A Dictionary of plant pathology / Paul Holliday

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910773898703321
• Autore: Holliday, Paul
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cambridge ... <etc.>, : Cambridge University Press, c1989
• ISBN: 0521424755
• Descrizione fisica: XVI, 364 p. ; 23 cm
• Disciplina: 571.92
• Locazione: FAGBC
• Collocazione: A PAT 489
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia

Disposal of industrial and domestic wastes : land and sea alternatives / / Board on Ocean Science and Policy, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources, National Research Council

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910965408503321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1984
• ISBN: 9786610222193; 9781280222191; 1280222190; 9780309567091; 0309567092
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (xiv, 210 pages) : illustrations, charts
• Disciplina: 363.7/28
• Soggetti: Refuse and refuse disposal; Factory and trade waste; Environmental policy
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Consists of rev. panel reports presented at the Workshop on Land, Sea, and Air Options for the Disposal of Industrial and Domestic Wastes, held on Jan. 16-21, 1983, in Napa Valley, Calif.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographies.
• Nota di contenuto: Disposal of Industrial and Domestic Wastes -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction -- Executive Summary of Workshop Report -- 1 Report of the Panel on Sludge Management and Public Policy -- 1.1 DEFINITION OF THE PROBLEM -- 1.2 CONSTRAINTS ON POLICY IMPLEMENTATION -- 1.2.1 The Statutory Framework -- 1.2.2 The System of Public Administration -- 1.2.3 Economic Factors -- 1.3 ANALYTICAL METHODS AND INFORMATION NEEDS FOR DEVELOPING AND ASSESSING PUBLIC POLICY ON WASTE MANAGEMENT -- 1.3.1. The Assumptions -- 1.3.2 The Context for Waste-Management Decision Making -- 1.3.2.1 Weighting -- 1.3.2.2 Scale of Resolution -- 1.3.2.3 Boundaries of the Problem -- 1.3.3 Scientific Uncertainty and the Value of Information -- 1.3.4 The Effects of Concern from Decision Making -- 1.3.5 Matrix Approaches to Multimedia Assessment -- 1.3.6 Methodological Problems of Integrating Various Types of Information -- 1.3.7 Methods for Resolving Conflict in the Public Policy Process -- 1.4 CONCLUSIONS -- NOTES AND REFERENCES -- 2 Report of the Panel on Marine Sciences -- 2.1 INTRODUCTION -- 2.2 OCEAN PROCESSES DETERMINING TRANSPORT, FATE, AND EFFECTS -- 2.2.2 The Process-Oriented Approach -- 2.2.2.1 Physical Processes -- 2.2.2.2 Chemical Processes -- 2.2.2.3 Biological Processes -- 2.2.3 Predictions of Concentrations and Fluxes -- 2.2.3.1 Basis for Prediction -- 2.2.3.2 Information Needs for Prediction -- 2.3 CASE STUDY: PROPOSED DEEP-OCEAN DISCHARGE OF SEWAGE SLUDGE -- 2.3.1 Suspended Solids -- 2.3.1.1 Synthetic Organics -- 2.3.1.2 Dissolved Oxygen/Biochemical Oxygen Demand -- 2.3.1.3 Nutrients -- 2.3.1.4 Metals -- 2.4 ULTIMATE FATE -- 2.5 OVERVIEW -- 2.5.1 Assessment of Capabilities -- 2.5.2 Information Needs Resulting from Prediction -- REFERENCES -- 3 Report of the Panel on Land Disposal -- 3.1 INTRODUCTION -- 3.2 WASTE PROPERTIES -- 3.2.1 Pathogen Content.; 3.2.2 Acute Toxicity -- 3.2.3 Chronic Toxicity -- 3.2.4 Toxicant Mobility -- 3.2.5 Biodegradability/Persistence -- 3.2.6 Bioaccumulation -- 3.2.7 Waste Component Interactions -- 3.2.8 Phytotoxicity -- 3.2.9 Incompatibility with Containment Systems -- 3.2.10 Volume -- 3.3 SITE PROPERTIES -- 3.3.1 Hydrologic Considerations -- 3.3.1.1 Characterization of Loading Rate -- 3.3.1.2 Overland Runoff -- 3.3.1.3 Water-Flow Velocity -- 3.3.1.4 Transport in the Groundwater System -- 3.3.1.5 Transport in Surface-Water Systems -- 3.3.1.6 Summary of Hydrologic Considerations -- 3.3.1.7 Land-Use Considerations -- 3.3.2 Terrestrial Ecological Considerations -- 3.4 FACILITY DESIGN PROPERTIES -- 3.4.1 Location -- 3.4.2 Site Selection -- 3.4.3 Barriers to Waste Migration -- 3.4.4 Waste Segregation -- 3.4.5 Maintainability -- 3.4.6 Site Development -- 3.4.7 Monitoring -- REFERENCES -- 4 Report of the Panel on Biological Effects -- 4.1 SITE EVALUATION -- 4.1.1 Introduction -- 4.1.2 Marine Site Evaluation -- 4.1.2.1 Nearshore Disposal -- 4.1.2.2 Deep-Water Disposal -- 4.1.2 Terrestrial Site Evaluation -- 4.2 CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION OF ECOSYSTEM EFFECTS -- 4.2.1 General Aspects of Ecosystem Evaluation -- 4.2.2 Effects on Species -- 4.2.3 Community Stability -- 4.2.3.1 Resistance -- 4.2.3.2 Recoverability -- 4.2.4 Productivity Changes -- 4.2.5 Transport of Waste Constituents -- 4.2.6 Habitat Types -- 4.2.6.1 Uniqueness -- 4.2.6.2 Recoverability -- 4.2.6.3 Nursery Grounds -- 4.2.7 Monitoring Ecosystem Effects -- 4.2.8 Health Effects--Pathogens -- 4.2.8.1 Pathogen Problems Associated with Marine Disposal -- 4.2.8.2 Pathogen Problems Associated with Land Disposal -- 4.2.9 ; Toxicological Effects--Toxicants -- 4.2.10 Summary -- 4.3 INFORMATION NEEDS -- REFERENCES -- 5 Case Study A: Report of the Panel on Sewage Sludge -- 5.1 INTRODUCTION.; 5.1.1 Why Must Wastewater Sludges Be Studied? -- 5.1.2 Availability of Required Information -- 5.1.3 Approach to the Problem -- 5.2 THE MATERIAL -- 5.2.1 Source -- 5.2.2 Wastewater Treatment Processes -- 5.2.3 Sludge Conversion -- 5.2.4 Pathogens -- 5.2.5 Trace Metals -- 5.2.5.1 Potentially Harmful Trace Contaminants -- 5.2.5.2 Phytotoxic Elements in Sludge -- 5.2.5.3 Selection of Disposal/Utilization Sites -- 5.3 AVAILABLE DISPOSAL AND/OR REUSE OPTIONS -- 5.3.1 Thermal Processes -- 5.3.1.1 Incineration -- 5.3.1.2 Pyrolysis -- 5.3.1.3 Wet Combustion -- 5.3.2 Land-Based Alternatives -- 5.3.3 Ocean-Based Alternatives -- 5.3.4.1 Chemical Fixation -- 5.3.4.2 Thermal Fixation -- 5.4 LOCAL CONSIDERATIONS -- 5.4.1 Environmental Considerations -- 5.4.1.1 Geography -- 5.4.1.2 Climate -- 5.4.1.3 Unique Environmental Features -- 5.4.1.4 Other Factors -- 5.4.2 Sociopolitical Factors -- 5.5 EVALUATION PROCESS -- 5.5.1 Introduction -- 5.5.2 Human Health Risk -- 5.5.3 Conclusions -- 5.5.4 Financial Assessment -- 5.6 SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- 6 Case Study B: Report of the Panel on Industrial Wastes -- 6.1 INTRODUCTION -- 6.2 CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES -- 6.2.1 Screening of Alternatives -- 6.2.2 Detailed Evaluation -- 6.2.3 Cost Estimation for Alternatives -- 6.2.4 Final Listing of Alternatives -- 6.3 IMPACT ASSESSMENT -- 6.3.1 Environmental Impacts -- 6.3.2 Institutional Impacts -- 6.4 DECISION MAKING -- 6.5 CASE STUDY -- 6.5.1 Background -- 6.5.1.1 Neutralization and Land Disposal (Table 6.4) -- 6.5.1.2 Ocean Disposal (Table 6.5) -- 6.5.1.3 Conclusion -- 6.6 CONCLUSIONS AND INFORMATION NEEDS -- REFERENCES -- Appendix A: Participants.
• Sommario/riassunto: Can decision makers meaningfully compare land versus sea options for waste disposal? Using available scientific data on waste behavior and new studies from East and West Coast dump sites, this book shows how to use a matrix approach to rank the ecological and health consequences of any combination of waste, site, and disposal system design.