National interests in an age of global technology / / Thomas H. Lee and Proctor P. Reid, editors ; Committee on Engineering as an International Enterprise, National Academy of Engineering

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910970045303321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1991
• ISBN: 9786610212279; 9781280212277; 1280212276; 9780309582827; 0309582822; 9780585142746; 0585142742
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: x, 159 p. : ill
• Collana: Series on prospering in a global economy
• Altri autori (Persone): LeeThomas H. <1923-2001.>; ReidProctor P
• Disciplina: 338.97306
• Soggetti: Technology and state - United States; International business enterprises - United States
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: National Interests in an Age of Global Technology -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Summary and Recommendations -- CAPTURING THE BENEFITS OF GLOBAL TECHNICAL ADVANCE -- DOMESTIC POLICY DIRECTIONS -- INTERNATIONAL POLICY DIRECTIONS -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 1 The Emerging Global Technical Enterprise -- CONVERGENCE IN TECHNICAL CAPABILITIES OF INDUSTRIALIZED NATIONS -- INTEGRATION OF NATIONAL TECHNOLOGY ENTERPRISES SINCE THE MID-1970S -- GROWTH OF U.S. ECONOMIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL INTERDEPENDENCE -- CHANGING CORPORATE STRATEGIES TOWARD TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND ACQUISITION -- INTERINDUSTRY VARIATIONS IN THE SCOPE AND CHARACTER OF GLOBALIZATION -- Automotive Industry -- Construction Industry -- Aircraft Engine Industry -- Cross-Industry Commonalities -- GLOBALIZATION OF U.S. UNIVERSITY-BASED TECHNICAL CAPABILITIES ; -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 2 Opportunities and Challenges of Globalization -- THE PROMISE OF GLOBALIZATION -- CHALLENGES FACING THE UNITED STATES AND ITS TRADING PARTNERS -- Forces That Lead to Domestic Protectionist Response -- International Asymmetries of Market Access -- The Different ''Learning'' Aptitudes of Nations -- The Threat of Global Monopolies -- GLOBALIZATION: ON BALANCE A POSITIVE TREND -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 3 Strengths and Weaknesses of the U.S. Technical Enterprise -- U.S. COMPARATIVE STRENGTHS -- The National Research Enterprise -- Advanced Technical Education -- The Domestic Market -- Information Technology -- The Nation's Pool of Technical Talent -- The Cultivation of Individual Creativity and Initiative -- Building on National Technical Assets Through Globalization -- U.S. COMPARATIVE WEAKNESSES -- Failures of the Educational System -- The University-Industry Mismatch -- The Eroding Economic Infrastructure -- The "Not-Invented-Here" Syndrome -- NOTES -- REFERENCES.; 4 Capturing Benefits of Global Technical Advance: Policy Implications -- GLOBALIZATION OF ADVANCED TECHNICAL ACTIVITIES -- THE CHANGING CHARACTER OF COMPETITION AMONG NATIONS -- IMPLICATIONS FOR THE UNITED STATES -- POLICY DIRECTIONS -- Domestic Policy Directions -- Policy Initiatives to Enhance Technology Adoption, Adaptation, and Diffusion -- A New Approach to Generic Technology Development -- The Issue of National Treatment -- Improving the Nation's Work Force and Economic Infrastructure -- Technical Competence in Government -- International Policy Directions -- Mutual Obligations of Multinational Corporations and Governments -- Greater Uniformity in Antitrust Policy at the International Level -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- Appendixes -- Appendix A Industry Technology Profiles -- I Aircraft Engine Industry -- II Automotive Industry -- Reference -- III Biotechnology -- Defining "Biotechnology -- The "New" Biotechnology -- Ongoing Technologies and Competencies -- Key Elements of Bioprocess Technology -- Biocatalysts -- Separation and Purification -- The "Biotechnology" Industry -- Emerging Technologies -- Biotechnology and ''Engineering as An International Enterprise -- IV Chemical Process Industry -- V Computer Printer Industry -- Current Technologies -- Solid-State Lasers-Japanese Leadership -- Ink Jet Technology-U.S. Leadership -- Manufacturing Costs-Japanese Leadership -- Design Capability-Japanese Leadership -- Printing Materials-U.S. Leadership -- Software Applications-U.S. Leadership -- Emerging Technologies -- Color-U.S. Leadership -- High-Speed Printers-U.S. Leadership -- Scanning-Japanese Leadership -- Facsimile-Japanese Leadership -- Technology Summary -- VI Construction Industry -- International Differences in Industry Structure and Its Consequences -- Contracting Practices -- The Regulatory and Business Environment.; VII Electrical Equipment and Power Systems Industry -- References -- VIII Semiconductor Industry -- Appendix B Contributors -- Appendix C Biographical Information on Committee Members -- Index.
• Sommario/riassunto: U.S. policymakers must come to terms with the implications of the "globalization of technology"--specifically, the dramatic increase in crossborder technical activities of private corporations and the rapid growth and redistribution of global technical capabilities since the mid-1970s. This book presents a policy framework for reconciling our national interests with the realities of the emerging global technical enterprise. Specific recommendations address how public policies can help ensure that U.S. citizens derive a fair share of the benefits of the global technology base. The volume discusses corporate nationality and its relevance to the policy debate, the need for greater international ; policy cooperation and negotiation in antitrust law, and the obligations of multinational corporations and their home and host governments. It also includes a series of detailed, up-to-date "technology profiles" of eight global industries, from aircraft engines to semiconductors.