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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910970997503321 |
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Titolo |
Oil in the sea III : inputs, fates, and effects |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, c2003 |
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ISBN |
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1-280-18369-1 |
9786610183692 |
0-309-50551-8 |
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Edizione |
[1st ed.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (277 p.) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Oil pollution of the sea |
Oil pollution of the sea - Environmental aspects |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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"Committee on Oil in the Sea: Inputs, Fates, and Effects, Ocean Studies Board and Marine Board, Divisions of Earth and Life Studies and Transportation Research Board, National Research Council of the National Academies." |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Front Matter -- Acknowledgments -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Understanding The Risk -- 3 Input of Oil to the Sea -- 4 Behavior and Fate of Oil -- 5 Biological Effects of Oil Releases -- A Committee and Staff Biographies -- B Definitions and Conversions -- C Natural Seepage of Crude Oil into the Marine Environment -- D Oil and Gas Extraction -- E Inputs of Petroleum Hydrocarbons into the Oceans Due to Transportation Activities -- F Inputs into the Sea from Recreational Marine Vessels -- G Spills from Coastal Facilities -- H Atmospheric Deposition and Air-Sea Exchange of Petroleum Hydrocarbons to the Ocean -- I Estimating Land-based Sources of Oil in the Sea -- J Methods Used To Estimate PAH Loadings to the Marine Environment -- K Regulatory Framework -- Index. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Since the early 1970s, experts have recognized that petroleum pollutants were being discharged in marine waters worldwide, from oil spills, vessel operations, and land-based sources. Public attention to oil spills has forced improvements. Still, a considerable amount of oil is discharged yearly into sensitive coastal environments. Oil in the Sea provides the best available estimate of oil pollutant discharge into |
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marine waters, including an evaluation of the methods for assessing petroleum load and a discussion about the concerns these loads represent. Featuring close-up looks at the "Exxon Valdez" spill and other notable events, the book identifies important research questions and makes recommendations for better analysis of--and more effective measures against--pollutant discharge. The book discusses: Input--where the discharges come from, including the role of two-stroke engines used on recreational craft. Behavior or fate--how oil is affected by processes such as evaporation as it moves through the marine environment. Effects--what we know about the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine organisms and ecosystems. Providing a needed update on a problem of international importance, this book will be of interest to energy policy makers, industry officials and managers, engineers and researchers, and advocates for the marine environment. |
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