1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910957403303321

Autore

Valencia Fabian

Titolo

Banks’ Precautionary Capital and Persistent Credit Crunches / / Fabian Valencia

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2008

ISBN

9786612841996

9781462358816

1462358810

9781452749075

1452749078

9781451871067

1451871066

9781282841994

1282841998

Edizione

[1st ed.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (37 p.)

Collana

IMF Working Papers

IMF working paper ; ; WP/08/248

Disciplina

330.973

Soggetti

Financial crises - United States - Econometric models

Bank capital - United States - Econometric models

Bank failures - United States - Econometric models

Credit - United States - Econometric models

Risk - United States - Econometric models

Bank credit

Banking

Bankruptcy

Banks and Banking

Banks and banking

Banks

Credit

Debt

Depository Institutions

Finance

Finance: General

Industries: Financial Services

Liquidation

Loans

Micro Finance Institutions

Monetary economics



Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General

Money and Monetary Policy

Mortgages

Solvency

United States

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references.

Nota di contenuto

Contents; I. Introduction; II. Banks and the Real Economy; III. The Model; A. The Loan Contract; B. The Bank's Optimization Problem; C. Solution; D. Risk and the Target Level of Solvency; IV. Quantitative Experiments; V. Bank Recapitalization; VI. Conclusions; Figures; 1. Bank Credit as Percentage of GDP, Selected Countries; 2. Optimal Policy Functions; 3. Target Level of Solvency; 4. Responses to a Negative Transitory Productivity Shock; 5. Responses to an Interest Rate Increase; 6. Responses to a Large Negative Shock, With and Without Recapitalization

7. Credit Crunch Severity and Bank Recapitalization Tables; 1. Bank's Sequence of Events; 2. Public Recapitalization Costs for Selected Crises Episodes; 3. Sensitivity Analysis to a 2-σ Productivity Shock; 4. Bank's Solvency Regions; Appendix; 8. Deposit Interest Rate; References

Sommario/riassunto

Periods of banking distress are often followed by sizable and long-lasting contractions in bank credit. They may be explained by a declined demand by financially impaired borrowers (the conventional financial accelerator) or by lower supply by capital-constrained banks, a "credit crunch". This paper develops a bank model to study credit crunches and their real effects. In this model, banks maintain a precautionary level of capital that serves as a smoothing mechanism to avert disruptions in the supply of credit when hit by small shocks. However, for larger shocks, highly persistent credit crunches may arise even when the impulse is a one time, non-serially correlated event. From a policy perspective, the model justifies the use of public funds to recapitalize banks following a significant deterioration in their capital position.



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9911020239703321

Titolo

Services for UMTS : creating killer applications in 3G / / edited by Tomi T. Ahonen, Joe Barrett

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Chichester, : Wiley, c2002

ISBN

9786610268863

9781280268861

1280268867

9780470024782

047002478X

9780470014172

0470014172

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (392 p.)

Altri autori (Persone)

AhonenTomi T

BarrettJoe <1956->

Disciplina

384.534

621.3845

Soggetti

Mobile communication systems

Personal communication service systems

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgements; List of Contributors; 1 Intro to Services for UMTS - The Future Starts Here; 1.1 Enriching the experience. From ears to eyes; 1.2 Fixed internets, second generations, and UMTS; 1.3 Recent service trends; 1.4 Money lessons from the fixed internet; 1.5 The end of the beginning; 2 Attributes of Services for UMTS - What Makes for Desirable Services; 2.1 Competition from old economy and beyond; 2.2 Micro-payments; 2.3 Further attributes; 2.4 Service creation aides; 2.5 At last on attributes; 3 The 5 M's of Services for UMTS - Killer Wanted

3.1 The 5 M's of UMTS service definition3.2 Testing the 5 M's: the Mobile Ring Tone; 3.3 Using the 5 M's; 3.4 Finally on the 5 M's; 4 Services to Address Movement Needs - Escaping the Fixed Place; 4.1 Adding value to travelling life; 4.2 Business to employee (B2E) services; 4.3 Business to business (B2B) services; 4.4 Order entry; 4.5 Telehealth



(telemedicine); 4.6 Messaging; 4.7 Organiser synchronisation; 4.8 Virtual PDA; 4.9 Moving beyond movement; 5 Services to Address Moment Needs - Expanding the Concept of Time; 5.1 Mobile information; 5.2 Mobile entertainment; 5.3 Music

5.4 Mobile banking5.5 Mobile games; 5.6 Adult entertainment; 5.7 Last moment on moment; 6 Services to Address the ""Me"" Needs - Extending Me and My Community; 6.1 Rich calls; 6.2 WTA (Wireless Telephony Application); 6.3 Video calls; 6.4 Show Me; 6.5 SIP (Session Initiation Protocol); 6.6 Social messaging; 6.7 Standards and protocols to help customise services; 6.8 Profile management; 6.9 Me, myself and I; 7 Services to Address Money Needs - Expending Financial Resources; 7.1 Mobile commerce (mCommerce); 7.2 Buying and consuming digital content; 7.3 Intangible services

7.4 Brick and mortar store purchases7.5 mAd (Mobile Advertising); 7.6 Adver-tainment?; 7.7 Forwarding Ads and coupons; 7.8 Free trials; 7.9 AdPay (PromoPay); 7.10 Show me the money; 8 Services to Address Machine Needs - Empowering Gadgets and Devices; 8.1 In-car telematics; 8.2 Remote metering; 8.3 Remote control; 8.4 Shutting off the machines; 9 Types of UMTS Services - Categorising the Future; 9.1 Comparing 2G networks and UMTS; 9.2 Why the Mobile Internet will be successful; 9.3 Evolution of services from 2G to UMTS; 9.4 Categorisation of Services for UMTS; 9.5 Interpersonal communications

9.6 Infotainment9.7 Corporate services; 9.8 Consumer enterprise; 9.9 Psychology of service creation; 9.10 Typing up types; 10 Marketing UMTS Services - Segment, Segment, Segment !!; 10.1 How the marketing environment evolves with UMTS; 10.2 Retailer analogy; 10.3 Segmentation; 10.4 Segmentation model on UMTS service usage; 10.5 New segmentation methods; 10.6 Segmentation of initial network operator selection; 10.7 The UMTS operator brand; 10.8 Loyalty schemes; 10.9 Don't forget the UMTS distribution channel; 10.10 Preparing for launch; 10.11 Marking off marketing

11 Competitiveness in UMTS - The Winner Takes It All

Sommario/riassunto

UMTS is not about Technology, it is about Services...The UMTS or 3G environment is the ultimate convergence of fixed and mobile, voice and data, content and delivery. The result will be the largest and most complex communications system that man has designed. If you want a challenge then this is the industry to be in.Services for UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication System) or 3G (3rd Generation mobile networks) is a book about the near future, where UMTS allows mobile phones and other devices for communication, entertainment, personalised services, utility and fun to be us