Neutron Generators for Analytical Purposes

• Record Nr.: UNINA9911006548303321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: [Place of publication not identified], : International Atomic Energy Agency, 2012
• ISBN: 1-5231-3031-8; 1-283-59416-1; 9786613906618
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (162 pages)
• Soggetti: Neutron sources; Nuclear activation analysis
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- FOREWORD -- CONTENTS -- CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION -- 1.1. Nuclear analytical techniques -- 1.2. Alternatives to research reactors -- 1.3. New developments in neutron generators -- 1.4. Applications of neutron generators -- CHAPTER 2 - THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF NEUTRON GENERATORS -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Neutron production reactions -- CHAPTER 3 - ANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS OF FAST NEUTRONS -- 3.1. Neutron sources -- 3.2. Nuclear reactions used in activation analysis -- 3.3. 14 MeV neutron activation analysis -- 3.4. Overview of possible applications with neutron generators -- 3.5. Materials analysis -- 3.6. Online analyzers -- 3.7. Security -- 3.8. Safeguards -- 3.9. Art and archaeology -- 3.10. Industrial applications -- 3.11. Research -- 3.12. Education -- 3.13. Medical and nutrition -- 3.14. Environmental and geological -- 3.15. Epithermal neutron activation analysis -- 3.16. Analytical application of inelastic scattering -- CHAPTER 4 - APPLICATIONS OF PROMPT GAMMA NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS USING RADIOISOTOPE NEUTRON SOURCES -- 4.1. Principles of a prompt gamma neutron activation analysis setup -- 4.2. Radioisotopic neutron sources -- 4.3. Non destructive multi-element analysis using prompt gamma neutron activation analysis -- CHAPTER 5 - DESCRIPTION AND OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF NEUTRON GENERATORS -- 5.1. Deuterium-tritium ; and deuterium-deuterium Penning diode generators -- 5.2. Axial radio frequency induction plasma neutron generators -- 5.3. Inertial electrostatic confinement sources -- CHAPTER 6 - INSTRUMENTS AND SYSTEMS -- 6.1. Overview -- 6.2. Technical considerations for neutron generator based systems -- 6.3. Large generator based systems -- 6.4. Instrumentation issues -- 6.5. Compton suppression -- 6.6. Coincidences techniques -- CHAPTER 7 - COMPACT NEUTRON GENERATORS -- 7.1. Introduction.; 7.2. Axial neutron generators -- 7.3. Ion source -- 7.4. Accelerator -- 7.5. Target -- 7.6. Coaxial neutron generator -- 7.7. Ion source -- 7.8. Extraction and acceleration system -- 7.9. Target and high voltage insulation -- 7.10. Experiments with the LBNL deuterium-deuterium neutron generator -- 7.11. Pneumatic transport system -- CHAPTER 8 - SAFETY AND REGULATIONS -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Technical aspects of the neutron generator safety -- 8.3. General rules -- 8.4. Regulations -- CHAPTER 9 - STUDY OF THE OPTIMAL PERFORMANCE OF A NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS FACILITY BASED ON A DD NEUTRON GENERATOR -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Optimization description -- 9.3. Results -- 9.4. Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- ANNEX IREACTION AND CROSS-SECTION FOR NAAWITH NEUTRON GENERATORS -- ANNEX I - REACTION AND CROSS-SECTION FOR NAA WITH NEUTRON GENERATORS -- ANNEX II - LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS -- CONTRIBUTORS TO DRAFTING AND REVIEW.
• Sommario/riassunto: This publication addresses recent developments in neutron generator (NG) technology. It presents information on compact instruments with high neutron yield to be used for neutron activation analysis (NAA) and prompt gamma neutron activation analysis in combination with high count rate spectrometers. Traditional NGs have been shown to be effective for applications including borehole logging, homeland security, nuclear medicine and the on-line analysis of aluminium, coal and cement. Pulsed fast thermal neutron analysis, as well as tagged and timed neutron analysis, are additional techniques which can be applied using NG. Furthermore, NG can effectively be used for elemental analysis and is also effective for analysis of hidden materials by neutron radiography. Useful guidelines for developing NG based research laboratories are also provided in this publication.