Superficial Parotidectomy -- 11.2.3 Total Parotidectomy -- 11.3 Pre- and Perioperative Considerations -- 11.3.1 Facial Nerve Monitoring -- 11.3.2 Surgical Microscope or Surgical Loupes for Parotidectomy? -- 11.3.3 Single Shot Antibiotic Treatment -- 11.4 Superficial Parotidectomy -- 11.4.1 Positioning and Skin Incision -- 11.4.2 SMAS Flap -- 11.4.3 Landmark I: Posterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle -- 11.4.4 Landmark II: Tragal Pointer -- 11.4.5 Dissection -- 11.4.6 Wound Closure, Dressing, and Postoperative Antibiotic Treatment -- 11.5 Neck Dissection and Facial Nerve -- 11.5.1 Level I: Boundaries -- 11.5.2 Risk for Damage of the Marginal Mandibular Branch -- 11.6 Level Ib Neck Dissection -- 11.6.1 Skin Incision -- 11.6.2 Elevation of Platysma Flaps -- 11.6.3 Identification of the Marginal Mandibular Branch -- References -- 12: Avoiding Facial Nerve Injury in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Retromandibular Approach to the TMJ -- 12.2.1 Surgical Anatomy -- 12.2.2 Retromandibular Anteroparotid Transmasseteric Approach -- 12.2.3 Retromandibular Transparotid Approach -- 12.3 Preauricular Approach to the TMJ -- 12.3.1 Surgical Anatomy -- 12.3.2 Subfascial Approach -- 12.3.3 Deep Subfascial Approach -- 12.4 Approaches to the TMJ and Risk for Facial Nerve Injury -- References -- Part III: Smile Reanimation in Long Standing Facial Paralysis -- 13: Principles of Smile Reanimation -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.1.1 History of the Smile -- 13.1.2 Evolution of the Human Smile -- 13.1.3 Social and Cultural Aspects of the Smile -- 13.1.4 Types of Smile and Anatomical Variations -- 13.1.5 The Dimple and the Smile -- 13.2 Preoperative Evaluation of the Smile -- 13.2.1 Mouth Corner Vector for Smile Reanimation -- 13.2.2 Donor Nerves and Muscles in Smile Reanimation.; 13.3 Intraoperative Evaluation of the Smile -- 13.4 Postoperative Care of the Smile -- 13.4.1 Immediate Postoperative Care -- 13.4.2 Long-Term Postoperative Care -- References -- 14: One-Stage Facial Reanimation Using Masseter Nerve Free Flap -- 14.1 Anatomy -- 14.2 Diagnostics -- 14.3 Indications -- 14.4 Technique -- 14.5 Summary -- References -- 15: Spinal Accessory Nerve-Innervated Gracilis (XI-Gracilis) for Facial Reanimation: Chang Gung Experience -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Materials and Methods -- 15.3 Anatomy Review -- 15.3.1 Spinal Accessory Nerve (XI) -- 15.4 Technique of XI-Gracilis for Facial Reanimation, One-Stage Procedure -- 15.4.1 Preoperative Evaluation -- 15.4.2 Operative Method -- 15.5 Postoperative Cares and Rehabilitation -- 15.6 Outcome Assessment -- 15.7 Statistical Analysis -- 15.8 Results -- 15.8.1 Denervation Time -- 15.8.2 Ischemic Time for Gracilis Transfer -- 15.8.3 Complications -- 15.8.4 Smile Excursion Score -- 15.8.5 Cortical Adaptation Stage -- 15.8.6 Patient Questionnaire -- 15.8.7 Hadlock's SMILE Lip Excursion Scale -- 15.8.8 Terzis's Functional and Aesthetic Grading System -- 15.9 Discussion -- 15.9.1 Why Is the XI-Gracilis Not Popular? -- 15.9.2 Sequelae by XI Transect -- 15.9.3 Why Patients of Postparalysis Facial Synkinesis Are Included? -- 15.9.4 Cortical Adaptation -- 15.9.5 Result Evaluation -- 15.9.6 Indication and Contraindication -- 15.10 Summary -- References -- 16: One-Stage Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Transfer for Facial Reanimation: Comparison Between Single and Dual ; Innervation -- 16.1 History of One-Stage Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Transfer -- 16.2 Dual-Innervation Technique -- 16.2.1 Emergence of the Dual-Innervation Technique -- 16.2.2 Surgical Technique -- 16.2.2.1 Preoperative Planning -- 16.2.2.2 Preparation of the Cheek Pocket.; 16.2.2.3 Harvesting the Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Segment.

China between empires [[electronic resource] ] : the northern and southern dynasties / / Mark Edward Lewis

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910778165003321
• Autore: Lewis Mark Edward <1954->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cambridge, Mass., : Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2009
• ISBN: 0-674-26540-8; 0-674-04015-5
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (351 p.)
• Collana: History of imperial China
• Disciplina: 931/.04
• Soggetti: HISTORY / Asia / China; China History 220-589
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (p. [299]-324) and index.
• Nota di contenuto: The geography of the north and south China -- The rise of the great families -- Military dynasticism -- Urban transformation -- Rural life -- China and the outer world -- Redefining kinship -- Daoism and Buddhism -- Writing.
• Sommario/riassunto: After the collapse of the Han dynasty in the third century CE, China divided along a north-south line. This book traces the changes that both underlay and resulted from this split in a period that saw the geographic redefinition of China, more engagement with the outside world, significant changes to family life, developments in the literary and social arenas, and the introduction of new religions.