Administrative measures to prevent and tackle crime : legal possibilities and practical application in EU member states / / A.C.M. Spapens, M. Peters and D. Van Daele (Eds.)

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910461591403321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: The Hague, The Netherlands : , : Eleven International Publishing, , [2015]; ©2015
• ISBN: 94-6274-340-1
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (726 p.)
• Disciplina: 363.2
• Soggetti: Criminology - European Union countries; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover; Table of Contents; Part I General introduction; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Background of the research; 1.2 Scope of the study and definition of 'administrative approach'; 1.2.1 Scope of the study; 1.2.2 Definition of the concept 'administrative approach'; 1.3 Methodology; 1.3.1 Legal study; 1.3.2 Empirical study; 1.4 Structure of the report; Bibliography; Part II The legal framework in ten EU Member States; 2 The administrative approach in Belgium; 2.1 Introduction: the debate about the administrative approach to combating organised crime in Belgium; 2.2 Instruments to screen and monitor persons and legal entities2.2.1 The granting of licences by administrative authorities; 2.2.1.1 Licences for pubs, restaurants and hotels; 2.2.1.2 Gaming licences; 2.2.1.2.1 General principles; 2.2.1.2.2 The operation of a casino; 2.2.1.2.3 The operation of a slot machine arcade; 2.2.2 The regulation of prostitution; 2.2.2.1 Municipal regulations; 2.2.2.2 The sale of alcohol in brothels; 2.2.3 The suspension and withdrawal of licences as administrative sanctions; 2.2.3.1 Legal basis; 2.2.3.2 Scope; 2.2.3.3 Procedure; 2.2.3.3.1 Prior notice; 2.2.3.3.2 Hearing of the person concerned2.2.3.3.3 Proportionality principle; 2.2.3.3.4 Duty to state grounds; 2.2.3.4 Legal remedies; 2.2.4 The suspension of a licence as an order preservation measure; ; 2.2.5 Public procurement law; 2.3 Instruments directed at preventing the disturbance of public order; 2.3.1 Municipalities and the maintenance of public order; 2.3.2 The closure of an establishment as an administrative sanction; 2.3.3 The closure of a place or establishment as an administrative police measure; 2.3.3.1 Non-fulfilment of operating conditions; 2.3.3.1.1 Scope; 2.3.3.1.2 Procedure; 2.3.3.1.3 Duration of the closure2.3.3.2 Disturbance of public order around an establishment; 2.3.3.2.1 Scope; 2.3.3.2.2 Procedure; 2.3.3.2.3 Duration of the closure; 2.3.3.3 Disturbance of public order in an establishment; 2.3.3.4 Infringements of the drug legislation; 2.3.3.4.1 Scope; 2.3.3.4.2 Procedure; 2.3.3.4.3 Duration of the closure; 2.3.3.5 Indications of trafficking or smuggling in human beings; 2.3.3.5.1 Scope; 2.3.3.5.2 Procedure; 2.3.3.5.3 Duration of closure; 2.4 The information position of the administrative authorities; Bibliography; 3 The administrative approach in the Czech Republic3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 Approach to serious and organized crime and measures outside the scope of criminal law in the Czech Republic; 3.1.1.1 Context; 3.1.1.2 Historical background to the approach to organized crime in the Czech Republic; 3.2 Existing measures on screening and/or monitoring the past and present criminal activities of natural persons; 3.2.1 Licences; 3.2.2 Subsidies; 3.2.3 Tenders; 3.2.4 Screening and/or monitoring procedure and permitted information sources; 3.2.4.1 Licences; 3.2.4.2 Subsidies; 3.2.4.3 Tenders; 3.2.5 Legal protection for a screened and/or monitored person
• Sommario/riassunto: Criminals and persons involved in serious and organized crime often do not limit their activities to purely illegal ones, such as drug trafficking, fraud, or property crimes. They also invest money in legal activities and businesses, for instance to exploit the revenues of their crimes or to generate a legal income. Criminals may establish or take over a construction company and then tender for government contracts. The 'business processes' of most types of organized crime also require legal facilities. Authorities thus have a particular interest in preventing criminals from either using the e

Aerosol sampling : science, standards, instrumentation and applications / / James H. Vincent

• Record Nr.: UNINA9911019337803321
• Autore: Vincent James H
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Chichester, England ; ; Hoboken, NJ, : John Wiley & Sons, c2007
• ISBN: 9786610839117; 9781280839115; 1280839112; 9780470060230; 0470060239; 9780470060223; 0470060220
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (638 p.)
• Disciplina: 628.5/30287
• Soggetti: Aerosols
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Aerosol Sampling; Contents; Preface; A SCIENTIFIC FRAMEWORK FOR AEROSOL SAMPLING; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Aerosols; 1.2 Particle size; 1.3 Elementary particle size statistics; 1.4 Aerosol measurement; 1.5 Sampler performance characteristics; References; 2 Fluid and aerosol mechanical background; 2.1 Fluid mechanical background; 2.1.1 Introduction; 2.1.2 Equations of fluid motion; 2.1.3 Streamlines and streamsurfaces; 2.1.4 Boundary layers; 2.1.5 Stagnation; 2.1.6 Potential flow; 2.1.7 Turbulence; 2.2 Aerosol mechanics; 2.2.1 Particle drag force and mobility; 2.2.2 Drag coefficient; 2.2.3 Slip; 2.2.4 General equation of motion under the in.uence of an external force2.2.5 Particle motion without external forces; 2.2.6 Particle aerodynamic diameter; 2.2.7 Impaction; 2.2.8 Molecular diffusion; 2.2.9 Turbulent diffusion; References; 3 Experimental methods in aerosol sampler studies; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Methodology for assessing sampler performance; 3.2.1 The direct (trajectory) method; 3.2.2 The indirect (comparison) method; 3.2.3 Critique of the alternative methods; 3.3 Scaling relationships for aerosol samplers; 3.4 ; Test facilities; 3.4.1 Moving air; 3.4.2 Calm air; 3.4.3 Slowly moving air3.5 Test aerosol generation; 3.5.1 Idealised test aerosols; 3.5.2 Dry-dispersed dusts; 3.5.3 Aerosol materials; 3.5.4 Electric charge effects; 3.6 Reference methods; 3.7 Assessment of collected aerosol; 3.8 Aerosol sampler test protocols and procedures; References; 4 The nature of air flow near aerosol samplers; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Line and point sink samplers; 4.3 Thin-walled slot and tube entries; 4.3.1 Facing the freestream; 4.3.2 Other orientations; 4.4 Thick-walled tubes; 4.5 Simple blunt samplers facing the wind; 4.5.1 Two-dimensional blunt sampling systems; 4.5.2 Axially symmetric blunt sampling systems4.6 Blunt samplers with orientations other than facing the wind; 4.6.1 A cylindrical blunt sampler; 4.6.2 Flow stability; 4.6.3 A spherical blunt sampler; 4.7 More complex sampling systems; 4.8 Effects of freestream turbulence; References; 5 Aerosol aspiration in moving air; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Thin-walled tube samplers; 5.2.1 Qualitative picture of aerosol transport; 5.2.2 Impaction model for a thin-walled tube facing the freestream; 5.2.3 Physical definition of impaction efficiency for aerosol sampling; 5.2.4 Experimental studies for thin-walled tubes facing the freestream5.2.5 Experimental studies for thin-walled tubes at other orientations; 5.2.6 Impaction model for other orientations; 5.2.7 Mathematical models; 5.2.8 Conditions for 'acceptable' isokinetic sampling; 5.3 Blunt samplers; 5.3.1 Impaction model for a blunt sampler facing the freestream; 5.3.2 Experimental investigations of blunt samplers of simple shape facing the wind; 5.3.3 Blunt samplers at other orientations; 5.3.4 Mathematical and numerical approaches to blunt samplers; 5.3.5 Orientation-averaged conditions; References; 6 Aspiration in calm and slowly moving air
• Sommario/riassunto: This book provides a comprehensive account of the important field of aerosol sampling as it is applied to the measurement of aerosols that are ubiquitous in occupational and living environments, both indoor and outdoor. It is written in four parts: Part A contains 9 chapters that describe the current knowledge of the physical science that underpins the process of aerosol sampling. Part B contains 4 chapters, which present the basis of standards for aerosols, including the link with human exposure by inhalation. Part C contains 7 chapters that cover the development of practical aerosol sa