1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910959969703321

Titolo

Nicotine addiction : prevention, health effects and treatment options / / Giuseppe Di Giovanni, editor

Pubbl/distr/stampa

[Hauppauge] N.Y., : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2012

ISBN

1-62081-344-0

Edizione

[1st ed.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (295 p.)

Collana

Substance abuse assessment, interventions and treatment

Altri autori (Persone)

Di GiovanniGiuseppe

Disciplina

616.86/5

Soggetti

Nicotine addiction - Prevention

Nicotine addiction - Treatment

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 -- Nicotine Addiction and Treatment:  Recent Advances -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Nicotine Addiction -- Involvement of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors -- Involvement of Neurotransmitters -- Dopamine -- Glutamate -- GABA -- Endocanabinoid System -- Endogenous Opioid System -- 5-HT -- Norepinephrine -- Involvement of Monoamine Oxidase -- Neuronal Function -- Health Effects -- Prevention -- Therapeutic Option -- Nicotine Therapy -- Non-Nicotine Therapy -- Bupropion -- Varenicline -- Nicotine Vaccine -- Research Advances -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 2 -- Serotonin-Dopamine Interaction in Nicotine Addiction: Focus on 5-HT2C Receptors -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Dopamine Systems -- Serotonin Systems -- 5-HT Receptors Localization -- The 5-HT2 Receptor Family -- Effects of Nicotine on Central Dopaminergic Function -- Effects of Nicotine on Central Serotonergic Function -- Serotonin 2C (5-HT2C) and Nicotine Rewarding Properties -- Serotonergic Drug Treatment for Smoking Cessation -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3 -- Defining the Role  of the Hippocampus in Nicotine Addiction -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Canonical View of Reward and Addiction -- Connectivity between the Hippocampus  and the Reward Circuitry -- Nicotine-Associated Contexts and Cues -- Hippocampal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors, Plasticity and Addiction -- Hippocampus, Stress and Withdrawal -- Towards a Hippocampus Model



for Nicotine Addiction -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 4 -- Nicotine, Neurodegeneration,  and Neuroprotection  in Neuropsychiatric Disorders -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Nicotine Neuroprotection -- in Neurodegenerative Diseases -- Nicotine and Alzheimer's Disease -- Nicotine Influence on Cognitive Impairment.

Nicotine, the Cholinergic System and Alzheimer's Disease -- Nicotine and Parkinson's Disease -- Nicotine and the Pathology of Parkinson's Disease -- Nicotine and other Memory Disorders -- Nicotine Neuroprotection in Neural Injury -- Nicotine Neuroprotection in Psychiatric Disorders -- Nicotine and Schizophrenia -- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Schizophrenia -- Auditory Evoked Potential Inhibition Deficits in Schizophrenia -- Smooth Pursuit Eye Movement Deficits in Schizophrenia -- Prepulse Inhibition of Startle Response Deficits in Schizophrenia -- Neuropsychological Impairments in Schizophrenia -- Pharmacologic Interventions Targeting the Nicotinic Acetylcholine System -- Nicotine and Bipolar Mood Disorder -- Symptom Progression in Smoking Bipolar Patients -- Genetics of Bipolar Disorder and Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 -- Stress as a Risk Factor for Transition to Heightened Nicotine Intake:  Evidence from a Rat Model   of Nicotine Self-Administration -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Materials and Methods -- Subjects -- Self-Administration Apparatus -- Food Training -- Surgery -- Nicotine Self-Administration -- Effect of Pharmacological Stress on Nicotine Intake -- Statistical Analyses -- Results -- Nicotine Self-Administration in the LNT and HNT Rats -- Effect of Yohimbine on Nicotine Self-Administration in the LNT Rats -- Effect of Yohimbine on Nicotine Self-Administration in the HNT Rats -- Effect of Yohimbine in Saline-Trained Rats -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6 -- Smoking, Nicotine and Depression: A Review -- Abstract -- Introduction -- General Aspects of Nicotine -- Pharmacology -- Metabolism -- Nicotinic Receptors -- General Characteristics of Depression -- Smoking, Nicotine and Depression -- Epidemiology.

Hypothesis on the Increase in Indexes of Smoking among Patients  with Major Depression -- Interaction Mechanisms of Nicotine in Depressive Disorders -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7 -- New Psychological Approaches  in Nicotine Addiction -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Prevention -- Cessation -- Relapse Prevention -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8 -- Cognitive Consequences of Adolescent and Adult Nicotine Exposure:  Utility of Animal Models -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Benefits of Rat Models for Studying Developmental Processes in Drug Addiction -- The Utility of the Rat as an Experimental Model  of Adolescent Nicotine Exposure -- Hallmarks of Adolescence in the Rat -- Effects of Adult Nicotine Exposure  on Cognition in Animals -- Effects of Adolescent Nicotine Exposure on Neural Development and Cognition in Animals -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 9 -- Psychosocial Risk Factors for Smoking  and Nicotine Dependence: Implications  for Prevention and Treatment -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Purpose of Study -- Background -- Properties and Effects of Nicotine -- Mechanism of Nicotine Dependence -- Theoretical Framework -- Neurobiological Model -- Associative Learning Model -- Depression -- Smoking Expectancies -- The Personality Trait of Neuroticism -- Childhood Adversity -- Methodology of the Study -- Sample -- Measures -- Data Collection -- Results -- Conclusion -- Implications for Treatment: Assessment -- Nicotine Replacement Therapy -- Anti-Depressant Therapy -- Varencline -- Strategies to Motivate Change and Prevent Relapse -- Case Study -- Further Recommendations --



References -- Chapter 10 -- Effects Associated with the Structure  of Adsorbents on the Degrees to  Which Nicotine, Tar and CO  are Reduced in Tobacco Smoke -- Abstract -- Introduction.

Novel Materials Efficient For Reducing Nicotine, Tar and CO Contents -- Preparation of Cigarette Samples -- Composite Filter -- Chemical Composition of the Mainstream Tobacco Smoke -- Efficiency of the Sorption Removal -- The Factor of Selectivity -- Specific Sorption Capacity of Investigated Material -- The Effects of a Hydrophilic Type Zeolite on the Degree of Reduction of Nicotine, Tar and CO in Tobacco Smoke -- The Effects Associated with the Degree of Hydrophobicity of the Zeolite on the Degree of Reduction of Tobacco Smoke Components -- The Effects Associated With the Type of Amorphous Material on the Degree of Reduction of Tobacco  Smoke Components -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 11 -- Kinetics of Nicotine Bonding Onto  and Release from Poly  (Acrylic -co-Methacrylic Acid) Hydrogel -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Poly(Acrylic Acid-Cco-Methacrylic Acid) Hydrogel Synthesis -- Nicotine Bonding and Release -- Poly(Acrylic Acid-co-methacrylic Acid) Hydrogel Synthesis -- Nicotine Bonding -- Nicotine Release -- Isothermal Kinetics of Nicotine Bonding and Release -- Models of Kinetic Nicotine Bonding to the Hydrogel -- The Kinetics Model of Nicotine Release  from the Hydrogel -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Index -- Blank Page.

Sommario/riassunto

Smoking tobacco presents serious social problems with major impacts on public health. It is estimated that 25-30% of the general population in western countries are currently smoking. Tobacco use is the major preventable cause of death in the United States, responsible for more than 400,000 deaths annually. Within the USA and Europe, 70% of all smokers have tried to quit smoking at least once, but only about 6% of these succeeded in maintaining abstinence. This book covers the latest nicotine-related research. The selection of chapters has a certain unity as physiologic, pathologic and psychological themes run through the book and supply the logical connections between the various authors. This work is intended as a contribution to the reversal of the current tobacco epidemic and thereby to preventing many of the deaths attributable to tobacco predicted in this century.