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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910785785003321 |
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Autore |
Leonardi Paul M. <1979-> |
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Titolo |
Car crashes without cars : lessons about simulation technology and organizational change from automotive design / / Paul M. Leonardi |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Cambridge, Mass., : MIT Press, ©2012 |
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ISBN |
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1-283-58722-X |
9786613899675 |
0-262-30577-1 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (345 p.) |
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Collana |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Automobiles - Design and construction - Data processing |
Automobiles - Computer simulation |
Technology - Social aspects |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Perceptions of inevitability -- Toward a theory of sociomaterial imbrication -- Crashworthiness analysis at autoworks -- Developing problems and solving technologies -- Articulating visions of technology and organization -- Interpreting relationships between the social and the material -- Appropriating material features to change work -- Organizing as a process of sociomaterial imbrication. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Every workday we wrestle with cumbersome and unintuitive technologies. Our response is usually "That's just the way it is." Even technology designers and workplace managers believe that certain technological changes are inevitable and that they will bring specific, unavoidable organizational changes. In this book, Paul Leonardi offers a new conceptual framework for understanding why technologies and organizations change as they do and why people think those changes had to occur as they did. He argues that technologies and the organizations in which they are developed and used are not separate entities; rather, they are made up of the same building blocks: social agency and material agency. Over time, social agency and material agency become imbricated--gradually interlocked--in ways that produce some changes we call "technological" and others we call |
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"organizational." Drawing on a detailed field study of engineers at a U.S. auto company, Leonardi shows that as the engineers developed and used a a new computer-based simulation technology for automotive design, they chose to change how their work was organized, which then brought new changes to the technology. Each imbrication of the social and the material obscured the actors' previous choices, making the resulting technological and organizational structures appear as if they were inevitable. Leonardi suggests that treating organizing as a process of sociomaterial imbrication allows us to recognize and act on the flexibility of information technologies and to create more effective work organizations. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910961961203321 |
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Autore |
Alderman Harold |
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Titolo |
The 1.5 Billion People Question : Food, Vouchers, or Cash Transfers? / / Harold Alderman |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Washington, D.C. : , : The World Bank, , 2017 |
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ISBN |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (338 pages) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Food relief |
Public welfare |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Chapter 1. The evolution of food as social assistance: an overview / Harold Alderman, Ugo Gentilini, Ruslan Yemtsov -- Chapter 2. The public distribution system in India: policy evolution and program delivery trends / Shrayana Bhattacharya, Vanita Leah Falcao, Raghav Puri -- Chapter 3. The Tamween fuood subsidy system in Egypt: evolution and recent implemantation reforms / Moustufa Abdalla, Sherine Al-Shawarby -- Chapter 4. Food-based social assistance programs in Sri Lanka: evolution and transition to cash transfers / |
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Ganga Tilakaratna, Chinthani Sooriyamudali -- Chapter 5. From food subsidies to targeted transfers in Mexico / John Scott, Citlalli Hernández -- Chapter 6. Evolution and implementation of the supplemental nutrition assistance program in the United States / Victor Oliveira, Laura Tiehen, Mark Prell, David Smallwood -- Chapter 7. Evolution and implementation of the Rastra program in Indonesia / Peter Timmer, Hastuti, Sudarno Sumarto. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Most of the people in low and middle-income countries covered by social protection receive assistance in the form of in-kind food. The origin of such support is rooted in countries' historical pursuit of three interconnected objectives, namely attaining self-sufficiency in food, managing domestic food prices, and providing income support to the poor. This volume sheds light on the complex, bumpy and non-linear process of how some flagship food-based social protection programs have evolved over time, and how they currently work. In particular, it lays out the broad trends in reforms, including a growing move from in-kind modalities to cash transfers, from universality to targeting, and from agriculture to social protection. Case studies from Egypt, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Sri Lanka, and United States document the specific experiences of managing the process of reform and implementation, including enhancing our understanding of the opportunities and challenges with different social protection transfer modalities. |
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