Magnetohydrodynamic stability of tokamaks / / Hartmut Zohm

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910132316003321
• Autore: Zohm Hartmut
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Weinheim, Germany : , : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Company KGaA, , [2015]; ©2015
• ISBN: 3-527-67734-8; 3-527-67737-2; 3-527-67736-4
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (256 p.)
• Disciplina: 538.6
• Soggetti: Tokamaks - lemac; Magnetohydrodynamic generators
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Magnetohydrodynamic Stability of Tokamaks; Contents; Preface; Chapter 1 The MHD Equations; 1.1 Derivation of the MHD Equations; 1.1.1 Multispecies MHD Equations; 1.1.2 One-Fluid Model of Magnetohydrodynamics; 1.1.3 Validity of the One-Fluid Model of Magnetohydrodynamics; 1.2 Consequences of the MHD Equations; 1.2.1 Magnetic Flux Conservation; 1.2.2 MHD Equilibrium; 1.2.3 Magnetohydrodynamic Waves; 1.2.3.1 Compressional Alfvén Waves; 1.2.3.2 Shear Alfvén Waves; Chapter 2 MHD Equilibria in Fusion Plasmas; 2.1 Linear Configurations; 2.1.1 The z-Pinch; 2.1.2 The Screw Pinch; 2.2 Toroidal Configurations2.2.1 The Tokamak; 2.2.1.1 The Grad-Shafranov Equation; 2.2.1.2 Circular Cross Section; 2.2.1.3 Arbitrary Cross Section; 2.2.1.4 The Straight Field Line Angle; 2.2.2 The Stellarator; Chapter 3 Linear Ideal MHD Stability Analysis; 3.1 Linear MHD Stability as an Initial Value Problem; 3.2 The Energy Principle of Ideal MHD; 3.3 Forms of δW; 3.4 The Ideal MHD Energy Principle for the Tokamak; Chapter 4 Current Driven Ideal MHD Modes in a Tokamak; 4.1 Expression for δW in Tokamak Ordering; 4.2 External Kinks in a Tokamak with β = 0; 4.2.1 Modes with m=1; 6.4.1 Small ELM Regimes6.4.2 Active ELM Control; Chapter 7 Combined Pressure and Current Driven Modes: The Ideal β-Limit; 7.1 Tokamak Operational Scenarios; 7.2 External Kink Modes in a Tokamak with Finite β; 7.3 The Effect of a Conducting Wall on External Kink Modes; 7.3.1 Ideally Conducting Wall; 7.3.2 Resistive Wall; 7.4 The Resistive Wall Mode (RWM); 7.5 The Troyon Limit; Chapter 8 Resistive MHD Stability; 8.1 Stability of Current Sheets; 8.2 Reconnection in the Presence of a Guide Field; 8.3 Magnetic Islands in Tokamaks; 8.4 The Rutherford Equation; Chapter 9 Current Driven (`classical') Tearing Modes in Tokamaks9.1 Effect of Tearing Modes on Kinetic Profiles; 9.2 Nonlinear Saturation; 9.3 Tearing Mode Rotation and Locking; 9.3.1 Rotation of Tearing Modes in Tokamaks; 9.3.2 Locking of Pre-existing Magnetic Islands; 9.3.3 Ab-initio Locked Modes; Chapter 10 Disruptions; 10.1 Phenomenology of Disruptions; 10.1.1 The Density Limit; 10.2 Consequences of Disruptions; 10.2.1 Thermal Loads; 10.2.2 Mechanical Loads; 10.2.3 Runaway Generation; 10.3 Disruption Avoidance and Mitigation; Chapter 11 M=1 Modes beyond Ideal MHD: Sawteeth and Fishbones; 11.1 The Sawtooth Instability
• Sommario/riassunto: This book bridges the gap between general plasma physics lectures and the real world problems in MHD stability. In order to support the understanding of concepts and their implication, it refers to real world problems such as toroidal mode coupling or nonlinear evolution in a conceptual and phenomenological approach. Detailed mathematical treatment will involve classical linear stability analysis and an outline of more recent concepts such as the ballooning formalism. The book is based on lectures that the author has given to Master and PhD students in Fusion Plasma Physics. Due its strong lin

Preterm birth : causes, consequences, and prevention / / Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring Healthy Outcomes, Board on Health Sciences Policy ; Richard E. Behrman, Adrienne Stith Butler, editors

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910959917803321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Washington, DC, : National Academies Press, c2006
• ISBN: 9786610844586; 9781280844584; 1280844582; 9780309658980; 0309658985
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (xvi, 772 pages) : illustrations, map
• Altri autori (Persone): BehrmanRichard E. <1931->; ButlerAdrienne Stith
• Disciplina: 618.3/97
• Soggetti: Premature labor; Labor (Obstetrics) - Complications; Premature Birth - diagnosis; Premature Birth - economics; Premature Birth - prevention & control; Public Policy; Obstetric Labor, Premature; United States
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: FrontMatter -- Reviewers -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Summary -- 1 Introduction -- SECTION I--MEASUREMENT -- 2 Measurement of Fetal and Infant Maturity -- Section I--Measurement--Recommendations -- SECTION II--CAUSES OF PRETERM BIRTH -- 3 Behavioral and Psychosocial Contributors to Preterm Birth -- 4 Sociodemographic and Community Factors Contributing to Preterm Birth -- 5 Medical and Pregnancy Conditions Associated with Preterm Birth -- 6 Biological Pathways Leading to Preterm Birth -- 7 Role of ; Gene-Environment Interactions in Preterm Birth -- 8 The Role of Environmental Toxicants in Preterm Birth -- Section II--Causes of Preterm Birth--Recommendations -- SECTION III--DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PRETERM LABOR -- 9 Diagnosis and Treatment of Conditions Leading to Spontaneous Preterm Birth -- Section III--Diagnosis and Treatment of Preterm Labor--Recommendations -- SECTION IV--CONSEQUENCES OF PRETERM BIRTH -- 10 Mortality and Acute Complications in Preterm Infants -- 11 Neurodevelopmental, Health, and Family Outcomes for Infants Born Preterm -- 12 Societal Costs of Preterm Birth -- Section IV--Consequences of Preterm Birth--Recommendations -- SECTION V--RESEARCH AND POLICY -- 13 Barriers to Clinical Research on Preterm Birth and Outcomes for Preterm Infants -- 14 Public Policies Affected by Preterm Birth -- Section V--Research and Policy--Recommendations -- 15 A Research Agenda to Investigate Preterm Birth -- References -- APPENDIXES -- A Data Sources and Methods -- B Prematurity at Birth: Determinants, Consequences, and Geographic Variation -- C A Review of Ethical Issues Involved in Premature Birth -- D A Systematic Review of Costs Associated with Preterm Birth -- E Selected Programs Funding Preterm Birth Research -- F Committee and Staff Biographies -- Index.
• Sommario/riassunto: The increasing prevalence of preterm birth in the United States is a complex public health problem that requires multifaceted solutions. Preterm birth is a cluster of problems with a set of overlapping factors of influence. Its causes may include individual-level behavioral and psychosocial factors, sociodemographic and neighborhood characteristics, environmental exposure, medical conditions, infertility treatments, and biological factors. Many of these factors co-occur, particularly in those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged or who are members of racial and ethnic minority groups. While advances in perinatal and neonatal care have improved survival for preterm infants, those infants who do survive have a greater risk than infants born at term for developmental disabilities, health problems, and poor growth. The birth of a preterm infant can also bring considerable emotional and economic costs to families and have implications for public-sector services, such as health insurance, educational, and other social support systems. Preterm Birth assesses the problem with respect to both its causes and outcomes. This book addresses the need for research involving clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science disciplines. By defining and addressing the health and economic consequences of premature birth, this book will be of particular interest to health care professionals, public health officials, policy makers, professional associations and clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science researchers.