Cosmic secrets : basic features of reality / / Wolfram Schommers

• Record Nr.: UNINA9911093601703321
• Autore: Schommers Wolfram <1941->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Singapore ; ; Hackensack, N.J., : World Scientific, c2012
• ISBN: 9786613555243; 9781280354403; 1280354402; 9789812836441; 9812836446
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (400 p.)
• Disciplina: 501; 523.1
• Soggetti: Cosmology; Space and time; Quantum cosmology; Quantum theory
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (p. 369-371) and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Foreword; Contents; 1. The Absolute Truth; 1.1 Final Truth; 1.2 Two Important Questions; 1.3 Why Does the Cosmos Exist?; 1.4 Are the Laws of Nature Independent of the Observer's Own Nature?; 1.5 Self-Indulgence was Dominant; 1.6 Newton's Mechanics and Its Overestimation; 1.6.1 Instead of Gods, Capricious Fairies etc. We Have the Equations of Motion; 1.6.2 Lamettrie and the Monistic Picture of Man; 1.6.3 Conclusion; 1.7 Scientific Realism; 1.8 An Important Principle: As Little Outside World as Possible; 1.9 Inside World and Outside World; 1.9.1 One-to-One Correspondence?; 1.9.2 Cinema and Cinema Ticket1.9.3 Summary; 1.10 Principal Questions; 1.10.1 Are Picture-Independent Physical Considerations Possible?; 1.10.2 Why Do We and the Cosmos Exist?; 1.11 How Does Science Progress?; 1.11.1 Science Progresses by Eliminating the Number of Unanswered Questions; 1.11.2 Principle of Propagation of Questions; 1.11.3 Substitution Instead of Successive Refinement; ; 1.11.4 Summary; 1.12 Final Remarks; 2. The Projection Principle; 2.1 The Elements of Space and Time; 2.2 Relationship between Matter and Space-Time; 2.3 Two Relevant Features; 2.3.1 Feature 1; 2.3.2 Feature 2; 2.4 Two Kinds of "Objects"2.5 Perception Processes; 2.5.1 The Experiment with Inverting Goggles; 2.5.2 Space and Time Come into Existence by Specific Brain Functions; 2.6 Inside World and Outside World; 2.7 The Influence of Evolution; 2.8 Information in the Picture Versus Information in Basic Reality (Outside Reality); 2.9 Other Biological Systems; 2.10 How Many (Geometrical) Objects can be in Space-Time?; 2.11 Two Types of Space-Time?; 2.12 Summary; 3. Fictitious Realities; 3.1 Conventional Quantum Theory: Critical Remarks; 3.1.1 A Diversity of Opinion; 3.1.2 Some Specific Problems within Conventional Quantum Theory3.2 The Projection Principle in Connection with Fictitious Realities; 3.2.1 Alternative Realities; 3.2.2 Relationships; 3.2.3 Sequences; 3.3 Distribution of Information; 3.4 Basic Transformation Effects; 3.4.1 Particles; 3.4.2 Role of Time t; 3.4.3 Non-Local Effects; 3.4.4 Conclusion; 3.5 Pictures within Projection Theory; 3.6 Auxiliary Constructions; 3.6.1 Energy within Conventional Physics; 3.6.2 The Physical Laws of Basic Reality; 3.6.3 Remark; 3.7 Basic Laws; 3.7.1 Stationary Case; 3.7.2 Non-Stationary Case; 3.7.3 Discussion; 3.8 Extension of Conventional Quantum Theory3.9 Only Processes are Relevant!; 3.9.1 Free Systems; 3.9.2 Principle of Usefulness; 3.9.3 Real Situation; 3.9.4 Summary; 3.10 Interactions; 3.10.1 What Does Interaction Mean within Projection Theory?; 3.10.2 Delocalized Systems in (p, E)-Space; 3.10.3 Abstract Interaction Laws; 3.11 Distance-Independent Interactions; 3.11.1 General Remarks; 3.11.2 Principal Analysis; 3.11.3 Basic Equations in the Case of Distance-Independent Interactions; 3.11.4 No Exchange of "Space-Time Pieces"; 3.12 Arbitrary Jumps within (r, t )-Space; 3.12.1 The (p, E)-Distributions
• Sommario/riassunto: We see objects in front of us, and experience a real material effect when we approach and touch them. Thus, we conclude that all objects are embedded in space and exist objectively. However, such experiences in everyday life cannot be transferred to the atomic level: within standard quantum theory, the material world is still embedded in space, but it no longer has an objective existence. How can objects be embedded in space without existing objectively? This book addresses this and similar issues in an illustrative and non-conventional way. Using up-to-date information, the following basic qu

Institution-independent model theory / / Razvan Diaconescu

• Record Nr.: UNINA9911142678703321
• Autore: Diaconescu Răzvan
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Basel ; ; Boston, : Birkhauser, c2008
• ISBN: 1-281-86259-2; 9786611862596; 3-7643-8708-4
• Edizione: [1st ed. 2008.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (386 p.)
• Collana: Studies in universal logic
• Disciplina: 511.3; 511.34
• Soggetti: Model theory; Logic, Symbolic and mathematical
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Categories -- Institutions -- Theories and Models -- Internal Logic -- Model Ultraproducts -- Saturated Models -- Preservation and Axiomatizability -- Interpolation -- Definability -- Possible Worlds -- Grothendieck Institutions -- Institutions with Proofs -- Specification -- Logic Programming.
• Sommario/riassunto: A model theory that is independent of any concrete logical system allows a general handling of a large variety of logics. This generality can be achieved by applying the theory of institutions that provides a precise mathematical formulation for the intuitive concept of a logical system. Especially in computer science, where the development of a huge number of specification logics is observable, institution-independent model theory simplifies and sometimes even enables a concise model-theoretic analysis of the system. Besides incorporating important methods and concepts from conventional model theory, the proposed top-down methodology allows for a structurally clean understanding of model-theoretic phenomena. As a consequence, results from conventional concrete model theory can be understood more easily, and sometimes even new results are obtained.