1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910967324103321

Autore

Strand Jon

Titolo

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Supply for the G-7 Countries, with Emphasis on Germany / / Jon Strand

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2007

ISBN

9786613824776

9781462335633

1462335632

9781452745060

1452745064

9781283512329

1283512327

9781451913156

145191315X

Edizione

[1st ed.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (37 p.)

Collana

IMF Working Papers

Disciplina

333.79413

Soggetti

Renewable energy sources - Economic aspects - Group of Seven countries

Energy consumption - Economic aspects - Group of Seven countries

Renewable energy sources - Economic aspects - Germany

Energy consumption - Economic aspects - Germany

Alternative Energy Sources

Climate change

Climate

Electric Utilities

Electric utilities

Electricity

Energy

Environmental Conservation and Protection

Environmental management

Global Warming

Greenhouse gas emissions

Greenhouse gases

Investment & securities

Investments: Energy

Natural Disasters and Their Management

Natural Resources

Natural resources



Non-renewable resources

Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation: General

Renewable energy sources

Renewable energy

Renewable Resources and Conservation: General

Renewable resources

United States

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

"December 2007."

At head of title: Fiscal Affairs Department.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references (p. 33-35).

Nota di contenuto

Contents; I. Introduction; I. Renewables in Advanced Economies: General Issues; A. Introduction; B. Support to and Supply of Renewables in Major Advanced Countries; Tables; 1. Renewable Energy, More Detailed Source Classification, Major OECD Countries, 2004; Figures; 1. Distributions of Renewable Energy in Major OECD Countries, 2004; C. Public Renewables Support and Carbon Emissions Reductions; 2. Average Cost, Euros Per Ton of CO2 Displaced, When Fossil Fuels Are Replaced with Renewable Energies; D. Biofuels and Their Support in Advanced Economies

2. Cost-Effectiveness in Carbon Abatement, Different Uses of Biomass3. Production Volumes (thousand tons), and Values of Tax Exemptions (Euro/cents per liter), for Biofuel and Biodiesel in Major European Countries and the United States; 4. Calculated Average Public Support to Bioethanol and Biodiesel in the EU, by Support Category, 2006; 5. Calculated Average Public Support to Bioethanol and Biodiesel in the EU Per Unit of Fossil Fuels Displaced, by Supply Category, 2006; II. Further Aspects of Renewables Policies in Germany; A. Introduction

B. Renewables for Electricity Generation in Germany6. Overview of Main Renewable Energies, Germany, 2006; 7. Feed in Tariffs by Technology, 2006; 3. Forecast Quantities and Fees of Feed-In Tariffs, by 2012; 8. Supplementary Payments for Electricity Exports to the Grid; C. Policies Affecting Value-Adding Inputs; 4. German Federal Government Support for Basic R&D, 1974-2007; 9. Breakdown of German Federal Government Energy R&D by Research Theme/Ministry 1974-2000; 10. Combined Federal States (Länder) Support for Deployment of Renewable Energy Technologies; D. Biofuels for Transport

III. Overall Assessment of Renewables Policies in Advanced CountriesReferences

Sommario/riassunto

This paper discusses structure, impact, costs, and efficiency of renewable energy supply in the eight largest advanced economies (the G-7 plus Spain), with focus on Germany. Renewables production costs are compared to benefits, defined as reductions in net carbon emissions; technological innovation, and increased energy security. The latter part of the paper centers on Germany, the main European producer of non-traditional renewables. We question whether the level of subsidies can be justified, relative to other means to increase energy security and reduce carbon emissions. We also find an excessive emphasis on current productive activity, relative to development of new technologies.



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910967120303321

Autore

Richter Daniel K

Titolo

The Ordeal of the Longhouse : The Peoples of the Iroquois League in the Era of European Colonization

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Chapel Hill, : The University of North Carolina Press, 2011

ISBN

979-88-908664-2-4

1-4696-0320-9

Edizione

[1st ed.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (455 p.)

Collana

Published for the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture, Williamsburg, Virginia

Disciplina

974.7004975

Soggetti

Iroquois Indians - History

Iroquois Indians - First contact with other peoples

Iroquois Indians - Government relations

Gender & Ethnic Studies

Social Sciences

Ethnic & Race Studies

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di contenuto

Cover; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; Illustrations; Introduction; Chapter One: The Iroquois in the World on the Turtle's Back; Chapter Two: The Great League of Peace and Power; Chapter Three: The Great League for War and Survival; Chapter Four: The Economic Lifeline to the Dutch; Chapter Five: The Ascendancy of the Francophiles; Chapter Six: The Revolt of the Anglophiles; Chapter Seven: The Last of the Beaver Wars; Chapter Eight: The Political Crisis of the Iroquois Confederacy; Chapter Nine: The Precarious Settlement Abroad and at Home

Chapter Ten: The Neutralist Diplomacy of Peace and BalanceChapter Eleven: The Iroquois in a Euro-American World; Methodological Comments; Abbreviations Used in the Notes; Notes; Select Bibliography; Index; A; B; C; D; E; F; G; H; I; J; K; L; M; N; O; P; Q; R; S; T; U; V; W; Y; Untitled

Sommario/riassunto

Richter examines a wide range of primary documents to survey the responses of the peoples of the Iroquois League—the Mohawks, Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas, Senecas, and Tuscaroras—to the



challenges of the European colonialization of North America. He demonstrates that by the early eighteenth century a series of creative adaptations in politics and diplomacy allowed the peoples of the Longhouse to preserve their cultural autonomy in a land now dominated by foreign powers.