Understanding Delta-Sigma data converters / / Shanthi Pavan, Richard Schreier, Gabor C. Temes

• Record Nr.: UNINA9911019892503321
• Autore: Pavan Shanthi <1973->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hoboken, New Jersey : , : John Wiley & Sons, Inc. : , : IEEE Press, , 2017
• ISBN: 9781119258292; 1119258294; 9781119258285; 1119258286; 9781119258308; 1119258308
• Edizione: [Second edition]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (xiv, 564 pages) : illustrations (some colour)
• Collana: IEEE Press series on microelectronic systems
• Altri autori (Persone): SchreierRichard <1961->; TemesGabor C. <1929->
• Disciplina: 621.38159
• Soggetti: Analog-to-digital converters; Digital-to-analog converters; Modulators (Electronics); Convertidors analògic/digitals; Convertidors digital/analògics; Moduladors (Electrònica)
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Previous ed., 2004.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: 1 The Magic of Delta-Sigma Modulation -- 2 Sampling, Oversampling, and Noise-Shaping -- 3 Second-Order Delta-Sigma Modulation -- 4 High-Order Delta-Sigma Modulators -- 5 Multi-Stage and Multi-Quantizer Delta-Sigma Modulators -- 6 Mismatch-Shaping -- 7 Circuit Design for Discrete-Time Delta-Sigma ADCs -- 8 Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulation -- 9 Nonidealities in Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators -- 10 Circuit Design for Continuous-Time Delta-Sigma Modulators -- 11 Bandpass and Quadrature Delta-Sigma Modulation -- 12 Incremental Analog-to-Digital Converters -- 13 Delta-Sigma DACs -- 14 Interpolation and Decimation Filters -- A Spectral Estimation -- B The Delta-Sigma Toolbox -- C Linear ; Periodically Time-Varying Systems -- Index.
• Sommario/riassunto: This new edition introduces operation and design techniques for Sigma-Delta converters in physical and conceptual terms, and includes chapters which explore developments in the field over the last decade. Includes information on MASH architectures, digital-to-analog converter (DAC) mismatch and mismatch shaping. Investigates new topics including continuous-time ΔΣ analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) principles and designs, circuit design for both continuous-time and discrete-time ΔΣ ADCs, decimation and interpolation filters, and incremental ADCs. Provides emphasis on practical design issues for industry professionals.

Coral reefs : biology, threats and restoration / / Thomas B. Davin and Anna P. Brannet, editors

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910963422603321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: New York, : Nova Science Publishers, c2009
• ISBN: 1-61209-076-1
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: xii, 269 p. : ill. (some col.), maps
• Collana: Oceanography and ocean engineering series
• Altri autori (Persone): DavinThomas B; BrannetAnna P
• Disciplina: 578.77/89
• Soggetti: Coral reef biology; Endangered ecosystems; Coral reef restoration
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- CORAL REEFS: BIOLOGY, THREATS AND RESTORATION -- CORAL REEFS: BIOLOGY, THREATS AND RESTORATION -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- ADVANCES IN MARINE ORNAMENTAL AQUACULTURE: BREEDING AND REARING STUDIES -- ABSTRACT -- 1. OVERVIEW OF THE MARINE ORNAMENTAL TRADE -- 2. CAPTIVE BRED ORGANISMS -- 2.1. DEMERSAL SPAWNERS -- 2.1.1. Breeding and Rearing Damselfishes -- A) Clownfishes (Anemonefishes) -- B) Yellow-Tailed Damselfish -- ; 2.1.2. Breeding and Rearing Gobies -- A) Cleaner Goby -- 2.2. EGG BALL LAYERS -- 2.2.1. Breeding and Rearing Dottybacks -- A) Sunrise Dottyback and Orchid Dottyback -- 2.2.2. Breeding and Rearing the Comet -- 2.3. PELAGIC SPAWNERS -- 2.3.1. Breeding and Rearing Pigmy Angelfishes -- 2.3.2. Breeding and Rearing Wrasses -- CUBAN HOGFISH -- 2.3.3. Breeding and Rearing Sciaenidae -- A) Jackknife Fish -- B) Cubbyu -- 2.4. MOUTH BREEDERS -- 2.4.1. Breeding and Rearing Cardinal Fish -- A) Banggai Cardinal -- 2.5. DECAPOD SHRIMP -- 2.5.1. Breeding and Rearing Cleaner Shrimp Hippolytidae -- A) The Peppermint Shrimp -- B) The Fire Shrimp -- 3. DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- FREE-LIVING ZOOXANTHELLAE: BEHAVIOR, ECOLOGY AND IMPORTANCE ON THE CORAL REEF -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF DEVELOPING SUSTAINABLE USE STRATEGIES AND RESTORATION ACTIVITIES FOR CORALS AND CORAL REEFS -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. MORE CORAL ATTRIBUTES -- THE CORAL (GOLDEN) TRIANGLE -- 2.1. More about the Tropical Coral Marine Environment -- 2.2. The Coral Triangle -- 2.3. Coral Habitat Provision -- Coral Biodiversity -- 3. FISHERIES AND CORALS -- 3.1. Tropical Reefs -- 3.2. Fisheries and Deep Sea Corals -- 3.3. Coral Triangle Fisheries -- 4. THREATS TO CORALS AND REEF FISHERIES -- 4.1. Threat Overview -- 4.2. Marine Predators--the Crown-of-Thorns Starfish -- 5. MORE ON ANTHROPOGENIC THREATS.; 5.1. Temperature and Sea Level Rise Impacts -- 5.2. Loss of Marine Carbonite Material from Increased Atmospheric CO2 -- 5.3. Tourism -- 6. PROTECTION, PRESERVATION AND RESTORATION MEASURES -- 6.1. Reserves -- 6.2. The Nwhi Monument -- 6.3. The PIPA of the Kiribati Republic -- 6.4. Rezoning of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP) -- 6.5. Marine Park Areas -- 7. RESTORATION -- 8. SOCIO-ECONOMIC VALUES -- 8.1. Social Cost versus Private Returns to Destructive Activities -- 8.2. MPA Benefits -- 8.3. Non-Market Valuation -- the Contingent Valuation Method -- 8.4. Unintended Consequences of Land Use Regulation -- 9. SOME CLOSING COMMENTS -- REFERENCES -- ANTHROPOGENIC SURFACE OCEAN ACIDIFICATION WITH INCREASING ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE AND ITS IMPACT ON CORAL CALCIFICATION -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- CORAL CULTURE EXPERIMENTS -- CORAL CALCIFICATION -- PREDICTED CORAL CALCIFICATION IN FUTURE -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF LOCAL AND GLOBAL THREATS TO CARIBBEAN CORAL REEFS*,1 -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- METHODOLOGY -- Overall Approach -- Coral Reef Functions, Goods and Services -- Economic Benefits of Coral Reefs -- Valuation Techniques -- Data Collection to Quantify Costs and Benefits -- Tourist and Resident Survey -- Benefits Transfer -- Literature Review and Key Informant Interviews -- THE MODEL -- Ecological Module -- Tourist Module -- Amenity Module -- Fisheries Module -- Biodiversity Module -- CASE STUDY NEGRIL - JAMAICA -- Introduction -- Background -- The Survey -- Model Results -- CASE STUDY HOL CHAN - BELIZE -- Introduction -- Background -- The Survey -- Model Results -- CASE STUDY GRAND ANSE - GRENADA -- Introduction -- Background -- Threats -- The Survey -- Model Results -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- PRECIOUS CORAL EXPLOITATION -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION.; 2. ECOLOGY OF PRECIOUS CORALS -- 2.1. Taxonomic and Functional Classification and Definition -- 2.2. General Biological Traits and Ecological Role of Precious Corals -- 2.3. Tropical Pink and Red Corals (Corallium sp.) -- 2.4. Mediterranean Red Coral (Corallium rubrum) -- 2.5. Black Coral (Antipatharia spp.) -- 2.6. Gold Corals (mainly Gerardia ; spp.) -- 2.7. Other Precious Corals -- 3. CULTURE AND HISTORY OF PRECIOUS CORAL EXPLOITATION -- 3.1. Cultural Importance and Use of Precious Corals -- 3.2. History of Coral Exploitation -- 4. MANAGEMENT AND SOCIOECONOMY -- 4.1. Modern Exploitation Methods -- 4.1.1. Harvesting Methodology Using SCUBA -- 4.1.2. Modern SCUBA technology -- 4.1.3. ROVs and Manned Submersibles -- 4.2. Use of Precious Corals -- 4.3. Economy and Trade -- 4.4. Recent Yield Data -- 4.5. Conservation and Management -- 4.5.1. Hawaiian Black Coral -- 4.5.2. Mediterranean Red Coral -- 4.5.3. Habitat Conservation Considerations -- 4.6. Active Restoration -- 4.7. Recommendations -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- ASSESSMENT OF MARINE POLLUTION IN TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL REGION USING TRACE ELEMENTS IN CORAL SKELETONS* -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. CARBONATE REFERENCE MATERIALS -- 2-1. Necessity of Reference Material for Studies Using a Coral Skeleton -- 2-2. Preparation of Carbonate Reference Material JCp-1 and JCt-1 -- 2-3. Analytical Methods -- 2-4. Analytical Results -- 3. CORAL SAMPLES AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURE -- 3-1. Coral Samples -- 3-2. Sub-sampling Procedure for Bulk Samples -- 3-3. Sub-sampling Procedure for Time Series Samples -- 3-4. Analytical Method -- 3-5. Stepwise Pretreatment Experiments -- 4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- 4-1. Evaluation of the Data -- 4-1-1. Reliability of the Analytical Method -- 4-1-2. Comparison with Previous Values.; 4-2. Results of the Pretreatment Experiments on Copper and Tin in a Coral Skeleton and its Possibility as Proxies for Marine Pollution by Antifouling Paints -- 4-2-1. Lattice-bound Copper and Tin in Coral Aragonite -- 4-2-2. Copper and Tin Outside Aragonite Lattice -- 4-2-3. Possible Proxies for Marine Pollution by Antifouling Paints -- 4-2-4. Copper and Tin in Coral Bulk Samples -- 4-3. Spatial and Temporal Variations of Anthropogenic Lead in the Western Pacific -- 4-3-1. Previous Studies on Environmental Pollution by Anthropogenic Lead -- 4-3-2. Spatial Variation of Lead in the Western Pacific and the Java Sea -- 4-3-3. Historical Variations of Lead -- 4-4. Manganese and Barium in Coral Skeletons as a Proxy for Terrestrial Inputs -- 4-5. Variation of Vanadium Contents in Coral Bulk Samples -- 4-6. Uranium in Coral Bulk Samples as an Indicator of Regional Sea Surface Temperature -- 5. SUMMARY -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- EL -NIÑO AND CORAL REEFS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- EL- NINO -- CORALS AND CORAL BLEACHING -- CORAL BLEACHING AND EL-NINO -- EASTERLY WAVES, HURRICANES AND EL-NINO -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- REVIEW: CAPACITY BUILDING IN SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CORAL REEFS. AN EXAMPLE FROM THE MESOAMERICAN BARRIER REEF. -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- MARINE RESERVES IN SOUTHERN BELIZE AND THEIR MANAGEMENT -- Sapodilla Cayes Marine Reserve (Scmr) -- Port Honduras Marine Reserve (PHMR) -- METHODS -- Field Research Capacity Building -- Management Planning Capacity Building -- RESULTS -- DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHANGES OF CASPASES IN THE BRAINS OF HYPOXIC FISH - A COMPARISON BETWEEN A CORAL REEF AND A FRESHWATER TELEOST -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES.; A SIMPLE NUMERICAL MODEL FOR THE DAMAGE OF CORALS BY TSUNAMI -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. METHODS -- 3. RESULTS -- 4. IMPLICATIONS FOR CORAL DAMAGE -- 5. MODEL IMPROVEMENTS -- 6. CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.
• Sommario/riassunto: Coral reefs are ancient and extremely complex communities ; functioning as a single unit. They are the 'rain forests of the sea, ' containing the richest biodiversity of all marine ecosystems. This book examines the biological aspects of coral reefs and the importance of their existence