History lessons for the Arctic : what international maritime disputes tell us about a New Ocean / / editor, Heather A. Conley

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910159443203321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Lanham, Maryland : , : Center for Strategic & International Studies : , : Rowman & Littlefield, , 2016; ©2016
• ISBN: 1-4422-7983-4
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (61 pages) : color illustrations, maps
• Disciplina: 343.096
• Soggetti: Maritime law - Arctic regions; Arctic Ocean International status; Arctique, Océan Statut international; Arctic Ocean; Arctic Regions
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: "December 2016"--Cover.
• Nota di contenuto: Executive summary -- Lessons for the Arctic: developing an international normative framework for a new ocean / Heather A. Conley -- The 1920 Svalbard Treaty / Kristine Offerdal -- The 1936 Montreux Convention / Nilufer Oral -- The 1959 Antarctic Treaty and Subsequent Antarctic Treaty System / Alan D. Hemmings.
• Sommario/riassunto: This report examines three historical maritime disputes to draw lessons and insights for the future of maritime governance in a rapidly transforming Arctic. The historical case studies--the 1920 Svalbard Treaty and the implementation of the fisheries protection zone in the Svalbard Archipelago; the 1936 Montreux Convention and the challenge of adapting this instrument to modern maritime requirements amid increased regional tensions in the Black and Eastern Mediterranean Seas; and the 1961 Antarctic Treaty and the efforts leading to the establishment of a marine protected area (MPA) in the Ross Sea--are highly instructive cases for a region that also must balance a confluence of international economic development, environmental protection, and security concerns along strategic and ecologically ; sensitive maritime spaces. While historically unique, six important lessons for the Arctic and its future governing needs were gleaned that address challenging geography, the assertion of national sovereignty, and the pursuit of shared environmental goals. It is hoped that these lessons can inform the development of future Arctic governance structures and mechanisms. If policymakers can find an adaptive equilibrium between sovereignty and national interests, on the one hand, and broader international interests of stability, security, and environmental protection, on the other, a promising future for governing the Arctic can be secured.

Finite elements : computational engineering sciences / / A.J. Baker

• Record Nr.: UNINA9911020465303321
• Autore: Baker A. J. <1936->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley, 2012
• ISBN: 9786613886569; 9781283574112; 128357411X; 9781118369890; 1118369890; 9781118369920; 1118369920; 9781118369913; 1118369912; 9781118379929; 1118379926
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (289 p.)
• Disciplina: 620.001/51825
• Soggetti: Finite element method
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Finite Elements: Computational Engineering Sciences; Contents; ; Preface; About the Author; Notations; 1 The Computational Engineering Sciences: an introduction; 1.1 Engineering Simulation; 1.2 A Problem-Solving Environment; 1.3 Weak Formulation Essence; 1.4 Decisions on Forming WSN; 1.5 Discrete WSh Implementations; 1.6 Chapter Summary; References; 2 Problem Statements: in the engineering sciences; 2.1 Engineering Simulation; 2.2 Continuum Mechanics Viewpoint; 2.3 Continuum Conservation Principle Forms; 2.4 Constitutive Closure for Conservation Principle PDEs; 2.5 Engineering Science Continuum MechanicsReferences; 3 Some Introductory Material: PDEs, BCs, solutions, discrete concepts; 3.1 Example Linear Heat Conduction Solutions; 3.2 Multidimensional PDEs, Separation of Variables; 3.3 Mathematical Foundation Essence for GWSN; 3.4 A Legacy FD Construction; 3.5 An FD Approximate Solution; 3.6 Lagrange Interpolation Polynomials; 3.7 Chapter Summary; Exercises; References; 4 Heat Conduction: an FE weak statement tutorial; 4.1 A Steady Heat Conduction Example; 4.2 Weak Form Approximation, Error Extremization; 5.6 Global Theory, Asymptotic Error Estimate5.7 Nonsmooth Data, Theory Generalization; 5.8 Temperature-Dependent Conductivity, Nonlinearity; 5.9 Static Condensation, p-Elements; 5.10 Chapter Summary; Exercises; Computer Labs; References; 6 Engineering Sciences, n = 1: GWSh {Nk(ζα)} implementations in the computational engineering sciences; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 The Euler-Bernoulli Beam Equation; 6.3 Euler-Bernoulli Beam Theory GWSh Reformulation; 6.4 Timoshenko Beam Theory; 6.5 Mechanical Vibrations of a Beam; 6.6 Fluid Mechanics, Potential Flow; 6.7 Electromagnetic Plane Wave Propagation; 6.8 Convection-Radiation Finned Cylinder Heat Transfer6.9 Chapter Summary; Exercises; Computer Labs; References; 7 Steady Heat Transfer, n > 1: n = 2, 3 GWSh for D E+ BCs, FE bases, convergence, error mechanisms; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Multidimensional FE Bases and DOF; 7.3 Multidimensional FE Operations for {Nk(ζ α)}; 7.4 The NCk = 1,2 Basis FE Matrix Library; 7.5 NC Basis {WS}e Template, Accuracy, Convergence; 7.6 The Tensor Product Basis Element Family; 7.7 Gauss Numerical Quadrature, k = 1 TP Basis Library; 7.8 Convection-Radiation BC GWSh Implementation; 7.9 Linear Basis GWSh Template Unification
• Sommario/riassunto: Approaches computational engineering sciences from the perspective of engineering applications Uniting theory with hands-on computer practice, this book gives readers a firm appreciation of the error mechanisms and control that underlie discrete approximation implementations in the engineering sciences. Key features: Illustrative examples include heat conduction, structural mechanics, mechanical vibrations, heat transfer with convection and radiation, fluid mechanics and heat and mass transportTakes a cross-discipline continuum mechanics viewpoi