Eastern and Southern Africa : development challenges in a volatile region / / edited by Deborah Potts and Tanya Bowyer-Bower

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910955161403321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: London ; ; New York : , : Routledge, , 2014
• ISBN: 1-317-90491-5; 1-315-84778-7; 1-317-90490-7
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (355 p.)
• Collana: DARG regional development series ; ; Number 4
• Altri autori (Persone): Bowyer-BowerT. A. S (Tanya A. S.); PottsDeborah (Deborah Helen)
• Disciplina: 330.9676
• Soggetti: Africa, Eastern Economic conditions; Africa, Southern Economic conditions; Africa, Eastern Politics and government 1960-; Africa, Southern Politics and government
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: At head of title: Developing Areas Research Group, the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers).; First published 2004 by Pearson Education.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; List of Boxes; List of Contributors; Series Preface; Acknowledgements; Publisher's Acknowledgements; 1 Development challenges and debates in eastern and southern Africa; Introduction; Eastern and southern Africa: defining a diverse region; Global political economy changes: regional perspectives; Development challenges in the region; Development theory and development debates; 2 Demographic change in eastern and southern Africa; Introduction; Population size; Mortality; Age-sex structure; Family structureConcluding remarks; 3 Structural adjustment in eastern and southern Africa: the tragedy of development; False dawn: a brief history of the first two decades; Triumph of market-Leninism over Marxist-Leninism; Stabilisation or adjustment?; A taxonomy of countries in the region; Conclusion; 4 The persistence of poverty; Poverty in context; Poverty measurement; Poverty trends; Food and ; hunger; Healthcare; Education; The debt issue; Conclusions; 5 Natural resources: use, access, tenure and management; 'Wild' plant and animal resources: biophysical determinants of availability; 7 Water resources and development challenges in eastern and southern AfricaPhysical setting; Estimation of renewable water resources; Use of water resources; Supply and demand - the water stress index; Quality of water resources; Hydropolitics of transboundary watercourses; Alleviating water scarcity - interbasin water transfers and 'virtual water'; Concluding discussion - future challenges; 8 Desertification in eastern and southern Africa; Introduction; Developments in the understanding of desertification; Desertification today; Contemporary implications of desertification for development in eastern and southern AfricaCauses of desertification; Conclusion; 9 Geographies of governance and regional politics; Introduction: geographical analysis and African politics; Key themes and issues in national, regional and international (geo)politics; States and regional (dis)integration: imagining 'development' communities; Democratisation and conflict resolution in global political and economic context; Conclusions: Co-operation, corruption and complexity in African politics; 10 International and regional trade in eastern and southern Africa
• Sommario/riassunto: A unique and comprehensive introduction to contemporary development issues in East and Southern Africa, and represents a significant departure from the often descriptive approach adopted by existing regional and development texts on African regions. Each contribution is carefully chosen to highlight the theoretical basis to development issues, and the practical problems of implementing development plans, in this vital subregion. Overall this produces comprehensive and balanced coverage of historical, economic, political and social issues. The twin issues of globalisation and modernisation give the book a clear focus.

Retroreflex ellipsometry for nonplanar surfaces/ / Chia-Wei Chen

• Record Nr.: UNINA9911003678403321
• Autore: Chen Chia-Wei
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Karlsruhe : , : KIT Scientific Publishing, , 2025
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource
• Collana: Schriftenreihe Automatische Sichtprüfung und Bildverarbeitung ; Band 24.
• Soggetti: Ellipsometry - Applications; Surfaces (Technology) - Measurement; Optical measurements - Techniques; Scientific apparatus and instruments - Design and construction
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (pages) and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Abstract Kurzfassung Acknowledgements Notation Acronyms Introduction Related work Polarized light and ellipsometry Retroreflex ellipsometry Measurement methods and uncertainty analysis for nonplanar surfaces Results and discussion Conclusion and outlook Bibliography Own publications List of Figures List of Tables.
• Sommario/riassunto: Conventional ellipsometry is limited to flat surfaces because precise alignment is required, making measurements on curved samples difficult and time-consuming. This work proposes retroreflex ellipsometry, which overcomes these geometric limitations by using a retroreflector to return light along the same path. The method enables accurate, nondestructive ellipsometric measurements on nonplanar surfaces, allowing the determination of angles of incidence, tilt, refractive index, and film thickness. Experimental results confirm high accuracy and show strong potential for inline and in-situ industrial quality control, including the characterization of freeform optics and complex-shaped surfaces.