Reasons and persons / / Derek Parfit

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910780799303321
• Autore: Parfit Derek
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Oxford : , : Clarendon Press, , 1986; ©1984
• ISBN: 1-281-98913-4; 9786611989132; 0-19-151984-7
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (xv, 543 pages) : illustrations
• Disciplina: 170
• Soggetti: Ethics; Rationalism; Self
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: "Reprinted with corrections".
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (p. [533]-540) and index.

Verb first : on the syntax of verb initial languages / / edited by Andrew Carnie, Heidi Harley, Shiela Ann Dooley

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910961260503321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Philadelphia, PA, : John Benjamins Pub., 2005
• ISBN: 9786612157028; 9781282157026; 1282157027; 9789027294753; 9027294755
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (448 pages)
• Collana: Linguistik aktuell, , 0166-0829 ; ; v. 73
• Altri autori (Persone): CarnieAndrew <1969->; DooleySheila Ann; HarleyHeidi
• Disciplina: 415
• Soggetti: Grammar, Comparative and general - Word order; Grammar, Comparative and general - Verb; Grammar, Comparative and general - Syntax
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Verb First -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Contributors -- Acknowledgements -- Note -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Notes -- I. VP movement vs. head-movement -- What fronts? -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Evidence for a clause-initial VP -- 3. The clause-initial VP as moved constituent -- 3.1. VP raising across an apparent distance -- 3.2. The islandhood of VP -- 4. Remnant VP raising and its motivation -- 5. The motivation for VP raising -- 6. Conclusion -- Notes -- Coordination and constituency in St'át'imcets (Lillooet Salish) -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Background: A brief rundown on St'át'imcets -- 2.1. The language and its speakers -- 2.2. Basic morphosyntactic properties -- 2.3. Word order -- 3. VP constituency -- 3.1. Subject-object asymmetries -- 3.2. VP-constituency tests -- 3.3. Interim conclusions -- 4. Coordination: A cautionary tale -- 4.1. VP coordination in St'át'imcets -- 4.2. A further unexpected coordination pattern -- 5. Some remarks on linearization ; at the right periphery -- 6. Typological implications -- 7. Methodological implications -- Appendix -- Conversion chart from St'át'imcets practical orthography to standard Americanist phonemic script -- Notes -- Two derivations of VSO -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Niuean facts and the predicate fronting analysis -- 3. Tongan facts that are similar to Niuean -- 4. The V-raising analysis and Tongan facts that are different from Niuean -- 4.1. Clitic pronouns and T's EPP feature -- 4.2. Scrambling and T's EPP feature -- 4.3. T's EPP feature in Tongan and Niuean -- 5. Residual word order issues -- 5.1. Intervening adverbs -- 5.2. Non-verbal predicates -- 5.3. PNI-like phenomenon -- 6. Conclusion -- Notes -- Force first -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. The case for clausal movement -- 2. Overt clausal movement: Yes/no questions with èee.; 2.1. Why not left-branching? Some theoretical problems -- 2.2. Adverb placement as evidence against left branching -- 3. Definite aspect: A case of string-vacuous clausal movement into CP -- 4. A second case of covert clause fronting: Verbs with irrealis aspect marking -- 4.1. Semantic motivation for verb fronting and clause fronting -- 4.2. Why verb fronting of irrealis verbs with subjunctive readings? -- 5. Summary and implications -- Notes -- V1 and wh-questions -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Observations and questions -- 3. A typology of V-initial syntax -- 3.1. V-movement languages -- 3.2. VP-movement languages -- 3.3. V-initial typology -- 4. Typology of wh-questions: Extending the Clause Typing Hypothesis -- 4.1. Preliminaries: The Clause Typing Hypothesis (Cheng 1997) -- 4.2. Adding to Cheng (1997): The generalized EPP conjecture -- 5. Consequences: A new way to look at Irish syntax -- 5.1. Examining the properties of Irish -- 5.2. Irish wh-questions -- 6. Concluding remarks -- Notes -- Preverbal particles in verb-initial languages -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theoretical background -- 2.1. Phrase structure -- 2.2. Clause structure and verb movement -- 3. The proposal -- 3.1. Derived heads require a filled specifier -- 3.2. Verb movement and preverbal particles -- 4. Conclusion -- Notes -- A note on predicates and heads in Irish clausal syntax -- 1. Introduction -- 2. A further step -- 3. The positioning of initial predicates -- Notes -- Seediq -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The facts -- 3. Antisymmetry and VOS -- 3.1. Predicate raising -- 3.2. Predicate-raising and head-finality -- 3.3. VOS and VSO order -- 4. Further correlates -- 4.1. Placement of the interrogative particle -- 4.2. Final particles vs. second position clitics -- 5. Cliticization and verb raising - an apparent problem -- 6. Summary and conclusion -- Notes.; VP-internal structure in a VOS language -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Background -- 2.1. Guilfoyle, Hung, and Travis (GHT 1992) -- 2.2. Intraposition -- 2.3. Two types of (VO) languages -- 2.4. Rightward adjunction -- 3. VP ellipsis -- 3.1. Expectations -- 3.2. Data -- 3.3. Account -- 4. Conclusion -- Notes -- II. Categories, information structure, and prosodic factors -- Lexical categories, lack of inflection, and predicate fronting in Niuean -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Overview -- 1.2. Niuean as a predicate-fronting language -- 2. Lexical categories -- 2.1. Lexical categories in Polynesian languages -- 2.2. Approaches to lexical categories -- 2.3. Distribution of lexical categories in Niuean -- 2.4. Morphology and syntax -- 3. Lexical categorial features in Niuean -- 4. Lexical category and predicate fronting -- 5. Conclusion -- Notes -- Word order without syntactic categories -- 1. Introduction: Explaining word order -- 2. Introducing Riau Indonesian -- 3. The grammar of Riau Indonesian -- 3.1. Syntax -- 3.2. Association -- 3.3. Headedness -- 4. How Riau Indonesian manages to look like a verb-initial language -- 5. From Riau Indonesian to universal grammar -- Notes -- Nominal properties of vPs in Breton -- 1. Introduction -- 2. ; Internal arguments of DP and vP -- 2.1. Case assignment to object DPs by construct state -- 3. vPs like DPs show Case filter effects -- 3.1. Raising structures, Clitic Left Dislocation and related problems -- 4. vPs bear interpretable underspecified phi-features -- 5. Conclusion -- Notes -- On the parallelism of DPs and clauses -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Maasai DPs headed by a common noun are relative clauses -- 3. On the expected parallelism of DPs and clauses -- 3.1. Maasai clauses -- 3.2. The complex verb, agreement and the nominative subject -- 3.3. The position of the verbal predicate in the left periphery.; 4. Non verbal predication -- 4.1. The mystery of predicate inversion -- 5. Conclusion -- Notes -- Ordering clitics and postverbal R-expressions in Tagalog -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Nonpronominal morphosyntax -- 2.1. An overview of Tagalog morphology -- 2.2. Purported optional ordering -- 3. How clitic pronouns are ordered -- 3.1. The cluster's position within the clause -- 3.2. Pronominal clusters with heterogeneous syllabic count -- 3.3. Pronominal clusters with the same number of syllables -- 4. Optional clisis -- 4.1. Preverbal clusters -- 4.2. Postverbal clusters -- 4.3. Optional nonclisis of pronouns -- 5. Conditions on clitichood in Tagalog -- 5.1. Morphological factors -- 5.2. Lightness and clitichood -- 5.3. What does it mean to be a clitic? -- 6. Speculations about the phrase structure of Tagalog -- 6.1. Empirical gaps -- 6.2. Formalizing the Late-subject tendency -- 6.3. The wider problem of Heavy-shift -- Notes -- The syntax of Chalcatongo Mixtec -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Correlates of VSO word order -- 2.1. Greenbergian correlates -- 2.2. Other correlates of VSO -- 3. CM clausal syntax -- 3.1. Non-basic word orders -- 3.2. Distribution of pronominal clitics, lexical DPs, and full pronouns -- 3.3. Structure of the CM clause -- 4. Conclusion -- Notes -- Accounting for verb-initial order in an Australian language -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Verb-initial phenomena in Wanyi -- 2.1. Verb initial clauses -- 2.2. Verb-initial with extraposed XP -- 2.3. Non-verb-initial clauses -- 2.4. Pre-pronominal clitic position -- 2.5. Modal particles in initial position -- 2.6. Alternative (non-focus) explanation for clause-initial predicates -- 2.7. More on the syntax of predicates -- 2.8. Limiting long-distance movement -- 2.9. Predicates in finite and non-finite clauses -- 2.10. Recapitulation -- 3. The verb-initial phenomenon in Australian languages.; 4. Conclusion -- 4.1. Future directions -- Appendix -- Template of Wanyi finite verb formation -- Notes -- References -- Index -- The series Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics.
• Sommario/riassunto: This collection of papers brings together the most recent crosslinguistic research on the syntax of verb-initial languages. Authors with a variety of theoretical perspectives pursue the questions of how verb-initial order is derived, and how these derivations play into the characteristic syntax of these languages. Major themes in the volume include the role of syntactic category in languages with verb-initial order; the different mechanisms of deriving V-initial order; and the universal correlates of the order. This book should be of interest to scholars who work on theoretical approaches to word order derivation, typologists, and those who work on the particular grammars of Celtic, Zapotec, Mixtec, Polynesian, Austronesian, Mayan, Salish, Aboriginal, and Nilotic languages.

Advanced quantum communications : an engineering approach / / Sandor Imre, Laszlo Gyongyosi

• Record Nr.: UNINA9911019263403321
• Autore: Imre Sandor
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley, c2013
• ISBN: 9781118337455; 111833745X; 9781283869249; 1283869241; 9781118337431; 1118337433
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (484 p.)
• Altri autori (Persone): GyongyosiLaszlo
• Disciplina: 621.382; 621.38201
• Soggetti: Quantum communication; Quantum computers
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: PREFACE xvii -- CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 -- 1.1 Emerging Quantum Infl uences 2 -- 1.2 Quantum Information Theory 2 -- 1.3 Different Capacities of Quantum Channels 3 -- 1.4 Challenges Related to Quantum Channel Capacities 5 -- 1.5 Secret and Private Quantum Communication 6 -- 1.6 Quantum Communications Networks 8 -- 1.7 Recent Developments and Future Directions 9 -- CHAPTER 2 INTRODUCTION TO QUANTUM INFORMATION THEORY 11 -- 2.1 Introduction 12 -- 2.2 Basic Definitions and Formulas 15 -- 2.3 Geometrical Interpretation of the Density Matrices 25 -- 2.4 Quantum Entanglement 31 -- 2.5 Entropy of Quantum States 34 -- 2.6 Measurement of the Amount of Entanglement 43 -- 2.7 Encoding Classical Information to Quantum States 49 -- 2.8 Quantum Noiseless Channel Coding 54 -- 2.9 Brief Summary 57 -- 2.10 Further Reading 57 -- CHAPTER 3 THE CLASSICAL CAPACITIES OF QUANTUM CHANNELS 65 -- 3.1 Introduction 65 -- 3.2 From Classical to Quantum Communication Channels 73 -- 3.3 Transmission of Classical ; Information over Quantum Channels 77 -- 3.4 The Holevo-Schumacher-Westmoreland Theorem 84 -- 3.5 Classical Communication over Quantum Channels 89 -- 3.6 Brief Summary of Classical Capacities 98 -- 3.7 Multilevel Quantum Systems and Qudit Channels 98 -- 3.8 The Zero-Error Capacity of a Quantum Channel 100 -- 3.9 Further Reading 117 -- CHAPTER 4 THE QUANTUM CAPACITY OF QUANTUM CHANNELS 126 -- 4.1 Introduction 126 -- 4.2 Transmission of Quantum Information 128 -- 4.3 Quantum Coherent Information 136 -- 4.4 The Asymptotic Quantum Capacity 146 -- 4.5 Relation between Classical and Quantum Capacities of Quantum Channels 149 -- 4.6 Further Reading 151 -- CHAPTER 5 GEOMETRIC INTERPRETATION OF QUANTUM CHANNELS 156 -- 5.1 Introduction 156 -- 5.2 Geometric Interpretation of the Quantum Channels 157 -- 5.3 Geometric Interpretation of the Quantum Informational Distance 162 -- 5.4 Computation of Smallest Quantum Ball to Derive the HSW Capacity 182 -- 5.5 Illustrative Example 190 -- 5.6 Geometry of Basic Quantum Channel Models 191.; 5.7 Geometric Interpretation of HSW Capacities of Different Quantum Channel Models 197 -- 5.8 Further Reading 213 -- CHAPTER 6 ADDITIVITY OF QUANTUM CHANNEL CAPACITIES 218 -- 6.1 Introduction 218 -- 6.2 Additivity of Classical Capacity 223 -- 6.3 Additivity of Quantum Capacity 225 -- 6.4 Additivity of Holevo Information 232 -- 6.5 Geometric Interpretation of Additivity of HSW Capacity 245 -- 6.6 Classical and Quantum Capacities of some Channels 260 -- 6.7 The Classical Zero-Error Capacities of some Quantum Channels 264 -- 6.8 Further Reading 265 -- CHAPTER 7 SUPERACTIVATION OF QUANTUM CHANNELS 269 -- 7.1 Introduction 270 -- 7.2 The Non-Additivity of Private Information 270 -- 7.3 Channel Combination for Superadditivity of Private Information 274 -- 7.4 Superactivation of Quantum Capacity of Zero-Capacity Quantum Channels 282 -- 7.5 Behind Superactivation: The Information Theoretic Description 295 -- 7.6 Geometrical Interpretation of Quantum Capacity 302 -- 7.7 Example of Geometric Interpretation of Superactivation 305 -- 7.8 Extension of Superactivation for More General Classes 310 -- 7.9 Superactivation of Zero-Error Capacities 315 -- 7.10 Further Reading 322 -- CHAPTER 8 QUANTUM SECURITY AND PRIVACY 325 -- 8.1 Introduction 326 -- 8.2 Quantum Key Distribution 330 -- 8.3 Private Communication over the Quantum Channel 333 -- 8.4 Quantum Cryptographic Primitives 336 -- 8.5 Further Reading 354 -- CHAPTER 9 QUANTUM COMMUNICATION NETWORKS 362 -- 9.1 Long-Distance Quantum Communications 362 -- 9.2 Levels of Entanglement Swapping 368 -- 9.3 Scheduling Techniques of Purifi cation 371 -- 9.4 Hybrid Quantum Repeater 375 -- 9.5 Probabilistic Quantum Networks 382 -- 9.6 Conclusions 384 -- 9.7 Further Reading 384 -- CHAPTER 10 RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS 388 -- 10.1 Introduction 388 -- 10.2 Qubit Implementations 391 -- 10.3 Quantum CPUs 396 -- 10.4 Quantum Memories 400 -- 10.5 Further Reading 411 -- NOTATIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS 413 -- REFERENCES 420 -- INDEX 455.
• Sommario/riassunto: "Whilst classic communications solutions are gradually inching closer to capacity, a new horizon is opened by this exquisite amalgam of fundamental physics and engineering-an essential read for the radical researcher." -- -Prof. Lajos Hanzo, Fellow of the IEEE and IET, University of Southampton, UKAn overview of the most advanced quantum communication techniques, helping readers study and understand the properties of quantum channelsQuantum communication systems exploit the quantum nature of information, offering new possibilities and limitations for engineers when designing ; protocols. In the near future, advanced quantum communication and networking technologies driven by quantum information processing will revolutionize traditional methods.Advanced Quantum Communications explains quantum communication theory from an engineering viewpoint, including advanced quantum communication schemes, and provides an overview of these systems' security. It presents the fundamental theoretical results of quantum Shannon theory, along with details of advanced quantum communication protocols, with a clear mathematical and theoretical background.The book:. Explains the future's advanced quantum communication schemes. Offers a concise and up-to-date introduction to quantum channels, quantum networking, and secret quantum communication techniques. Explains why today's encrypted information will no longer be secure after the first quantum computers become available. Includes basic mathematical tools and heavily illustrated descriptions with more than 260 figures. Includes further reading sections with complete historical backgroundFor students, engineers, and experts, Advanced Quantum Communications is an ideal guide to the communication channels and methods of the Quantum Age.