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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910555125903321 |
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Titolo |
Oat science and technology / / H. G. Marshall and M. E. Sorrells, co-editors |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Madison, Wisconsin : , : American Society of Agronomy : , : Crop Science Society of America, , 1992 |
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ISBN |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (846 pages) |
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Collana |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Oats |
Oats as food |
Oats as feed |
Electronic books. |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9911006632203321 |
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Autore |
Hayes Wallace D |
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Titolo |
Hypersonic Inviscid Flow |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Newburyport, : Dover Publications, 2012 |
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ISBN |
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1-5231-0964-5 |
0-486-16048-3 |
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Edizione |
[1st ed.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (1074 p.) |
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Collana |
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Altri autori (Persone) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Aerodynamics, Hypersonic |
Air flow -- Mathematical models |
Inviscid flow |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication; PREFACE TO THE DOVER EDITION; PREFACE TO VOLUME I; PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION; Table of Contents; Erratum; CHAPTER I - GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS; 1. Introductory remarks; 2. General features of hypersonic flow fields; 3. Assumptions underlying inviscid hypersonic theory; 4. The normal shock wave; 5. Oblique and curved shocks; 6. Mach number independence principle; 7. General strip theory; 8. Dissipative effects; CHAPTER II - SMALL-DISTURBANCE THEORY; 1. Introduction and basic equations; 2. Hypersonic similitude |
3. Unified supersonic-hypersonic similitude4. Slender-body strip theory; 5. Examples of small-disturbance solutions; 6. Similar power-law solutions; 7. Application of similar solutions to steady flows; 8. Slightly blunted slender bodies; 9. Large incidence and correlation of similitudes; 10. Unsteady flow theory; 11. Nonequilibrium effects; CHAPTER III - NEWTONIAN THEORY; 1. The gasdynamics of Sir Isaac Newton; 2. Two-dimensional and axisymmetric bodies; 3. Simple shapes and free layers; 4. Optimum shapes; 5. Shock layer structure and cross flow phenomena |
6. Shock layer structure with cross flow7. Conical flow; 8. Bodies of revolution at small incidence; 9. Unsteady flow; CHAPTER IV - |
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CONSTANT-DENSITY SOLUTIONS; 1. The wedge; 2. The cone; 3. Circular cylinder; 4. The sphere; 5. Solutions with cross flow; CHAPTER V - THE THEORY OF THIN SHOCK LAYERS; 1. Basic concepts; 2. Successive approximation schemes; 3. Constant-streamtube-area approximation; 4. Two-dimensional and axisymmetric blunt-faced bodies; 5. Quasi wedges and quasi cones; 6. Conical bodies; 7. General blunt-faced bodies and related similitudes; 8. Integral methods |
9. Newtonian separation10. Nonequilibrium flows; CHAPTER VI - NUMERICAL METHODS FOR BLUNT-BODY FLOWS; 1. Nature of the problem; 2. Streamtube-continuity methods; 3. Method of integral relations and polynomial approximation; 4. Relaxation techniques and the unsteady approach method; 5. The inverse problem; 6. Procedures with nonequilibrium; CHAPTER VII - OTHER METHODS FOR LOCALLY SUPERSONIC FLOWS; 1. Method of characteristics; 2. Shock-expansion theory; 3. Tangent-wedge and tangent-cone; 4. Conical flows; 5. Nonequilibrium flows; CITED REFERENCES; SYMBOL INDEX; SUBSCRIPTS; SUPERSCRIPTS |
MATHEMATICAL AND SPECIAL SYMBOLSAUTHOR INDEX |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This treatment of the branch of fluid mechanics known as hypersonic inviscid flow offers a self-contained, unified view of nonequilibrium effects, body geometries, and similitudes available in hypersonic flow and thin shock layer theory. Seeking to cultivate readers' appreciation of theory, the text avoids empirical approaches and focuses on basic theory and related fundamental concepts.Contents include introductory materials and chapters on small-disturbance theory, Newtonian theory, constant-density solutions, the theory of thin shock layers, numerical methods for blunt-body flows, and oth |
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3. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9911019158803321 |
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Autore |
Kim Moon G |
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Titolo |
Adhesives and Finishes for Wood : For Practitioners and Students |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Newark : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , 2023 |
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©2024 |
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ISBN |
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9783527842780 |
3527842780 |
9783527842766 |
3527842764 |
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Edizione |
[1st ed.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (562 pages) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Author Biography -- Chapter 1 Introduction to Polymers, Wood Adhesives, and Wood Finishes -- 1.1 Good Wood Adhesives Must Be Optimum Polymers with Optimum Secondary Forces -- 1.2 Polymeric Materials -- 1.3 Synthetic Polymer Preparation Methods -- 1.4 Typical Synthetic Polymer Materials -- 1.5 Typical Natural Polymers -- 1.6 Summary -- References -- Chapter 2 Principles of Polymer Chemistry for Wood Adhesives and Finishes -- 2.1 Degree of Polymerization and Molecular Weight -- 2.1.1 Determination of Molecular Weight or Degree of Polymerization -- 2.2 Properties of Polymer Solutions or Suspensions -- 2.2.1 Viscosity of Polymer Solutions -- 2.2.2 Dependence of Viscosity on the Shear Rate (Stirring Rate) -- 2.2.3 Temperature Dependence of Viscosity of Polymer Solutions -- 2.2.4 Dependence of Viscosity on the Concentration and Molecular Weight of Dissolved Polymers -- 2.2.5 Methods of Viscosity Measurement of Liquid Materials -- 2.3 Polymer Solids Level and Specific Gravity of Polymer Solutions -- 2.4 pH of Polymer Solutions and Buffers -- 2.4.1 pH -- 2.4.2 Acidic Buffers and Buffer Capacity -- 2.5 Solid Properties of Polymer Materials -- 2.5.1 Adhesive Property of Polymer Solids -- 2.5.2 |
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Cohesive Property of Adhesive Polymer Solids -- 2.5.3 Cohesive Strength Measurement and Viscous and Elastic Responses -- 2.5.4 Measurement of the Elasticity of Solid Polymer Materials -- References -- Chapter 3 Thermosetting and Thermoplastic Wood Adhesives and Practices -- 3.1 Selection Criteria of Wood Adhesives -- 3.2 High Temperature‐Curing Thermosetting Adhesives and Curing Conditions -- 3.3 Room Temperature‐curing Thermosetting Wood Adhesives and Processes -- 3.4 Room Temperature‐curing Thermoplastic Wood Adhesives -- 3.5 Adhesive Application Methods and Loading Rates and Costs. |
3.6 Adhesive Curing by Hot Presses and Other Heating Methods -- 3.7 Evaluation of Adhesive Bonds -- 3.8 Summary -- References -- Chapter 4 Principles of the Curing of Thermosetting and Thermoplastic Wood Adhesives -- 4.1 Principles of Curing of Thermosetting Adhesive Resins at Elevated Temperatures -- 4.1.1 Viscosity Changes of Adhesive Layer Before Hot‐Pressing -- 4.1.2 Spreading and Penetration of Adhesive Layers in Hot‐Pressing -- 4.1.3 Viscosity Decreases by Moisture Content Changes -- 4.1.4 Viscosity Increases and Curing of Adhesive Layer by Polymerization Reaction -- 4.1.5 Flow and Wetting of Adhesive Layers and Molecular Adsorption -- 4.1.6 Gelation of Adhesive Layer -- 4.1.7 Vitrification of Adhesive Layer -- 4.1.8 Post‐Curing of Adhesive Layer -- 4.2 Relationship of Temperature and Moisture Content in Hot‐Pressing of Wood Composite Mats -- 4.2.1 Platen Pressure, Mat Thickness, and Density Profiles -- 4.2.2 Temperature Changes and Moisture Movements in Board Mat -- 4.2.3 Extents of Resin Cure in Hot‐Pressing -- 4.3 Curing of Thermosetting Adhesives at Room Temperature -- 4.4 Curing of Thermoplastic Emulsion Adhesives -- 4.5 Volume Contractions of Adhesive Layers upon Curing -- 4.6 Thermal and Moisture Expansion/Contraction of Adhesive Layers -- 4.7 Summary -- References -- Chapter 5 UF and MUF Wood Adhesive Resins (Manufacturing and Resin Chemistry) -- 5.1 Raw Materials of UF Resins -- 5.2 Urea‐Formaldehyde (UF) Resins -- 5.3 Chemistry Occurring in UF Resin Synthesis -- 5.3.1 Second Step of Resin Synthesis -- 5.4 Polymer Chain Branching in UF Resins -- 5.5 Other Reactions Occurring in UF Resin Synthesis -- 5.6 F/U1 Mole Ratio Effects in the Polymerization Step -- 5.7 Final F/U Mole Ratios and Formaldehyde Emission Problem -- 5.8 Physical and Chemical Tests and Properties of Industrial UF Resins. |
5.9 Resin Changes Occurring After Manufacture of UF Resins -- 5.10 Bond Performances and Durability Tests of UF Resins in Industry -- 5.11 UF Resins vs. Various Operating Parameters in PB, MDF, and Hardwood Plywood Industry -- 5.12 Other UF Resin Synthesis Procedures -- 5.13 Polymeric Chemical Structures of UF Resins -- 5.14 Melamine‐Urea‐Formaldehyde (MUF) Resins -- 5.15 Urea‐Melamine‐Formaldehyde (UMF) Resins -- 5.16 Summary -- References -- Chapter 6 Urea‐Formaldehyde and MUF/UMF Wood Adhesive Resins (Curing) -- 6.1 Typical Latent/External Catalysts Based on Ammonium Salts for UF Resins -- 6.2 Organic Tertiary Amine Salts of Strong Acids and Other Catalysts -- 6.3 Catalyzation of UF Resins by Wood Acids -- 6.4 Buffering of Acidic Catalysts -- 6.5 Thermosetting Curing Reactions, Cured Resin Structures, and Formaldehyde Emission Problem -- 6.6 Control of the Curing Speeds of UF Resins -- 6.7 Side‐Reactions Occurring in the Curing of UF Resins -- 6.8 Phenomenological Changes of UF Resins in Curing -- 6.9 Chemical Curing Mechanisms, F/U Mole Ratio, and Cured Resin Structure -- 6.10 Composition of Cured UF Resins -- 6.11 Uses of UF Resins -- 6.12 Properties of UF Resin‐Bonded Wood Composite Boards -- 6.13 Formaldehyde Emission Mechanisms, Mole Ratios, and Board Strength Properties -- 6.14 Various Methods |
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Proposed/Practiced for Reducing the Formaldehyde Emissions of Boards -- 6.15 Curing of Melamine‐Urea‐Formaldehyde (MUF) Resins -- 6.16 Curing of Urea‐Melamine‐Formaldehyde (UMF) Resins -- 6.17 Cost Increases Estimated for Boards with Very Low Formaldehyde Emission Values -- 6.18 Summary -- References -- Chapter 7 Particleboard, MDF, and Hardwood Plywood Bonding with UF Resin Binders -- 7.1 Particleboard -- 7.1.1 Wood Furnishes in Particleboard Manufacture -- 7.1.2 Blending of Resin, Catalyst, and Wax Emulsion in Particleboard Manufacture. |
7.1.3 Mat Formation and Transport -- 7.1.4 Hot‐pressing -- 7.1.5 Equilibration and Finishing -- 7.1.6 Bison-Mende process -- 7.1.7 Properties of Commercial Particleboards -- 7.1.8 US Particleboard (PB) Industry -- 7.1.9 Summary -- 7.2 Medium Density Fiberboard (MDF) Bonded with UF Resins -- 7.2.1 Fiber Manufacture and Blowline Resin Blending -- 7.2.2 Paddle Blending System of Resins -- 7.2.3 Comparison of MDF Resin Blenders -- 7.2.4 Mat‐Forming and Hot‐Pressing Parameters of PB and MDF in Industry -- 7.2.5 Physical Properties of Commercial MDF -- 7.2.6 Medium Density Fiberboard Industry -- 7.2.7 Summary -- 7.3 Hardwood Plywood Bonding with UF Resin Adhesives -- 7.4 Paraffin Wax and Uses in Wood Composites -- 7.4.1 Use of Paraffin Wax -- 7.4.2 Properties of Paraffin Wax -- 7.4.3 Analyses of Wax -- 7.4.4 Wax Application Methods -- 7.4.5 Wax Use Levels -- 7.4.6 Summary -- 7.4.6 Advanced Reading Materials -- 7.5 Effects of UF Resins' Curing Catalysts on Tool Wear in Machining of Boards - An Example of Laboratory PB Manufacturing and Testing -- 7.6 Summary -- References -- Chapter 8 PF Novolac Wood Adhesive Resins (Manufacturing and Chemistry) -- 8.1 Raw Materials of PF Resins -- 8.2 Reaction Chemistry of Phenol -- 8.3 Synthesis and Chemistry of Novolac Phenol‐Formaldehyde (PF) Resins -- 8.4 Compounding and Curing of Novolac PF Resins -- 8.5 Curing Speed and Testing Methods of Molding Compounds of PF Novolac Resins -- 8.6 Wood Adhesive Uses of Novolac PF Resins -- 8.7 Summary -- References -- Chapter 9 PF Resole Wood Adhesive Resins (Manufacturing and Chemistry) -- 9.1 Alkaline PF Resole Wood Adhesive Resins -- 9.2 Synthesis Chemistry and Manufacturing Practices of Alkaline PF Resole Resins -- 9.3 Typical Synthesis Procedures of Alkaline PF Resole Resins for Various Uses. |
9.4 Properties and Polymer Structures of Alkaline PF Resole Resins and Measurements -- 9.5 Resin Characteristics and Uses of Various PF Resole Resins -- 9.6 Molecular Weights (Sizes) of Alkaline PF Resole Resins and Wood Cell Wall Penetration -- 9.7 Powder PF Resole Resin Manufacturing by Spray‐drying -- 9.8 Curing of Alkaline PF Resole Resins -- 9.8.1 Pre‐dry and Pre‐cure, Resin Spreading, and Flow -- 9.8.2 Final Curing of Alkaline PF Resole Resins in Wood Bonding -- 9.8.3 Gel Times and Stroke Cure Times of Liquid PF Resins -- 9.8.4 Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) Method of Curing Tests for Thermosetting Resins -- 9.8.5 Differential Scanning Calorimetric (DSC) Analysis of PF Resole Resins -- 9.9 Good Wood Adhesion and Exterior Durability of PF Resin Adhesives -- 9.10 Formaldehyde Emission Problem of PF Resin‐bonded Products -- 9.11 Various Binder Uses of PF Resins in the US Wood Products Industry -- 9.12 Acid‐curing PF and PMF Resole Resin and Dispersion Wood Adhesives -- 9.13 Summary -- References -- Chapter 10 PRF Novolac Wood Adhesive Resins and Lumber Lamination -- 10.1 Manufacturing and Chemistry of PRF Resins -- 10.1.1 Chemical Structures of PRF Resins -- 10.1.2 Relationship Between Target Viscosity, Resin‐Solids, and Storage Stability of PRF Resins -- 10.1.3 P/R Ratio Measurements from 13C NMR Spectra -- 10.2 PRF and RF Resin Adhesives Currently Available in Industry -- 10.2.1 Some Nonideal Aspects of PRF Resins -- 10.3 Hardeners for PRF |
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Resin Adhesives -- 10.4 Mixing of a PRF Resin and Hardener, Pot‐Lives, Working Life, and Assembly Time -- 10.5 Applying and Curing of PRF Adhesives in Wood Lamination -- 10.6 Curing Chemistry of PRF Resin Adhesives and Industry Practices -- 10.7 Wood Lamination Industry -- 10.8 Recent Developments in PRF Resin Adhesives -- 10.9 Laminating Wood Adhesives Based on Other Resorcinolic Materials. |
10.10 Advanced Reading Materials on Resorcinol-Formaldehyde (RF) Resins. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This book serves as a comprehensive guide to wood adhesives and finishes, offering detailed insights into polymer chemistry and its application in the field. Authored by Professor Moon G. Kim, it delves into the principles of thermosetting and thermoplastic wood adhesives, covering a range of resins including UF, MUF, PF, and isocyanate. The work explores the manufacturing processes and application methods for various wood products such as medium density fiberboard, plywood, and furniture assemblies. Additionally, it discusses the theory and practical aspects of adhesive bonding and evaluates the durability and quality of wood adhesive bonds. Aimed at practitioners and students in the wood adhesives and forest products industries, this book provides essential knowledge for those with a background in science and engineering. |
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