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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910156337103321 |
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Autore |
Antoni Rodolphe |
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Titolo |
Applied Physics of External Radiation Exposure : Dosimetry and Radiation Protection / / by Rodolphe Antoni, Laurent Bourgois |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2017 |
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Edizione |
[1st ed. 2017.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (XV, 470 p. 277 illus., 21 illus. in color.) |
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Collana |
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Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering, , 1618-7210 |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Medical physics |
Radiation |
Radiology |
Biomedical engineering |
Particle acceleration |
Physics |
Medical and Radiation Physics |
Diagnostic Radiology |
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering |
Particle Acceleration and Detection, Beam Physics |
Numerical and Computational Physics, Simulation |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Basic Physical Quantities Used in Radiation Protection for External Exposure -- Interaction of Ionizing Radiation in Tissue : Assessment of Kerma and Absorbed Dose -- Protection and Operational Quantities, Dosimeter Calibration -- Assessment of External Exposure Sources -- Principles of Protection against External Radiation Exposure -- Monte Carlo Method Applied to Dosimetry and Radiation Protection. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This book describes the interaction of living matter with photons, neutrons, charged particles, electrons and ions. The authors are specialists in the field of radiation protection. The book synthesizes many years of experiments with external radiation exposure in the fields of dosimetry and radiation shielding in medical, industrial and |
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research fields. It presents the basic physical concepts including dosimetry and offers a number of tools to be used by students, engineers and technicians to assess the radiological risk and the means to avoid them by calculating the appropriate shields. The theory of radiation interaction in matter is presented together with empirical formulas and abacus. Numerous numerical applications are treated to illustrate the different topics. The state of the art in radiation protection and dosimetry is presented in detail, especially in the field of simulation codes for external exposure to radiation, medical projects and advanced research. Moreover, important data spread in different up to date references are presented in this book. The book deals also with accelerators, X-rays facilities, sealed sources, dosimetry, Monte Carlo simulation and radiation regulation. Each chapter is split in two parts depending on the level of details the readers want to focus on. The first part, accessible to a large public, provides a lot of simple examples to help understanding the physics concepts under radiation external exposure. The second part, called “Additional Information” is not mandatory; it aims on explaining topics more deeply, often using mathematical formulations. The book treats fundamental radiometric and dosimetric quantities to describe the interaction in materials under the aspects of absorbed dose processes in tissues. Definitions and applications on limited and operational radiation protection quantities are given. An important aspect are practical engineering tools in industrial, medical and research domains. Source characterization and shielding design are addressed. Also more ”exotic” topics, such as ultra intense laser and new generation accelerators, are treated. The state of the art is presented to help the reader to work with the book in a self-consistent way. The basic knowledge necessary to apply Monte Carlo methods in the field of radiation protection and dosimetry for external radiation exposure is provided. Coverage of topics such as variance reduction, pseudo-random number generation and statistic estimators make the book useful even to experienced Monte Carlo practitioners. Solved problems help the reader to understand the Monte Carlo process. The book is meant to be used by researchers, engineers and medical physicist. It is also valuable to technicians and students. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9911018661103321 |
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Autore |
Stejskal Petr |
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Titolo |
The Application of Foreign Investment Protection in Times of Armed Conflict / / by Petr Stejskal |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Cham : , : Springer Nature Switzerland : , : Imprint : Palgrave Macmillan, , 2025 |
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ISBN |
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Edizione |
[1st ed. 2025.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (337 pages) |
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Collana |
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Global Issues, , 2947-8871 |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Conflict of laws |
International law |
Comparative law |
Humanitarian law |
International finance |
International relations |
Private International Law, International and Foreign Law, Comparative Law |
Public International Law |
International Humanitarian Law, Law of Armed Conflict |
International Finance |
International Relations |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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The monograph presents scenarios of situations where foreign investments suffer damage. These model scenarios are based on thorough analysis of real cases, facts from the ground and recent arbitral practice (relating namely to arbitrations against Russia, Syria or Libya). This allows the author, in the next step, to ascertain what rules are applicable to the conduct of states towards foreign investments, but also to demonstrate how they apply in real-case scenarios. In particular, the work identifies and applies to these tailored scenarios relevant norms of international investment law, international |
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humanitarian law and international human rights law. These regimes are relevant for protection of foreign investment, but they differ as to the situations they govern, parties whose conduct they regulate and obligations they stipulate. It is therefore appropriate to analyse in their interconnection how these rules govern typical situations that may arise during armed conflict and what particularly they prescribe. On the basis of application of these rules on the defined scenarios, the monograph focuses on the issue of applicability of investment treaties in occupied territories and on interactions and on the issue of conflict of norms in situations where foreign investments qualify as military objectives. Petr Stejskal is a senior lecturer at the Faculty of Law, Palacký University Olomouc. He is also a member of the affiliated Centre for International Humanitarian and Operational Law (jointly established by the Faculty of Law and Special Forces of the Army of the Czech Republic). He also works as a part-time officer-lawyer at the Ministry of Industry and Trade of the Czech Republic (agenda of economic resilience). |
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