Frontiers in chemical engineering : research needs and opportunities / / Committee on Chemical Engineering Frontiers--Research Needs and Opportunities, Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources, National Research Council

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910969746803321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1988
• ISBN: 9786610246830; 9781280246838; 1280246839; 9780309555197; 0309555191; 9780585037400; 058503740X
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (235 pages) : illustrations, plates
• Disciplina: 620/.0072
• Soggetti: Chemical engineering - Research - United States; Chemistry, Technical
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographies and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Frontiers In Chemical Engineering -- Copyright -- Contents -- One Executive Summary -- RESEARCH FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING -- Starting New Technologies -- Biotechnology and Biomedicine (Chapter 3) -- Electronic, Photonic, and Recording Materials and Devices (Chapter 4) -- Microstructured Materials (Chapters 5 and 9) -- Maintaining Leadership in Established Technologies -- In-Situ Processing of Energy and Mineral Resources (Chapter 6) -- Liquid Fuels for the Future (Chapters 6 and 9) -- Protecting and Improving the Environment -- Responsible Management of Hazardous Substances (Chapter 7) -- Developing Systematic Knowledge and Generic Tools -- Advanced Computational Methods and Process Control (Chapter 8) -- Surface and Interfacial Engineering (Chapter 9) -- HIGHLIGHTS OF THE RECOMMENDATIONS -- Education ; and Training of Chemical Engineers (Chapter 10) -- The Future Size and Composition of Academic Departments (Chapter 10) -- Balanced Portfolios (Chapter 10) -- The Need for Expanded Support of Research in Chemistry (Chapter 10) -- Two What Is Chemical Engineering -- TRADITIONAL PARADIGMS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING -- Unit Operations -- The Engineering Science Movement -- THE CONTEMPORARY TRAINING OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS -- A NEW PARADIGM FOR CHEMICAL ENGINEERING -- NOTE -- Three Biotechnology and Biomedicine -- CHALLENGES TO CHEMICAL ENGINEERS -- Human Health -- Artificial Organs, Artificial Tissues, and Prostheses -- Diagnostics -- Preventing and Curing Disease -- Agriculture -- Biochemical Synthesis -- Environment and Natural Resources -- INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION -- INTELLECTUAL FRONTIERS -- Models for Fundamental Biological Interactions -- Biological Surfaces and Interfaces -- Bioprocessing -- Bioreactors for Manufacturing Processes -- Process Monitoring and Control -- Separation of Bioproducts.; Engineering Analysis of Complex Biological Systems -- IMPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH FRONTIERS -- NOTES -- Suggested Reading -- Four Electronic, Photonic, and Recording Materials and Devices -- CURRENT CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING PROCESSES -- Microcircuits -- Light Wave Media and Devices -- Recording Media -- Materials and Devices for Interconnection and Packaging -- Photovoltaics -- Superconductors -- INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION -- Microcircuits -- Light Wave Media and Devices -- Recording Media -- Interconnection and Packaging -- Photovoltaics -- Superconductors -- General Observations -- INTELLECTUAL FRONTIERS -- Process Integration -- Reactor Engineering and Design -- Ultrapurification -- Chemical Synthesis and Processing of Polymeric Materials -- Chemical Synthesis and Processing of Ceramic Materials -- Deposition of Thin Films -- Modeling and the Study of Chemical Dynamics -- Engineering For Environmental Protection And Process Safety -- IMPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH FRONTIERS -- NOTES -- Suggested Reading -- Five Polymers, Ceramics, and Composites -- CHALLENGES TO CHEMICAL ENGINEERS -- Polymers -- Polymer Composites -- Advanced Ceramics -- Sol-Gel Processing -- Chemical Additives in Ceramic Processing -- Ceramic Composites -- Composite Liquids -- INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION -- Polymers and Polymer Composites -- Ceramics and Ceramic Composites -- Composite Liquids -- INTELLECTUAL FRONTIERS -- Microscale Structures and Processes -- New Concepts in Molecular Design of Composite Materials -- The Role of Interfaces in Materials Chemistry -- Understanding the Molecular Behavior of Complex Liquids -- Chemical Dynamics and Modeling of Molecular Processes -- The Intimate Connection Between Materials Synthesis and Processing -- Processing of Complex Liquids -- Processing of Powders -- Processing of Polymers -- Process Design and Control.; Fabrication and Repair of Materials Systems -- Designing Systems from the Molecules on Up -- Chemical Processing in the Fabrication of Materials System -- Detection and Repair of Flaws in Materials Systems -- IMPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH FRONTIERS -- NOTES -- Suggested Reading -- Six Processing of Energy and Natural Resources -- TECHNOLOGIES FOR EXPLOITING ENERGY SOURCES -- Enhanced Oil Recovery -- Shale Oil Production -- Conversion of Coal to Gaseous and Liquid Fuels -- New Raw Materials for Petroleum Refineries -- Municipal Solid Waste as an Energy Source -- Nuclear Energy -- Nuclear Fission -- Nuclear Fusion -- Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage -- Solar Power -- Geothermal Energy -- Plant Biomass as a Fuel Source -- TECHNOLOGIES FOR EXPLOITING MINERAL ; AND METAL RESOURCES -- High-Concentration Raw Materials -- Low-Concentration Raw Materials -- Waste Streams as Sources of Minerals and Metals -- INTELLECTUAL FRONTIERS -- In-Situ Processing -- Processing Solids -- Separation Processes -- Materials -- Advanced Methods for Design and Scale-up -- Other Important Research -- IMPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH FRONTIERS -- NOTES -- Seven Environmental Protection, Process Safety, and Hazardous Waste Management -- IMPACT ON SOCIETY OF CHEMICALS IN THE ENVIRONMENT -- Chemical Industry Safety -- Combustion of Fuels for Power Generation and Transportation -- Hazardous Waste Management -- DESIGN OF INHERENTLY SAFER AND LESS POLLUTING PLANTS AND PROCESSES -- COMBUSTION -- Hydrocarbons and Fuel-Bound Nitrogen -- Soot -- Ash -- Sulfur Oxides -- Fires and Explosions -- HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT -- Detoxification of Currently Generated Waste -- Thermal Destruction -- Biodegradation -- Separation Processes -- Wet Oxidation -- Remediation of Toxic Waste Sites -- Separation Processes -- Biodegradation -- Monitoring -- BEHAVIOR OF EFFLUENTS IN THE ENVIRONMENT.; The Atmospheric Environment -- The Aquatic and Soil Environments -- Ambient Monitoring -- Multimedia Approach to Integrated Chemical Management -- ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH, SAFETY, AND ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS -- Risk Assessment -- Hazard Identification and Assessment -- Exposure Assessment -- Risk Management -- IMPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH FRONTIERS -- NOTES -- Eight Computer-Assisted Process and Control Engineering -- USING THE COMPUTER'S POTENTIAL -- MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF FUNDAMENTAL PHENOMENA -- Hydrodynamic Systems -- Polymer Processing -- Petroleum Production -- Combustion Systems -- Environmental Systems -- PROCESS DESIGN -- Computer-Assisted Design of New Processes -- Computer-Assisted Process Retrofitting -- Research Opportunities in Process Design -- PROCESS OPERATIONS AND CONTROL -- Measurements -- Interpretation of Process Information -- Integration of Process Design with Control -- Robust and Adaptive Control -- Batch Process Engineering -- PROCESS SENSORS -- Future Sensor Developments -- Research Opportunities -- PROCESS ENGINEERING INFORMATION MANAGEMENT -- IMPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH FRONTIERS -- Nine Surfaces, Interfaces, and Microstructures -- The Nature Of Structure -- Relationship To Applications Of Chemical Engineering -- Biochemical And Biomedical Engineering -- Electronic, Photonic, And Recording Materials And Devices -- Polymers, Ceramics, And Composites -- Processing Of Energy And Natural Resources -- Environmental Protection, Process Safety, And Hazardous Waste Management -- INTELLECTUAL FRONTIERS -- Catalysis -- Catalyst Synthesis -- Characterization of Catalyst Structure -- Surface Chemistry -- Catalyst Design -- Electrochemistry and Corrosion -- Charge Transfer -- Molecular Dynamics -- Supramolecular Microstructures -- Electronic, Photonic, and Recording Materials and Devices -- Characterization of Microstructure.; Photoresist Processing -- Chemical Vapor Deposition and Plasma Deposition/Etching of Thin Films -- Mathematical Modeling -- Colloids, Surfactants, and Fluid Interfaces -- Ceramics, Cements, and Structural Composites -- Membranes -- RESEARCH NEEDS -- Instrumentation -- Microscopy and Microtomography -- Scattering Methods -- Resonance Spectroscopies -- Other Important Methods -- Cost and Availability -- Theory -- IMPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH FRONTIERS -- Ten Recommendations -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ACADEMIA -- Education and Training of Chemical Engineers -- The ; Future Size and Composition of Academic Departments -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR INDUSTRY -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR GOVERNMENT -- Balanced Portfolios -- Support Mechanisms in Perspective -- Recommendations for Specific Federal Agencies -- National Science Foundation -- Department of Energy -- National Institutes of Health -- Department of Defense -- Environmental Protection Agency -- National Bureau of Standards -- Bureau of Mines -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES -- American Institute of Chemical Engineers -- American Chemical Society -- Council for Chemical Research -- CONCLUSION -- NOTE -- Appendix A Detailed Recommendations for Funding -- CURRENT FUNDING PATTERNS -- THE COST OF FRONTIER RESEARCH -- NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION -- Biotechnology and Biomedicine -- NSF Initiative 1 -- Materials -- NSF Initiative 2 -- NSF Initiative 3 -- Processing of Energy and Natural Resources -- NSF Initiative 4 -- Environmental Protection, Process Safety, and Hazardous Waste Management -- NSF Initiative 5 -- Computer-Assisted Process and Control Engineering -- NSF Initiative 6 -- Surface and Interfacial Engineering -- NSF Initiative 7 -- Research Excellence Awards -- NSF Initiative 8 -- Conclusion -- DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY -- In-Situ Processing of Energy and Mineral Resources -- DOE Initiative 1.; Liquid Fuels for the Future.
• Sommario/riassunto: In the next 10 to 15 years, chemical engineers have the potential to affect every aspect of American life and promote the scientific and industrial leadership of the United States. Frontiers in Chemical Engineering explores the opportunities available and gives a blueprint for turning a multitude of promising visions into realities. It also examines the likely changes in how chemical engineers will be educated and take their place in the profession, and presents new research opportunities.