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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910975021703321 |
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Autore |
Haacker Markus |
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Titolo |
The Macroeconomics of HIV/AIDS / / Markus Haacker |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2004 |
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ISBN |
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9786613848079 |
9781462347193 |
1462347193 |
9781455242719 |
1455242713 |
9781283535625 |
1283535629 |
9781455255757 |
1455255750 |
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Edizione |
[1st ed.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (363 p.) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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AIDS (Disease) - Economic aspects - Developing countries |
Labor |
Macroeconomics |
Diseases: AIDS and HIV |
Health Policy |
Health Behavior |
Health: General |
Analysis of Health Care Markets |
Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions |
Human Capital |
Skills |
Occupational Choice |
Labor Productivity |
Education: General |
HIV/AIDS |
Health economics |
Labour |
income economics |
Health systems & services |
Education |
HIV and AIDS |
Health |
Health care |
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Personal income |
Human capital |
National accounts |
HIV |
Viruses |
Income |
Medical care |
Hiv and AIDS |
Hiv |
Hiv/AIDS |
Income economics |
Botswana |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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""Contents""; ""Preface""; ""Foreword""; ""Contributors""; ""1. The Demographic Impact of HIV/AIDS""; ""2. HIV/AIDS: The Impact on the Social Fabric and the Economy""; ""3. Thinking About the Long-Run Economic Costs of AIDS""; ""4. AIDS and the Accumulation and Utilization of Human Capital in Africa""; ""5. The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Poverty and Inequality""; ""6. Welfare Implications of HIV/AIDS""; ""7. The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Government Finance and Public Services""; ""8. Financial Effects of HIV/AIDS on National Social Protection Schemes"" |
""9. An Economic Assessment of Botswana's National Strategic Framework for HIV/AIDS""""10. Impact of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic on the Health Sectors of Developing Countries""; ""Boxes""; ""Figures""; ""Tables"" |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This paper analyzes the macroeconomics of HIV/AIDS. The paper highlights that the mortality and morbidity associated with AIDS make it unlike most other types of sickness and disease. The paper describes the most common approaches used in accounting for growth in the context of an HIV/AIDS epidemic. The impact of HIV/AIDS on education and the accumulation of human capital is discussed. The paper also discusses the impact of HIV/AIDS on the public sector, and elaborates certain demographic events specific to the HIV/AIDS pandemic. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910437987003321 |
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Autore |
Hasan Ashfaq |
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Titolo |
Handbook of blood gas/acid-base interpretation / / Ashfaq Hasan |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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New York, : Springer, 2013 |
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ISBN |
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Edizione |
[2nd ed.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (345 p.) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Blood gases - Analysis |
Acid-base imbalances |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Handbook of Blood Gas/Acid-Base InterpretationSecond Edition; Copyright Page; Dedication; Preface to the Second Edition; Preface to the First Edition; Contents; Chapter 1: Gas Exchange; 1.1 The Respiratory Centre; 1.2 Rhythmicity of the Respiratory Centre; 1.3 The Thoracic Neural Receptors; 1.4 Chemoreceptors; 1.5 The Central Chemoreceptors and the Alpha-Stat Hypothesis; 1.6 Peripheral Chemoreceptors; 1.7 Chemoreceptors in Hypoxia; 1.8 Response of the Respiratory Centre to Hypoxemia; 1.9 Respiration; 1.10 Partial Pressure of a Mixture of Gases; 1.10.1 Atmospheric Pressure; 1.10.2 Gas Pressure |
1.11 Partial Pressure of a Gas1.12 The Fractional Concentration of a Gas (F gas); 1.13 Diffusion of Gases; 1.14 Henry's Law and the Solubility of a Gas in Liquid; 1.15 Inhaled Air; 1.16 The O 2 Cascade; 1.17 PaO 2; 1.18 The Modified Alveolar Gas Equation; 1.19 The Determinants of the Alveolar Gas Equation; 1.20 The Respiratory Quotient (RQ) in the Alveolar Air Equation; 1.21 FIO 2, PAO 2, PaO 2 and CaO 2; 1.22 DO 2, CaO 2, SpO 2, PaO 2 and FIO 2; 1.23 O 2 Content: An Illustrative Example; 1.24 Mechanisms of Hypoxemia; 1.25 Processes Dependent Upon Ventilation |
1.26 Defining Hypercapnia (Elevated CO 2)1.27 Factors That Determine PaCO 2 Levels; 1.28 Relationship Between CO 2 Production and Elimination; 1.29 Exercise, CO 2 Production and PaCO 2; 1.30 Dead Space; 1.31 Minute Ventilation and Alveolar Ventilation; 1.32 The Determinants of the PaCO 2; 1.33 Alveolar Ventilation in Health and |
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Disease; 1.34 Hypoventilation and PaCO 2; 1.35 The Causes of Hypoventilation; 1.36 Blood Gases in Hypoventilation; 1.37 Decreased CO 2 Production; 1.37.1 Summary: Conditions That Can Result in Hypercapnia; 1.38 V/Q Mismatch: A Hypothetical Model |
1.39 V/Q Mismatch and Shunt1.40 Quantifying Hypoxemia; 1.41 Compensation for Regional V/Q Inequalities; 1.42 Alveolo-Arterial Diffusion of Oxygen (A-aDO 2); 1.43 A-aDO 2 is Difficult to Predict on Intermediate Levels of FIO 2; 1.44 Defects of Diffusion; 1.45 Determinants of Diffusion: DL CO; 1.46 Timing the ABG; 1.47 A-aDO 2 Helps in Differentiating Between the Different Mechanisms of Hypoxemia; Chapter 2: The Non-Invasive Monitoring of Blood Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Levels; 2.1 The Structure and Function of Haemoglobin; 2.2 Co-operativity; 2.3 The Bohr Effect and the Haldane Effect |
2.4 Oxygenated and Non-oxygenated Hemoglobin2.5 PaO 2 and the Oxy-hemoglobin Dissociation Curve; 2.6 Monitoring of Blood Gases; 2.6.1 Invasive O 2 Monitoring; 2.6.2 The Non-invasive Monitoring of Blood Gases; 2.7 Principles of Pulse Oximetry; 2.8 Spectrophotometry; 2.9 Optical Plethysmography; 2.10 Types of Pulse Oximeters; 2.11 Pulse Oximetry and PaO 2; 2.12 P 50; 2.13 Shifts in the Oxy-hemoglobin Dissociation Curve; 2.14 Oxygen Saturation (SpO 2) in Anemia and Skin Pigmentation; 2.15 Oxygen Saturation (SpO 2) in Abnormal Forms of Hemoglobin; 2.16 Mechanisms of Hypoxemia in Methemoglobinemia |
2.17 Methemoglobinemias: Classification |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Analysis of blood gas can be a daunting task. However, it is still one of the most useful laboratory tests in managing respiratory and metabolic disorders. Busy medical students have struggled ineffectively with Hasselbach’s modification of the Henderson equation, been torn between the Copenhagen and the Boston schools of thought; and lately, been confronted with the radically different strong-ion approach. In modern medical practice, the health provider’s time is precious: it is crucial to retain focus on those aspects of clinical medicine that are of key importance. Adoption of an algorithm-based approach in the study of topics that are hard to understand (particularly those that are rooted in clinical physiology) can be extremely advantageous. Handbook of Blood Gas/Acid-Base Interpretation, 2nd edition, is organized in a logical sequence of flow charts that introduce concepts and gradually build upon them. This approach facilitates understanding and retention of the subject matter. Medical students, residents, nurses, and practitioners of respiratory and intensive care will find it possible to quickly grasp the principles underlying respiratory and acid-base physiology, and apply them effectively in clinical decision making. |
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