1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910383812203321

Autore

Njoh Ambe J

Titolo

Nature in the Built Environment : Global Politico-Economic, Geo-Ecologic and Socio-Historical Perspectives / / by Ambe J. Njoh

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2020

ISBN

3-030-39759-9

Edizione

[1st ed. 2020.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (IX, 209 p. 6 illus.)

Disciplina

307.1216

Soggetti

Environmental geography

Environmental sociology

Ecology

Economic development—Environmental aspects

Economic policy

Environmental Geography

Environmental Sociology

Environment Studies

Development and Sustainability

Development Policy

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Nota di contenuto

Chapter 1. Environmental Stewardship and Built Space -- Chapter 2. PESTECH and Nature in Built Space: Analytical Framework -- Chapter 3. Nature in Built Space in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Chapter 4. Nature in Built Space in the MENA Region -- Chapter 5. Nature in Built Space in Asia and the Pacific -- Chapter 6. Nature in Built Space in Latin America and the Caribbean -- Chapter 7. Nature in Built Space in North America -- Chapter 8. Nature in Built Space in Western Europe.

Sommario/riassunto

A good understanding of the status quo is necessary for the success of efforts to develop and maintain nature in built space. Accordingly, this book conducts an environmental scan of the context of these efforts in global perspective. In particular, it develops and employs a novel environmental scanning model (ESM) designed to rigorously analyze the political, economic, social, technological, ecological, cultural and



historical (PESTECH) contexts of initiatives to promote biodiversity in the built environment. The focus is on four specific substantive areas of environmental policy, namely forestry, water, food, and energy. The units of analysis roughly correspond with the major United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) regions of the world, including sub-Saharan Africa, Middle-East and North Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Western Europe, North America, and Latin America and the Caribbean.

2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9911015684303321

Autore

Tutz Gerhard

Titolo

A Short Guide to Item Response Theory Models / / by Gerhard Tutz

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Cham : , : Springer Nature Switzerland : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2025

ISBN

9783031872716

Edizione

[1st ed. 2025.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (369 pages)

Collana

Statistics for Social and Behavioral Sciences, , 2199-7365

Disciplina

519.5

Soggetti

Statistics

Psychometrics

Social sciences - Statistical methods

Statistical Theory and Methods

Statistics in Social Sciences, Humanities, Law, Education, Behavorial Sciences, Public Policy

Applied Statistics

Estadística

Psicometria

Llibres electrònics

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Nota di contenuto

Preface -- Introduction -- The Binary Rasch Model -- Extensions of the Rasch Model and Alternative Binary Models -- Ordinal Models -- Extended Ordinal Models Accounting for Response Styles -- The Thresholds Model a Common Framework for Discrete and Continuous Responses -- Classical Test Theory -- Response Models for Count Data -- Tree-Based Item Response Models -- Differential Item Functioning



-- Explanatory Item Response Models -- R Packages -- Examples -- Bibliography.

Sommario/riassunto

This book presents foundational concepts, essential principles, and practical applications of Item Response Theory (IRT). It provides a structured survey of diverse models that have been put forth, emphasizing both their differences and commonalities. The main focus is on modern latent trait theory models which provide measurement tools that clearly separate between person abilities and item parameters. The topics covered include the binary Rasch model, its extensions and alternative binary models, ordinal models and their extensions that account for response styles, the thresholds model, classical test theory, response models for count data, differential item functioning, and explanatory item response models. Tree-based item response models, typically not found in classical IRT textbooks, are also addressed. Applications of the models are illustrated on several data sets from differing areas, showing how models can be fitted and compared. All examples have been computed using R. Code snippets are provided, and the full R code for most of the examples is available online. The book is aimed at graduate students, applied statisticians, and researchers working in psychometrics, educators, and anyone curious about modeling strategies that enhance the precision and validity of their measurement tools. It serves as an introductory guide for beginners while also providing a resource for those seeking an overview of the plethora of available IRT models.