Perceptual audio evaluation : theory, method and application / / Sren Bech, Nick Zacharov

• Record Nr.: UNINA9911019253003321
• Autore: Bech Sren
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Chichester, England ; ; Hoboken, NJ, : John Wiley & Sons, c2006
• ISBN: 9786610741236; 9781280741234; 1280741236; 9780470869253; 0470869259; 9780470869246; 0470869240
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (464 p.)
• Altri autori (Persone): ZacharovNick
• Disciplina: 621.389/33
• Soggetti: Sound - Recording and reproducing; High-fidelity sound systems - Testing; Sound - Measurement
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (p. 389-434) and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Perceptual Audio Evaluation-Theory, Method and Application; Contents; Preface; Organisation of the Book; Acknowledgments; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Motivation for Listening Tests; 1.2 Role of Standardisation; 1.3 Role of Predictive Models; I Experimental Considerations; 2 Definition of Research Question and Hypothesis; 2.1 Principle of Empiricism; 2.2 Principle of Rationalism; 2.3 Other Principles of Scientific Argumentation; 2.3.1 Probabilistic Reasoning; 2.3.2 Argumentum ad Hominem; 2.3.3 Conclusion by Analogy; 2.4 Summary; 3 Fundamentals of Experimentation; 4 Quantification of Impression; 4.1 Response Attribute4.1.1 Perceptual Measurements; 4.1.2 Affective Measurements; 4.2 Response Format; 4.2.1 Direct Scaling; 4.2.2 Indirect Scaling; 4.2.3 Selection of an Appropriate Scaling Procedure; 4.2.4 Context and Bias Effects; 4.2.5 Other Bias Effects; 4.3 Overview of Process; 5 Experimental Variables; 5.1 Signal; 5.1.1 Signal Category; 5.1.2 Recording Technique, Storage and Encoding; 5.1.3 Time Domain ; Characteristics; 5.1.4 Spectral Characteristics; 5.1.5 Spatial Characteristics; 5.1.6 Reference Signals; 5.2 Reproduction System; 5.3 Listening Room; 5.4 Subject Considerations; 5.4.1 Categorisation and Applicability5.4.2 Listening Panels; 5.4.3 Subject Selection; 5.4.4 Training and Monitoring; 6 Statistics; 6.1 Statistical Experimental Design; 6.2 Statistical Analysis; 6.2.1 Classification of Data Type; 6.2.2 Levels of Analysis; 6.2.3 Descriptive Level; 6.2.4 Inferential Level; 6.2.5 Statistical Checklist; II Technical Considerations; 7 Electroacoustic Considerations; 7.1 Listening Rooms; 7.1.1 IEC 60268-13 Listening Rooms; 7.1.2 ITU-R Recommendation BS.1116-1 Listening Rooms; 7.1.3 EBU 3276 Listening Rooms; 7.1.4 General Characteristics; 7.2 Listening Booths; 7.3 Other Spaces7.4 Listener and Loudspeaker Positioning; 7.4.1 Monophonic Reproduction; 7.4.2 Stereophonic Reproduction; 7.4.3 Multichannel Reproduction; 7.4.4 Separate Bass Loudspeakers; 7.4.5 Listener Position; 7.5 Accompanying Picture; 7.6 Commonly Encountered Problems; 7.7 Electrical Considerations; 8 Calibration; 8.1 Level Calibration; 8.1.1 Level Calibration Methods; 8.1.2 Level Metric Selection; 8.1.3 Preferred Listening Levels; 8.1.4 Reference Reproduction Levels; 8.2 Loudspeaker Calibration; 8.2.1 Level Calibration; 8.3 Headphone Calibration; 8.3.1 Headphone Types; 8.3.2 Ear Measurement Points8.3.3 Headphone Measurement; 8.3.4 Target Frequency Response; 8.3.5 Level Calibration; 9 Test Planning, Administration and Reporting; 9.1 Planning; 9.1.1 Experimental Planning; 9.1.2 Logistic Considerations; 9.1.3 Ethical Considerations; 9.2 Administration; 9.2.1 Subject Matters; 9.2.2 Subject Familiarisation; 9.2.3 Listening Test Software; 9.3 Reporting; III Applications; 10 Commonly Encountered Experimental Paradigms; 10.1 Standards; 10.1.1 ITU-T Recommendation P.800 Methods; 10.1.2 ITU-R Recommendation BS.1116-1; 10.1.3 ITU-R Recommendation BS.1534-1; IV Appendices
• Sommario/riassunto: As audio and telecommunication technologies develop, there is an increasing need to evaluate the technical and perceptual performance of these innovations. A growing number of new technologies (e.g. low bit-rate coding) are based on specific properties of the auditory system, which are often highly non-linear. This means that the auditory quality of such systems cannot be measured by traditional physical measures (such as distortion, frequency response etc.), but only by perceptual evaluations in the form of listening tests. Perceptual Audio Evaluation provides a comprehen

Elementary number theory with applications / / Thomas Koshy

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910962184403321
• Autore: Koshy Thomas
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Amsterdam ; ; Boston, : Academic Press, c2007
• ISBN: 1-282-54025-4; 9786612540257; 0-08-054709-5
• Edizione: [2nd ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (801 pages)
• Disciplina: 512.7
• Soggetti: Number theory
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Errata slip inserted.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Fundamentals -- Divisibility -- Greatest common divisors -- Congruences -- Congruence applications -- Systems of linear congruences -- Three classical milestones -- Multiplicative functions -- Cryptology -- Primitive roots and indices -- Quadratic congruences -- Continued fractions -- Miscellaneous nonlinear diophantine equations.
• Sommario/riassunto: This second edition updates the well-regarded 2001 publication with new short sections on topics like Catalan numbers and their relationship to Pascal's triangle and Mersenne numbers, Pollard rho factorization method, Hoggatt-Hensell identity. Koshy has added a new chapter on continued fractions. The unique features of the first edition like news of recent discoveries, biographical sketches of mathematicians, and applications--like the use of congruence in scheduling of a round-robin tournament--are being refreshed with current information. More challenging exercises are included both in the t