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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910961092103321 |
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Autore |
Tanner Evan |
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Titolo |
Fiscal Sustainability : : A 21st Century Guide for the Perplexed / / Evan Tanner |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2013 |
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ISBN |
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9781484397169 |
1484397169 |
9781484351499 |
1484351495 |
9781484301616 |
1484301617 |
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Edizione |
[1st ed.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (93 p.) |
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Collana |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Fiscal policy - Econometric models |
Convergence (Economics) - Econometric models |
Commodities |
Debt Management |
Debt |
Debts, Public |
Energy: General |
Fiscal consolidation |
Fiscal Policy |
Fiscal policy |
Fiscal sustainability |
Forecasts of Budgets, Deficits, and Debt |
Investment & securities |
Investments: Energy |
Macroeconomics |
National Deficit Surplus |
Oil |
Petroleum industry and trade |
Policy Coordination |
Policy Designs and Consistency |
Policy Objectives |
Public debt |
Public finance & taxation |
Public Finance |
Sovereign Debt |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Cover Page; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; Tables; Figures; I. Introduction; 1. Government Debt/GDP, Selected Countries, Weighted Average; II. The Building Blocks of a Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA); A. The Public Sector Budget Constraint; B. Ad-Hoc Targets For The Public Debt and/or The Primary Surplus; C. Alternative Scenarios in a Debt Sustainability Analysis; 1. Summary, Recent Research on Public Debt Sustainability, Stochastic Approach; III. The Government's Present Value Constraint: A Restatement; IV. Maximum Sustainable Debt |
V. Distributing Surpluses Over Time: A Fiscal Objective Function A. Objective: How To Distribute The Fiscal Burden Over Time; B. Objective Functions and Structural Surpluses-Further Considerations; C. Debt and Expenditure Smoothing-Evidence From the Recent Downturn; 2. Industrialized Countries: Change in Primary Government Spending (ratio to GDP) 2009 Minus 2008 (vertical axis), and Net Public Debt/GDP (horizontal axis); 3. Emerging Economies: Change in Primary Government Spending (ratio to GDP) 2009 minus 2008 (vertical axis), and Net Public Debt/GDP (horizontal axis) |
VI. Required Adjustment in an Uncertain Environment 2. Target Primary Surplus, Probabilistic Approach; 4. Target Primary Surplus, "Low" Volatility Case; 3. Example of Tax Smoothing with Uncertain Potential Output; 5. Target Primary Surplus, "High" Volatility Case; VIII. Prospective Liabilities; 4. Long-run Fiscal Imbalances in the United States; IX. The Net Worth Approach; X. Non-Renewable Resources; 5. Non-Renewable Resource Management: Permanent Income and "Bird-In-Hand" Approaches; 6. Approximate Sovereign Cumulative Default Probabilities: 5-year bonds |
7. Assessment of Fiscal Sustainability for a Hypothetical Economy: A Contingent Claims Approach XII. Summary and Conclusions; References; XI. Contingent Claims Analysis and Market Indicators of Default Risk; VII. Sustainability Over The Business Cycle; Footnotes |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This paper critically reviews recent work regarding the sustainability of public debt. It argues that Debt Sustainability Analyses (DSAs) should be more than mere mechanical simulation exercises. Instead, a DSA should be linked to some objective regarding the distribution of fiscal burdens and distortions over time (in the tradition of Barro’s 1979 tax smoothing objective). The paper discusses objective functions that yield simple and transparent fiscal policy rules. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910955283003321 |
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Titolo |
Dialogue analysis VIII : understanding and misunderstanding in dialogue : selected papers from the 8th IADA conference, Göteborg 2001 / / edited by Karin Aijmer |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Tübingen, : M. Niemeyer Verlag, 2004 |
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ISBN |
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Edizione |
[Reprint 2010] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (324 p.) |
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Collana |
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Beiträge zur Dialogforschung ; ; 27 |
Beiträge zur Dialogforschung, , 0940-5992 ; ; Bd. 27 |
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Altri autori (Persone) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Front matter -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: Dialogical Grammar and Spoken Interaction -- On Some Principles of a Dialogical Grammar / Linell, Per -- What do Linguistic Descriptions have to say about Discourse? / Tsui, Amy Β. M. -- Chapter 2: Misunderstanding as a Dialogical Phenomenon -- Misunderstanding - A Dialogic Problem / Stati, Sorin -- Infelicitous Communication or Degrees of Misunderstanding? / Fetzer, Anita -- Understanding Misunderstanding: Kafka's The Trial / Hess-Lüttich, Ernest W. B. -- Modal Competence and Misunderstandings in The Merry Wives of Windsor / Bruti, Silvia -- Misunderstandings at Work / Dannerer, Monika -- Do Italians 'Prefer' Disagreeing? Some Interactional Features of Disputational Talk in Italian Multi-Party Family Interaction / Monzoni, Chiara Μ. -- The Logical Structure of Dialogue and the Representation of Emotions: An Example from Hitchcock's Notorious / Cigada, Sara -- "He hired who?": Problems in Reference Assignments in Conversations / Jucker, Andreas H. / Smith, Sara W. -- Chapter 3: Signposting in the Dialogue -- The Discourse Marker so in Native and Non-native Discourse / Müller, Simone -- Subjective and Objective Grounding in Discourse Markers: A Cross-linguistic Corpus-driven Approach / Trillo, Jesús Romero -- Chapter 4: Exploring Dialogue in Academic Discourse -- Talking Academic: A Corpus Approach to Academic Speech / Mauranen, Anna -- Topic Progression in Science Interviews / Granato, Luisa / Harvey, |
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Anamaria -- Pragmatic Implications of the Use of we as a Receiver-including and Receiver-excluding Pronoun / Poppi, Franca -- Chapter 5: Dialogue and Multilingual or Multicultural Schools -- Dialogues and Exclusion in Multicultural Schools / Maier, Robert -- Content and Language Integrated Learning: Interactions in Bilingual Classrooms / Gilardoni, Silvia -- Chapter 6: Focus Group Discussions -- Virtual Participants as Communicative Resources in Discussions on Gene Technology / Adelswärd, Viveka -- Exploring Focus Groups: Analysing Focus Group Data about Genetically Modified Food / Wibeck, Victoria -- Chapter 7: Dialogue Analysis and Corpora -- Possibilities and Limitations of Corpus Linguistics / Weigand, Edda |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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The present collection of articles, presented at the 8th IADA Conference in Göteborg, focuses on understanding and misunderstanding as dialogic phenomena. The notion of a dialogic grammar and dialogic principles as a framework for understanding human communication and cognition is explored in several contributions. Misunderstanding in dialogue is dealt with in institutional and non-institutional settings, in fiction and film dialogue, from several different theoretical perspectives. |
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