1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910822386603321

Autore

Clapp Priscilla A.

Titolo

Securing a democratic future for Myanmar / / Priscilla A. Clapp

Pubbl/distr/stampa

New York, New York : , : Council on Foreign Relations, , 2016

©2016

ISBN

0-87609-671-2

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (59 p.)

Collana

Council Special Report ; ; Number 75

Disciplina

301.09591

Soggetti

Democratization - Burma

Economic sanctions, American - Burma

United States Foreign relations Burma

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di contenuto

Pages:1 to 10; Pages:11 to 20; Pages:21 to 30; Pages:31 to 40; Pages:41 to 50; Pages:51 to 59

Sommario/riassunto

To ensure the success of Myanmar's historic democratic transition, the United States should revise its outdated and counterproductive sanctions policy, according to Priscilla A. Clapp, former chief of mission at the U.S. Embassy in Myanmar.



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910970438903321

Autore

Laeven Luc

Titolo

Accounting discretion of banks during a financial crisis / / Luc Laeven, Harry Huizinga

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2009

ISBN

9786612844133

9781462332557

1462332552

9781451873542

1451873549

9781282844131

128284413X

9781452734927

1452734925

Edizione

[1st ed.]

Descrizione fisica

41 p. : ill

Collana

IMF Working Papers

Altri autori (Persone)

HuizingaHarry

Disciplina

332.01

Soggetti

Banks and banking

Accounting - Corrupt practices

Asset valuation

Asset-liability management

Banking

Banks and Banking

Banks

Depository Institutions

Finance

Financial Institutions and Services: Government Policy and Regulation

Financial instruments

Financial Risk Management

Financial services law & regulation

General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data)

Industries: Financial Services

International Financial Markets

Investment & securities

Investments: General

Loan loss provisions

Loans

Micro Finance Institutions

Mortgages



Securities

State supervision

United States

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references.

Nota di contenuto

Intro -- Contents -- I. Introduction -- II. Tobin's q Value and Market Discounts -- III. The Data -- IV. Market Discounts and Valuation Effects of Real Estate Related Assets -- A. Empirical Evidence on Market Discounts -- B. Banks' Stock Price Reaction to Amendments of Fair Value Accounting Rules -- V. Accounting Discretion on Impaired Assets and Asset Classification -- A. Accounting Discretion on Accounting for Bad Loans -- B. Classification of Mortgage-Backed Securities -- VI. Conclusions -- References -- Appendix -- Variable Definitions  and Data Sources -- Tables -- 1. Summary  Statistics for 2008, Quarterly Data -- 2. Tobin's q and Real Estate Related Assets in 2008 -- 3. Tobin's q and Real Estate Related Assets in 2001-2007 -- 4. Tobin's q Real Estate Related Assets and Asset Size -- 5. Tobin's q and Additional Balance Sheet and Off-balance Sheet Items -- 6. Event Study of New FASB Rules on Fair Value Accounting for Illiquid Assets (FAS 157), Announced on October 10, 2008 -- 7. Event Study of FASB Amendments to Fair Value Accounting of Hard-to-Value Assets, Announced on April 9, 2009 -- 8. Loan Loss Provisions and Net Loan Charge-offs in 2008 -- 9. Share of Mortgage-backed Securities that is Held-to-Maturity in 2008 -- 10. Share of Non-Guaranteed Mortgage-backed Securities that is Held-to-Maturity in 2001-2007 -- Figures -- 1. Tobin's q and Share  of Zombie Banks -- 2. Real Estate Loans and Mortgage-backed Securities -- 3. Share of Mortgage-backed Securities that is Held-to-Maturity -- 4. Fair Value of Mortgage-backed Securities Relative to Amortized Cost -- 5. Tier 1 Capital Ratio and Share of Tier 1 Capital in Total Capital.

Sommario/riassunto

This paper shows that banks use accounting discretion to overstate the value of distressed assets. Banks' balance sheets overvalue real estate-related assets compared to the market value of these assets, especially during the U.S. mortgage crisis. Share prices of banks with large exposure to mortgage-backed securities also react favorably to recent changes in accounting rules that relax fair-value accounting, and these banks provision less for bad loans. Furthermore, distressed banks use discretion in the classification of mortgage-backed securities to inflate their books. Our results indicate that banks' balance sheets offer a distorted view of the financial health of the banks.