Potential impact of individual genetic susceptibility and previous radiation exposure on radiation risk for astronauts : recommendations of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements

• Record Nr.: UNINA9911004742003321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Bethesda, Md., : National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, c2011
• ISBN: 1-61344-055-3; 1-4416-9390-4
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (195 p.)
• Collana: NCRP report Potential impact of individual genetic susceptibility and previous radiation exposure on radiation risk for astronauts.; NCRP report ; ; no. 167
• Disciplina: 362.196/9897
• Soggetti: Radiation injuries - Genetic aspects; Astronauts - Health risk assessment; Space flight - Health aspects
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: "April 28, 2010."
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (p.134-161).
• Nota di contenuto: ""Cover""; ""Preface""; ""Contents""; ""Executive Summary""; ""1. Introduction""; ""1.1 Purpose of the Report""; ""1.2 Contents of the Report""; ""1.2.1 Introduction""; ""1.2.2 Radiation Exposures Received Over Lifetimes of Astronauts""; ""1.2.3 Biology Pertinent to Variations in Individual Susceptibility with Respect to Radiation Risks for Astronauts""; ""1.2.4 Predicting Cancer Risks from Previous Radiation or Chemotherapy Treatments""; ""1.2.5 Basis for Considering Medical Treatment, Disease, and Genetic Background in the NASA Occupational Radiation Protection Program""; ""1.2.6 Regulatory and Statutory Issues""""1.2.7 Ethical Issues of Radiation Exposure, Genetic Background, and Astronaut Selection for Space Missions""; ""1.2.8 Background Issues, Conclusions, and Recommendations""; ""2. Radiation Exposures Received Over Lifetimes of Astronauts""; ""2.1 Radiation Protection Quantities""; ""2.1.1 Absorbed Dose""; ""2.1.2 Categories of Radiation-Induced Biological Effects""; ""2.1.3 Radiation Protection Quantities for Deterministic Effects""; ""2.1.4 Radiation Protection Quantities for Stochastic Effects""; ; ""2.2 Sources of Exposure to Ionizing Radiation""; ""2.2.1 Radiation Exposures Received by the U.S. Population""""2.2.2 Medical Exposures""; ""2.2.3 Space Radiation Exposures During Previous Space Missions""; ""2.2.4 Radiation Exposures During Jet Aircraft Flights""; ""2.3 Key Issues""; ""3. Biology Pertinent to Variations in Individual Susceptibility with Respect to Radiation Risks for Astronauts""; ""3.1 Overview""; ""3.2 Average Risks for Radiation-Induced Diseases of Concern for Astronauts""; ""3.2.1 Cancer Risk""; ""3.2.2 Heritable Risk""; ""3.2.3 Embryo and Fetal Risk""; ""3.2.4 Other Risks Associated with Radiation Exposure""; ""3.3 Evidence of Variation in Radiation Sensitivity and Susceptibility to Effects of Principal Concern""""3.3.1 Evidence of Genetic Variation in Radiation Sensitivity from Cellular and Molecular Research""; ""3.3.2 Evidence for Variation in Radiation Sensitivity from Animal Studies""; ""3.3.3 Evidence of Variation in Radiation Sensitivity from Human Studies""; ""3.3.4 Genetic Sources of Variation in Cancer Susceptibility""; ""3.3.5 Impact of Genetic Variation on Radiation Risk""; ""3.3.6 Congenital Sources of Variation in Cancer Susceptibility""; ""3.3.7 Special Considerations for Astronauts""""3.3.8 Key Issues""; ""4. Predicting Cancer Risks from Previous Radiation or Chemotherapy Treatments""; ""4.1 Introduction""; ""4.2 Second Cancers After Radiation Therapy""; ""4.2.1 Carcinogenic Effects of Radiation""; ""4.2.2 Factors Affecting Risk of Second Malignancy""; ""4.3 Risk of Radiation-Induced Malignancies""; ""4.3.1 Radiation-Induced Leukemia""; ""4.3.2 Radiation-Induced Solid Tumors""; ""4.4 Characteristics of Medical Radiation Exposures""; ""4.4.1 Radiation Dose""; ""4.4.2 Radiation Treatment Planning and Delivery""; ""4.5 Interactions Between Chemotherapy and Radiation: Impact on Cancer Risk""
• Sommario/riassunto: This Report was prepared to evaluate the potential impact of individual genetic susceptibility and previous radiation exposures on radiation associated health risks for astronauts during their lifetimes following space missions. The Report also evaluates whether either of these factors needs to be included in the radiation protection program for astronauts.