The change of position defence / Elise Bant

• Record Nr.: UNINA9911106938703321
• Autore: Bant Elise
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Oxford ; Portland, Oregon, : Hart Publishing, 2009
• ISBN: 9786612388002; 9781472560469; 1472560469; 9781282388000; 1282388002; 9781847315076; 1847315070
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (292 p.)
• Disciplina: 340.2; 346.029
• Soggetti: Unjust enrichment; Restitution; Estoppel; Mistake (Law)
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)--University of Oxford, 2008
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index
• Nota di contenuto: 1. Introduction and Overview -- A Introduction -- B The Change of Position Defence -- (1) A Core Case -- (2) The Four Main Areas of Doubt -- (a) The Reliance Issue -- (b) The Fault Issue -- (c) The Ambit of Operation Issue -- (d) The Rationale Issue -- C Underlying Assumptions -- (1) Introduction -- (2) The Nature of Unjust Enrichment -- (3) Restitution and Unjust Enrichment -- (4) A Fusionist Approach -- D Methodology and Overview -- (1) Introduction -- (2) Part One-Foundations -- (3) Part Two-Definition -- (4) Part Three-Ramifications -- Part One: Foundations -- 2. Lessons from Estoppel by Representation -- A Introduction -- B Elements of Estoppel by Representation -- (1) Representation -- (2) Reliance -- (a) The Meaning of Reliance -- (b) The Role of Reliance as a Causal Requirement -- (c) ; The Applicable Test of Causation -- (d) Proving Reliance -- (e) A Residual, Evidential Role for the 'But For' Test. -- (f) The Normative Significance of Reliance -- (g) Lessons for the Change of Position Defence -- (3) The 'Reasonableness' Requirement -- (a) The Defendant's Reliance must be Reasonable -- (b) The Standard of Reasonableness and its Relationship to Good Faith -- (c) The Function of the Reasonableness Requirement -- (d) Lessons for the Change of Position Defence -- (4) Detriment -- (a) The Meaning of Detriment -- (b) The Time for Assessing the Detrimental Change of Position -- (c) Detrimental Changes of Position include Omissions and Non-pecuniary Changes -- (d) The Change of Position must be Irreversible -- (e) Lessons for the Change of Position Defence -- C Bars to the Defence -- (1) Defendant at Fault in Inducing the Representation -- (2) Defendant in Breach of Duty -- (3) Illegality -- D Conclusion -- 3. Lessons from the Defence of Payment Over by an Agent -- A Introduction -- B The Requirement of Payment Over -- C Notice -- D Bars to the Defence -- E Conclusion -- 4. Lessons from Rescission -- A Introduction -- B Restitutio in Integrum -- (1) Rescission and the Requirement of Restitutio in Integrum -- (2) The Requirement of Counter-restitution -- (a) Rationale -- (b) Elements and Operation -- (c) Application of the Two Claims Approach to Rescission Cases -- (3) The Defendant's Changes of Position -- (a) Change by Exchange -- (b) Independent Changes in the Received Benefit -- (c) Defendant-instigated Changes of Position -- (4) The Claimant's Changes of Position -- (a) Independent Changes in the Received Benefit -- (b) Claimant-instigated Changes of Position -- (c) An Irreconcilable Tension? -- C Conclusion -- (1) Rationale -- (2) Elements -- (3) Ambit of Operation -- Part Two: Definition -- 5. Primary Elements -- A Introduction -- B Elements -- (1) A Detrimental Change of Position -- (a) Detriment as 'Disenrichment' -- (b) Detriment as 'Irreversibility' -- (c) The Irreversibility Approach is to be Preferred -- (d) Proving the Irreversible Change of Position -- (2) Causation -- (a) Introduction -- (b) But-for Causation in Cases of Independent Changes of Position -- (c) Good Faith in Cases of Independent Changes of Position -- (d) Reliance in Cases of Defendant-instigated Changes of Position -- (e) Reliance must be Reasonable -- (f) Anticipatory Changes of Position -- (g) Proving Causation -- (3) The Impact of Third Parties -- C Conclusion -- 6. Fault as a Bar to the Defence -- A Introduction -- B Wrongdoers -- C Duress and Undue Influence -- D The Innocent Inducer -- E Illegality and Legal Stultification -- F Fault in the Defendant's Change of Position -- G Conclusion -- 7. Ambit of Operation -- A Introduction -- B Application to Claims in Unjust Enrichment -- (1) Mistake -- (2) Duress and Undue Influence -- (3) Failure of Consideration -- (4) No Intention to Benefit -- (5) Policy-motivated Unjust Factors -- (6) Cases of Proprietary Restitution -- C Application to Claims outside Unjust Enrichment -- D Conclusion -- 8. Rationale -- A Introduction -- B Disenrichment -- C Autonomy -- D Security of Receipt -- E A Harm-based Rationale -- F A Mixed Rationale of Protection and Prophylaxis -- G Conclusion -- 9. Conclusion -- Part Three: Ramifications -- 10. Ramifications -- A Introduction -- B Estoppel by Representation -- C Payment Over and Ministerial Receipt -- D Restitutio in Integrum -- E Good Consideration -- F Bona Fide Purchase -- G Statutory Change of Position Defences -- H Conclusion
• Sommario/riassunto: This book defines and explains the operation of the defence of change of position in Anglo-Australian law. It is a widely accepted view that the defence is a modern development, the first express recognition of which can be traced in England to the seminal decision of the House of Lords in Lipkin Gorman (a firm) v Karpnale Ltd. Commentators have ; accordingly tended to focus on post-Lipkin case law in discussing the defence and its many disputed features. This work takes a different stance, arguing that the defence is best understood by placing it within its broader historical and legal context. It explains that the foundations of the defence can be found in the related doctrines of estoppel by representation, the agent's defence of payment over and the law of rescission. The analysis applies crucial insights from those areas, together with the change of position authorities and broader considerations of policy and principle, to develop a rigorous model of the change of position defence. The work not only provides a clear and exhaustive examination of the defence, but demonstrates that, properly understood, the defence operates in a rational and justifiable manner within its broader private law context. In so doing, its analysis meets the oft-expressed concern than the defence may operate in an unprincipled way or by reference to 'that vague jurisprudence which is sometimes attractively styled "justice as between man and man"'

Genealogy and Status : Hereditary Office Holding and Kinship in North China under Mongol Rule / / Tomoyasu Iiyama

• Record Nr.: UNINA9911100796303321
• Autore: Iiyama Tomoyasu
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Massachusetts ; ; Cambridge : , : Harvard University Asia Center, , 2023; ©2023
• ISBN: 1-68417-657-3
• Edizione: [First edition.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (392 pages)
• Collana: Harvard-Yenching Institute Monograph Series ; ; Volume 135
• Disciplina: 929.20951
• Soggetti: Mongols - History - To 1500; Nobility - China - Genealogy; Stele (Archaeology) - China; China History Yuan dynasty, 1260-1368; China History Jin dynasty, 1115-1234; China History Ming dynasty, 1368-1644
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Preliminary Material / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Introduction / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Pursuing and Maintaining Political Success under Mongol Rule / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Genealogical Steles -- Evolution and Social and Cultural Background / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Navigating Yuan Officialdom / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Kinship Imagined in Genealogical Stele Inscriptions / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- The Reinterpretation of Genealogical Stele Inscriptions after the Demise of Mongol Rule / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Mongol Rule in North China / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- The Geographical Definition of North China / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Genealogical Steles from the Jin / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Genealogical Steles from the Yuan / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Topological Analysis of the Jin-Yuan Genealogical Steles / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Marriage Cases from Jin Mengzhou / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Marriage Cases from Yuan Genealogical Steles / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Genealogical Steles from the Ming / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Notes / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Bibliography / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Index / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama -- Harvard-Yenching Institute Monograph Series / Author: Tomoyasu Iiyama.
• Sommario/riassunto: By shedding light on a long-forgotten epigraphic genre that flourished in North China during the Mongol Empire, or Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368), Genealogy and Status explores the ways the conquered Chinese people understood and represented the alien Mongol ruling principles through their own cultural tradition. This epigraphic genre, which this book collectively calls “genealogical steles,” was quite unique in the history of Chinese epigraphy. Northern Chinese officials commissioned these steles exclusively to record a family’s extensive genealogy, rather than the biography or achievements of an individual. Tomoyasu Iiyama shows how the rise of these steles demonstrates that Mongol rule fundamentally affected how northern Chinese families defined, organized, and commemorated their kinship. Because most of these inscriptions are in Classical Chinese, they appear to be part of Chinese tradition. In fact, they reflect a massive social change in Chinese society that occurred because of Mongol rule in China. The evolution of genealogical steles delineates how local elites, while thinking of themselves as the heirs of traditional Chinese culture, fully accommodated to Mongol imperial rule and became instead one of its cornerstones in eastern Eurasia. See Less