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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910968799503321 |
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Autore |
Gentilini Ugo |
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Titolo |
Exploring universal basic income : a guide to navigating concepts, evidence, and practices / / Ugo Gentilini, Margaret Grosh, Jamele Rigolini, Ruslan Yemtsov |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Washington : , : World Bank Group, , 2020 |
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ISBN |
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9781787859227 |
1787859223 |
9781464815119 |
1464815119 |
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Edizione |
[1st ed.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (pages cm) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- About the Authors -- Abbreviations -- Overview: Exploring Universal Basic Income -- References -- Chapter 1. The Idea of Universal Basic Income -- A Glimpse at History -- Anatomy of UBI -- Universality -- Conditionality -- Transfer Modality -- Choices on Other Parameters -- Three Stylized Narratives on UBI -- Social Protection -- Automation and Labor Market Disruptions -- Resource Dividends -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 2. UBI as Social Assistance: Comparative Models and Instruments -- Types of Programs -- Benefit-Based Programs Not Based on Work -- Child Allowances and Social Pensions -- Guaranteed Minimum Income -- Other Poverty-Based Cash Transfers -- Tax-Based Programs Not Based on Work -- Benefit-Based Programs Based on Work -- Job Guarantee Programs -- Temporary Public Works Programs -- Wage Subsidy Programs -- Tax-Based Programs Based on Work -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 3. Universal Basic Income and Work -- The Arguments -- The Nature of the Evidence -- Participation in Paid Work and Financial Work Incentives -- Conditions of Paid Work -- Valuation and Distribution of Unpaid Work -- Formal and Informal Work -- Conclusions -- Work Incentives and Participation in Paid Work -- |
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Conditions of Work -- Valuation and Distribution of Unpaid Work -- Formal and Informal Work -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 4. Comparative Effects of Universal Basic Income: Emerging Issues and Estimates -- Data -- Methodology -- Results -- Poverty and Inequality in the Baseline Scenario -- Replacing Social Assistance Programs with a Budget-Neutral UBI -- Replacing Baseline Social Assistance Programs with a More Generous UBI -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 5. Financing a Universal Basic Income: A Primer. |
Assessing the Fiscal Space for a UBI -- Assessing the Scope for Financing a UBI through Expenditure Measures -- Expenditure Savings -- Subsidies Reform -- Reforms of Public Wages and Employment -- Assessing the Scope for Financing a UBI through Revenue-Raising Measures -- Taxes on Personal Income -- Taxes on Corporate Income -- Taxes on Wealth -- Taxes on Consumption -- Other Potential Revenue Sources -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 6. The Political Economy of Universal Basic Income -- A Stylized Model of Political Economy -- Constituencies, Ideologies, and Coalitions -- Political Transformations of the UBI -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 7. What Does It Take to Deliver a Universal Basic Income in Practice? -- Delivery Chain -- Phase 1: Assessing -- Phase 2: Decision Making -- Phase 3: Implementation -- Surrounding Ecosystem: Foundational Elements -- ID Systems -- Civil Registration Systems -- Interoperability and Data Protection Frameworks -- Payment Service Provision -- Summary -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Appendixes -- A: UBI-Related Pilots -- B: UBI-Related Proposals -- C: Quantitative Evidence on Conditional and Unconditional Transfers -- D: Microsimulations Data and Methodology -- E: Annotated Bibliography -- Boxes -- 1.1 Negative Income Tax Pilots -- 1.2 Welfare Continuity and Poverty Dynamics -- 1.3 Evidence from Systematic Reviews on the Impact of Conditions in Cash Transfer Programs -- 1.4 Do Cash Transfers Affect Mobility? -- 1.5 Rights Architecture and Select Legislative Provisions -- 1.6 UBI Proposals in India -- 1.7 Jobs and Societies -- 2.1 Balancing Wage Subsidy Compliance and Generosity -- 4.1 Baseline Welfare State Typologies -- 6.1 Mapping Ideological Attitudes on Basic Income across the Political Spectrum in Finland. |
6.2 The Politics Surrounding the Introduction of Universal Child Allowances in the United Kingdom -- 7.1 UBI within an Integrated Social Registry -- Figures -- O.1 UBI within a Social Assistance Cube -- O.2 Basic Framework for Navigating UBI Decision Making -- O.3 Poverty Reduction Effects of a UBI and Baseline Cash-Based Programs -- O.4 Distributional Effects of a Budget-Neutral UBI Reform, Average across 10 Sampled Countries -- 1.1 UBI within a Social Assistance Cube -- 1.2 Cost of a UBI by Poverty and Demographic Variables -- 1.3 Modalities for UBI Phase-in -- 1.4 Alaskan Permanent Fund Dividend Beneficiaries and Annual Percentage Change in Dividends, 1982-2017 -- 1.5 Global Copper Prices and Universal Basic Income in Mongolia -- B1.2.1 Welfare Distribution in Bangladesh -- B1.6.1 Comparison of India's Select UBI Proposals -- 2.1 Benefit Structures of Select Interventions -- 2.2 Benefit Incidence Net of Taxes: Simulated UBI and SNAP in the United States -- 2.3 NIT Benefit Structure Based on Friedman's 1970 Family Assistance Plan Model -- 2.4 The Inverse U-Shaped Benefit Structure of the EITC -- 4.1 Baseline Poverty and Inequality Indicators -- 4.2 Poverty Impacts of Budget-Neutral UBI Reform -- 4.3 Progressivity and Relative Performance of a Budget-Neutral UBI Reform -- 4.4 Inequality Impacts: Reduction in Gini Coefficient -- 4.5 Winners and Losers from a Budget-Neutral UBI Reform -- 4.6 Winners and Losers across Welfare Deciles -- 4.7 Universal versus Adults-Only UBI: Impact on Children |
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Age 0-6 -- 4.8 Poverty Impacts of More Generous UBI Schemes (Spending Only) -- 4.9 Total Spending as a Percentage of GDP by UBI Scenario -- 4.10 Squared Poverty Gap Impact for Consumable Income under Baseline and Different UBI Scenarios -- 4.11 Incidence of Taxes for the Top 10 Percent under Alternative UBI and Financing Scenarios. |
5.1 General Government Gross Debt as a Percentage of GDP, 2009-17 -- 5.2 Variations in General Government Gross Debt, 2017 -- 5.3 Selected Countries Where Pretax Energy Subsidies Exceeded 2 Percent of GDP in 2015 -- 5.4 General Government Employment as a Percentage of the Working-Age Population, 2015 -- 5.5 Public Wage Premium as a Percentage of Average Private Wage -- 5.6 Average 2005-15 Revenue/GDP Ratios for Selected Country Groups -- 5.7 Variations by Country Group in Average 2005-15 GDP/Revenue Ratios -- 5.8 Average 2005-15 PIT/GDP Ratios -- 5.9 Average 2005-15 CIT/GDP Ratios -- 5.10 Average 2005-15 Consumption Tax/GDP Ratios -- 6.1 Three Main Components of the Model and Basic Income Variations -- 6.2 The Demand-Capacity Paradox -- B6.1.1 Political Party Support for Basic Income in Finland, 1979-2015 -- B6.1.2 Support for Basic Income and Left-Right Ideological Position -- 7.1 UBI Delivery Chain Compared to Typical Social Assistance Program -- 7.2 Population Coverage of Social Registries by Country -- 7.3 Percentage of Populations without Official Proof of Identity -- 7.4 National and Digital ID Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa, 1960-2018 -- 7.5 Birth Registration Coverage by Region -- 7.6 Percentage of Adults (15+) with an Account at a Financial Institution or with a Mobile Money Provider -- D.1 Coverage and Incidence of Baseline Programs -- Tables -- 1.1 Which Initiative Is Currently a Pure UBI? -- 1.2 Barriers to Coverage -- 1.3 Alignment of UBI Narrative with Basic Transfer -- 2.1 Program Typology -- 2.2 Summary Comparison of Intervention Features -- B4.1.1 Illustrative Welfare State Typologies -- 5.1 Revenue Sources Scored on Different Criteria -- C.1 Comparative Impact Evaluations -- C.2 Systematic and Literature Reviews -- D.1 ASPIRE Database Use -- D.2 Selected Social Assistance Programs by Country. |
D.3 Indonesia Simulated Benefit Levels for Main Social Assistance Programs -- D.4 Evolution of Indonesia's Social Assistance Budget. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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"Universal Basic Income (UBI) is one of the most hotly-debated ideas in development and social protection. Drawing from global evidence and experiences, this volume provides a compass to help navigate key issues and trade-offs, as well as offering new data and insights to better inform choices around the appropriateness and feasibility of UBI in different contexts. Structured around seven chapters and based on one of the most comprehensive reviews of the literature available, the book provides a framework to understand the interplay between objectives, design, incentives, micro-simulations, financing, political economy, and implementation of UBI as well as of social assistance more generally"-- |
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