Paradigm change : in the Transeurasian languages and beyond / / edited by Martine Robbeets, Walter Bisang ; contributors, Éva Á. Csató [and fifteen others]

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910460184903321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Amsterdam, Netherlands ; ; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania : , : John Benjamins Publishing Company, , 2014; ©2014
• ISBN: 90-272-6973-4
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (365 p.)
• Collana: Studies in Language Companion Series, , 0165-7763 ; ; Volume 161
• Disciplina: 414/.01
• Soggetti: Paradigm (Linguistics); Altaic languages - Morphology; Altaic languages - Verb; Comparative linguistics - Eurasia; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and indexes.
• Nota di contenuto: Paradigm Change; Editorial page; Title page; LCC data; Table of contents; List of tables ; List of figures ; List of contributors ; Acknowledgements ; Chapter 1. When paradigms change ; 1. Changing research paradigms ; 1.1 Paradigm change in Transeurasian linguistics ; 1.2 Paradigm change in comparative historical morphology ; 2. Change in morphological paradigms ; 2.1 Definitions ; 2.2 Changes in paradigms and their stability ; 3. The organization of this volume ; References ; Part I. Paradigm change ; Chapter 2. On the strength of morphological paradigms; 1. Introduction - the basic idea of this paper 2. Radical pro-drop - a comparison of West Africa and East and mainland Southeast Asia ; 2.1 West African languages ; 2.2 East and mainland Southeast Asian languages ; 3. Radical pro-drop and morphology from a theoretical perspective ; 4. Radical pro-drop and the strength of morphological paradigms ; 4.1 On frequency and the diffusion of language change ; 4.2 Inflectional paradigms in Niger-Congo and the absence of radical ; pro-drop ; 4.3 East and mainland Southeast Asian languages and the lack of morphological paradigms; 4.4 Factors that prevent the development of morphological paradigms at later stages 5. Conclusion ; Abbreviations ; References ; Chapter 3. Derivational paradigms in diachrony and comparison ; 1. Introduction ; 2. Wordlists and language sample ; 3. The causative alternation: Subgrouping ; 4. Posture verbs: Subgrouping ; 5. External comparison ; 5.1 Theoretical issues ; 5.2 A combined grammatical tree ; 5.3 Derivational type and lexical stability ; 6. Conclusions ; References ; Chapter 4. On arguing from diachrony for paradigms ; 1. Introduction ; 2. What is a paradigm?; 3. Some non-evidence from language change 4. Positive evidence for paradigms from analogical change ; 5. An extended sense of 'Paradigm' and its value here ; 6. Conclusion - A cautionary note with further positive indications for the paradigm ; Abbreviations ; References ; Chapter 5. Reconstructing the Niger-Congo Verb Extension Paradigm ; 1. Introduction ; 2. Niger-Congo verb extensions ; 3. Verb extensions in Afro-Asiatic, Nilo-Saharan and "Khoisan" ; 4. Renewed and borrowed extensions ; 5. Extension stacking ; 6. Verb extensions in Bantoid ; 7. Summary and conclusion ; Abbreviations; Languages Linguistic forms ; References ; Appendix: Table of Verb Extensions in Bantoid ; Part II. The continuation of paradigms; Chapter 6. Perceived formal and functional equivalence ; 1. Indirect insertion of West Old Turkic verb stems in Late Ancient Hungarian ; 2. Hungarian verbal conjugational paradigms ; 3. The cuckoo's nest: The ik-conjugation ; 4. Copied Turkic verbs in the ik-conjugation (Róna-Tas & Berta 2011) ; 5. The Turkic deverbal suffixes -(V)g and -(V)k ; 6. The Hungarian reflexive verbs ; 7. Carry over ; Abbreviation ; References; Chapter 7. Comparative consequences of the tongue root harmony analysis for proto-Tungusic, proto-Mongolic, and proto-Korean
• Sommario/riassunto: The paper reviews the data concerning the nominal inflectional morphology in the chain of languages comprising Uralic, Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic, Koreanic and Japonic, collectively termed "Ural-Altaic". Although nominal morphology has traditionally been quoted in support of the hypothesis concerning the genetic relationship of these languages, a more detailed survey of the data shows that the extant parallels are in various ways secondary and/or accidental. This suggests that Ural-Altaic is an areal and typological complex of languages, but not a genetic entity. On the other hand, it is also

Bioactive food as dietary interventions for arthritis and related inflammatory diseases / / edited by Ronald Ross Watson and Victor R. Preedy

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910960435703321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Boston, : Elsevier, 2013
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: xxv, 654 p. : ill. (some col.)
• Collana: Bioactive foods in chronic disease states
• Altri autori (Persone): WatsonRonald R (Ronald Ross); PreedyVictor R
• Disciplina: 616/.0473; 616.0473
• Soggetti: Arthritis - Nutritional aspects; Inflammation; Bioactive compounds
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Front Cover -- Acknowledgments for Bioactive Foods in Chronic Disease States -- Bioactive Food as Interventions for Arthritis and Related Inflammatory Diseases -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface: Arthritis and Inflammation -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Antioxidant Flavonoids for Arthritis Treatment: Human and Animal Models -- Abbreviations -- 1.Introduction to Phytoflavonoids -- 2.What Is Arthritis? -- 3.Osteoarthritis -- 4.Rheumatoid Arthritis -- 5.Flavonoids -- 6.Animal Models of Acute and Chronic Inflammation -- 7.Flavonoids and Its Effect on Animal Model Arthritis -- 8.Radiographic Analysis of Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis -- 9.Flavonoids Devoid of Toxic Effects -- 10.Clinical Trial of Flavonoids on Arthritis -- 11.The Mechanism of Actions of Flavonoids -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 2: Inflammation in Arthritis -- Abbreviations -- 1.Introduction -- 2.Mechanism of Inflammation in Arthritis -- 3.Dairy Products and Inflammation -- 4.Effects of Food and Spices in Inflammation -- 5.The Role of PUFA in Arthritis -- 6.Antioxidants and Inflammation in Arthritis -- 7.Summary -- References -- Chapter 3: Effects of Beef on Inflammation Affecting Arthritis -- Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction -- ; 1.1. Arthritis -- 1.1.1. Overview -- 1.1.2. Prevalence -- 1.1.3. Disability -- 1.1.4. Treatment -- 1.2. Beef -- 1.2.1. Overview -- 1.2.2. Nutrients -- 1.2.2.1.1. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids -- 1.2.2.1.2. Monounsaturated Fatty Acids -- 1.2.2.1.3. Saturated Fatty Acids -- 1.2.2.1.4. Cholesterol -- 2. Arthritis and Diet -- 2.1. Osteoarthritis -- 2.1.1. Overview -- 2.1.2. Prevention -- 2.1.3. Treatment -- 2.1.4. Discussion -- 2.2. Rheumatoid Arthritis -- 2.2.1. Overview -- 2.2.2. Nutrition status -- 2.2.3. Prevention -- 2.2.4. Foods associated with symptom aggravation -- 2.2.5. Treatment -- 2.2.5.2.1. PUFAs -- 2.2.5.2.2. MUFAs -- 2.2.5.2.3. Protein.; 2.2.6. Discussion -- 2.3. Gout -- 2.3.1. Overview -- 2.3.2. Prevention -- 2.3.3. Treatment -- 2.3.4. Discussion -- 3. Contraindications of Beef -- 3.1. Cancer -- 3.2. Heart Disease -- 4. Dietary Recommendations of Beef -- 5. Conclusions -- Definitions -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 4: Contribution of Bioactive Foods and Their Emerging Role in Immunomodulation, Inflammation, and Arthritis -- Abbreviations -- 1. Bioactive Food Components -- 2. Immunomodulation -- 2.1. Flavan-3-ols -- 2.2. Isoflavones -- 2.3. Flavones, Flavonols, and Relevant Nonflavonoid Polyphenols -- 2.4. Chalcones -- 3. Arthritis -- 3.1. Flavan-3-ols -- 3.2. Flavones, Flavanones, Isoflavones, and Flavonols -- 3.3. Anthocyanins -- 4. Inflammation -- 4.1. Flavan-3-ols -- 4.2. Isoflavones -- 4.3. Flavones, Flavanones, and Flavonols -- 4.4. Anthocyanins -- References -- Chapter 5: Curcumin and Joint Health: From Traditional Knowledge to Clinical Validation -- Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Clinical Relevance of Osteoarthritis -- 3. Prevalence and Causes of OA -- 4. Current OA Treatments -- 5. Preclinical and Clinical Evidence of Activity for Curcumin in the Treatment of OA -- 6. The Bioavailability Issue -- 7. The Development of a Novel Curcumin-Phospholipid Complex (Meriva) -- 8. Clinical Efficacy of Curcumin and of Meriva in the Management of Osteoarthrosis -- 9. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 6: Dried Plum and Bone Health -- Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Plant-Based Foods and Bone Health -- 3. Bone Remodeling -- 4. Role of Inflammation in Bone Loss -- 5. Oxidative Stress and Bone -- 6. Dried Plums -- 7. Dried Plums Prevent Bone Loss -- 8. Dried Plum Restores Bone -- 9. Clinical Studies, Dried Plum and Bone -- 10. Dried Plum, Bone and Inflammation -- 11. Conclusions -- Glossary -- References -- Further Reading -- Relevant Websites.; Chapter 7: The Alkaline Way: Integrative Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Other Autoimmune Conditions -- 1. An Integrative Approach -- 1.1. Evaluating Markers of Inflammation, Detoxification, and Immune Function -- 1.2. Testing for Delayed Antigen Reactions to Food and Chemicals -- 1.2.1. Antibody assays -- 1.2.2. Immune complexes -- 1.2.3. Lymphocyte response assays -- 1.2.4. Comparative methodology -- 1.2.5. Accuracy of functional immunology tests -- 2. Restoring Alkaline Balance -- 2.1. The Alkaline Diet -- 2.1.1. The importance of reducing acidity in the body -- 2.1.2. Reducing inflammation -- 2.1.3. Increasing nutrient levels -- 2.1.4. Improving health, functionality, and symptoms -- 2.1.5. Enhancing immune defenses -- 2.2. Alkaline Nutrients -- 2.3. Self-Testing for Alkaline Status -- 3. Self-Care -- 3.1. Physical Fitness and Immune Competence -- 3.2. Mindfulness Practice and Immunity -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- Relevant Websites -- Chapter 8: Marine Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Rheumatoid Arthritis -- Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Rheumatoid Arthritis -- 3. Arachidonic Acid, Eicosanoids and the Links with Inflammation and RA -- 4. Fatty Acid Modification of Immune Cell Fatty Acid Composition and of Eicosanoid Profiles -- 5. Resolvins: ; Novel Anti-Inflammatory and Inflammation-Resolving Mediators Produced from EPA and DHA -- 6. Influence of Marine n-3 Fatty Acids on Inflammatory Cytokines -- 6.1. Transcription Factors Involved in Regulating Inflammatory Gene Expression -- 6.2. Fatty Acid Modulation of Transcription Factor Activation and Inflammatory Cytokine Production -- 7. Influence of Marine n-3 Fatty Acids on T Cells -- 8. Influence of Marine n-3 Fatty Acids on Antigen Presentation -- 9. Marine n-3 PUFAs and Animal Models of RA -- 10. Trials of Marine n-3 PUFAs in RA.; 10.1. Summary of Trials -- 10.2. Meta-Analyses -- 11. Overall Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9: Diet Modulated Inflammation in Chronic Disease: An Overview -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Measuring Metaflammation -- 3. Nutrition and Metaflammation -- 3.1. Total Energy Intake -- 3.2. Dietary Patterns -- 3.3. Macronutrients -- 3.3.1. Dietary fats -- 3.3.2. Carbohydrates -- 3.4. Micronutrients -- 3.5. Beverages -- 4. Summary -- References -- Chapter 10: Food Supplements and Immune Function in Humans -- Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction: Nutrition and Immunity -- 1.1. The Immune System -- 1.2. Immune-Related Diseases -- 1.3. Relationships Between Nutrition and Immunity -- 2. Food Supplementation and Disease -- 2.1. Respiratory Diseases: Bronchitis, Asthma, Rhinitis -- 2.2. Food Allergies -- 2.3. Celiac Disease -- 2.4. Inflammatory Bowel Disease/Crohn's Disease -- 2.5. Atopic Dermatitis and Eczema -- 2.6. Psoriasis -- 2.7. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus -- 2.8. Rheumatoid Arthritis -- 2.9. Multiple Sclerosis -- 2.10. Cognitive Degeneration and Alzheimer's Disease -- 3. Conclusion -- Glossary -- References -- Further reading -- Chapter 11: Natural Antioxidants and Resistance to Infection -- Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Protection -- 3. Vitamins and Host Resistance to Infection -- 3.1. Vitamin A and β-Carotene -- 3.2. Vitamin C -- 3.3. Vitamin E -- 4. Trace Elements and Host Resistance to Infection -- 4.1. Selenium -- 4.2. Iron -- 4.3. Zinc -- 4.4. Copper -- 5. Summary Points -- References -- Chapter 12: The Effects of Flavonoids on the Immune System -- Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Acquired Immunity: The Tailored Response Against Antigen -- 3. Flavonoids in the Immune System -- 3.1. In Vitro Studies of Flavonoids in the Immune System.; 3.2. The Effect of Flavonoid Intake on the Functionality of the Immune System -- 3.2.1. Preclinical studies with single flavonoids administered orally -- 3.2.2. Preclinical studies using food extracts rich in flavonoids -- 3.2.3. Clinical studies using food or extracts rich in flavonoids -- 4. Concluding Remarks -- Glossary -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 13: Wheat Allergy -- Abbreviations -- 1. Allergy to Wheat and Related Diseases -- 2. Changes in Allergenic Properties of Wheat Induced by Heat and Industrial Processing -- 3. Allergen Cross-Reactivity Among Cereals, Pollen, and Other Vegetal Foods -- 4. Why Patients with Baker's Asthma Due to Wheat Tolerate Wheat Flour Ingestion? -- 5. Relationship Between Diet and Allergic Asthma -- 6. The Role of Wheat in Diabetic's Diet -- 7. Cereal Tolerance Mechanism and Treatment Possibilities -- References -- Chapter 14: Tomato Food Allergy -- Abbreviations -- 1. Food Allergy: Mechanisms, Symptoms, and Prevalence -- 2. Tomato Allergy: Prevalence and Symptoms -- 3. Tomato Allergens -- 3.1. Lyc e 1 -- 3.2. Lyc e 2 -- 3.3. Lyc e 3 -- 3.4. Lyc e 4 -- 4. Cross-reactions Among Tomato and Other Allergens -- 4.1. Pollen-Tomato Cross-reactivity -- 4.2. Latex-Pollen-Tomato Cross-reactivity -- 5. Conclusions -- Glossary -- References -- Further Reading -- Relevant Websites -- Chapter 15: Indian Medicinal Plants as Immunomodulators: Scientific Validation of the Ethnomedicinal Beliefs -- Abbreviations -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Plants as Immunomodulators ; -- 2.1. Ocimum sanctum Linn. or Ocimum tenuiflorum L. (Family Lamiaceae) -- 2.2. Phyllanthus emblica L. or Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (Family Phyllanthaceae) -- 2.3. Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Family Solanaceae) -- 2.4. Tinospora cordifolia (Thunb.) Miers (Family Menispermaceae) -- 2.5. Semecarpus anacardium Linn. (Family: Anacardiaceae).; 2.6. Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Family Meliaceae).
• Sommario/riassunto: While diet has long been recognized as having potential to alleviate symptoms of inflammatory diseases including arthritis, lupus and fibromyalgia, research indicates that specific foods offer particular benefits in preventing or mitigating specific symptoms. Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Arthritis and Inflammatory Diseases is the only available resource focused on exploring the latest advances in bioactive food research written for the scientist or professional audience. The only single-volume resource for scientists and professionals seeking information on how bioactive foods may assist in the treatment of inflammatory diseaseIncludes coverage of probiotics, prebiotics, and polyphenols. Convenient, efficient and effective source that allows reader to identify potential uses of compounds - or indicate those compounds whose use may in fact be of little or no health benefit. Documents foods that can affect inflammatory disease and ways the associated information could be used to understand other diseases, which share common etiological pathways --

1.2: Tomo secondo / adislao Mittner

• Record Nr.: UNIORUON00298137
• Autore: MITTNER, Ladislao
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: orino, : . Einaudi, , 1977
• ISBN: 88-06-02048-X; 978-88-06-02048-4
• Descrizione fisica: 62- 976 p. ; 8 cm.
• Disciplina: 830.09
• Soggetti: Letteratura tedesca - Storia - 750-1700; Letteratura tedesca - Storia - Origini-1700
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Italiano
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia